An Analysis on English Comprehension

Books and Buddies is a program run by Spread the Word Nevada (StWN) designed to help students who struggle with reading. As part of the program, students are given pre and post tests which measure comprehension, accuracy, and words correct per minute (WCPM). A data set was provided that included students\u27 scores on the pre and post test, as well as some general demographic information. A Python program was created to perform linear regressions on subsets of the data, measured on the three attributes listed above. The data was also divided into various categories for the sake of the regressions. This includes improvements based on the number of sessions attended and improvement per grade level. Alongisde the linear regressions, a paired sample mean t-test was performed to test for the significance of the student improvement

The past, present and future of health geography: An exchange with three long standing participants in the Geographies of Health and Wellbeing Research Group

© 2024 The Authors. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, to view a copy of the license, see: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This article traces the past, present and future of health geography through the career journeys of three notable academics, Sarah Curtis (SC), Julia Jones (JJ) and Graham Moon (GM). All three of these scholars have had entanglements with the Geographies of Health and Wellbeing Research Group (GHWRG) of the Royal Geographical Society (with the Institute of British Geographers) (RGS‐IBG) throughout their careers, enabling them to shape health geography into the contemporary sub‐discipline that we know today. GHWRG has, for the last 50 years, offered a lively and supportive network for all those interested in the geographies of health and health care, medical geography and all other areas of scholarship related to health and wellbeing that engage with geographical concerns.Peer reviewe

Ternary Nitride Semiconductors in the Rocksalt Crystal Structure

Inorganic nitrides with wurtzite crystal structures are well-known semiconductors used in optoelectronic devices. In contrast, rocksalt-based nitrides are known for their metallic and refractory properties. Breaking this dichotomy, here we report on ternary nitride semiconductors with rocksalt crystal structures, remarkable optoelectronic properties, and the general chemical formula Mg$_{x}$TM$_{1-x}$N (TM=Ti, Zr, Hf, Nb). These compounds form over a broad metal composition range and our experiments show that Mg-rich compositions are nondegenerate semiconductors with visible-range optical absorption onsets (1.8-2.1 eV). Lattice parameters are compatible with growth on a variety of substrates, and epitaxially grown MgZrN$_{2}$ exhibits remarkable electron mobilities approaching 100 cm$^{2}$V$^{-1}$s$^{-1}$. Ab initio calculations reveal that these compounds have disorder-tunable optical properties, large dielectric constants and low carrier effective masses that are insensitive to disorder. Overall, these experimental and theoretical results highlight Mg$_{G-3}$TMN$_{G-2}$ rocksalts as a new class of semiconductor materials with promising properties for optoelectronic applications

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Inhibition of IRE1 alpha RNase activity reduces NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and processing of pro-IL1 beta

The inflammasome is a multiprotein complex assembled in response to Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) and Danger Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPS). Inflammasome activation occurs through a two-step mechanism, with the first signal facilitating priming of inflammasome components while the second signal triggers complex assembly. Once assembled, the inflammasome recruits and activates pro-caspase-1, which in turn processes pro-interleukin (IL)-18 and pro-IL-1 beta into their bio-active forms. Owing to its key role in the regulation of innate immune responses, the inflammasome has emerged as a therapeutic target for the treatment of inflammatory conditions. In this study we demonstrate that IRE1 alpha, a key component of the Unfolded Protein Response, contributes to assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Blockade of IRE1 alpha RNase signaling lowered NLRP3 inflammasome assembly, caspase-1 activation and pro-IL-1 beta processing. These results underscore both the importance and potential therapeutic relevance of targeting IRE1 alpha signaling in conditions of excessive inflammasome formation