Revolution in Re-Identifying the Holy Land in the Nineteenth Century

In the long history of Palestine research one interesting devel-opment has to be noted. In the 19th century the Holy Landwas ‘rediscovered’, leading to the detailed use of all existingsources, the foremost being the Scriptures. The US theologianEdward Robinson, accompanied by the missionary Eli Smith,traveled in the Holy Land in 1838. The pioneering role in HolyLand research, the detailed reconstruction of the Scripturesas a historical-geographical source was accepted by contempo-raries – a milestone in the process of establishing Palestine re-search as a modern academic discipline. The voyage yielded adetailed, three-volume work, including various maps drawn bythe young cartographer Heinrich Kiepert. These maps estab-lished a new narrative within the historical-geographical dis-course, leading to a new construction of the identity of theHoly Land

An early measuring of the Holy City, forgotten for over a century: Westphal’s Jerusalem map of 1825

In 1822 and 1823 three young German scholars, Peter von Medem, Gustav Parthey and Johann Heinrich Westphal, undertook a research expedition to Egypt and Palestine. One major result of this journey was a very accurate map of Jerusalem: “Jerusalem und seine nächsten Umgebungen” (“Jerusalem and its environs”), published in 1825 by Heinrich Berghaus in his journal Hertha. Together with Franz Wilhelm Sieber’s plan of 1818 this map belongs to the very first “modern” maps of Jerusalem, based on measurements and new scientific research results. In addition, the sketches, as well as extracts from Parthey’s and von Medem’s diaries, formed the material for Berghaus’ memoir to his Map of Syria in 1835. This article deals with the background of the voyage, the production, publication and reception of the map, and the complex network of actors involved, based on recently discovered archival sources. Moreover, the map became forgotten in the 19th and 20th centuries. Apart from Berghaus, the map was actually never used by later cartographers of Jerusalem and no longer mentioned in studies concerning the history of the city’s modern cartography

The shaping of face space in early infancy: Becoming a native face processor

Face perception remains one of the most intensively researched areas in psychology and allied disciplines, and there has been much debate regarding the early origins and experiential determinants of face processing. This article reviews studies, the majority of which have appeared in the past decade, that discuss possible mechanisms underlying face perception at birth and document the prominent role of experience in shaping infants’ face?processing abilities. In the first months of life, infants develop a preference for female and own?race faces and become better able to recognize and categorize own?race and own?species faces. This perceptual narrowing and shaping of the “face space” forms a foundation for later face expertise in childhood and adulthood and testifies to the remarkable plasticity of the developing visual system

XRF Analysis of Several Groups of Electrum Coins

International audienc

PS2-18: The Maccabi Healthcare Services Cardiovascular Information System: Integration of Patient Care Data, Registries, and Gui

Abstract Background: The present study describes a registry of cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients in a large health maintenance organization in Israel aimed to be used by health professionals to identify CVD patients and follow the courses of their illnesses and risk factors

Assessment of Intra-Abdominal Pressure with a Novel Continuous Bladder Pressure Monitor—A Clinical Validation Study

Introduction: Intra-abdominal hypertension and the resulting abdominal compartment syndrome are serious complications of severely ill patients. Diagnosis requires an intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) measurement, which is currently cumbersome and underused. We aimed to test the accuracy of a novel continuous IAP monitor. Methods: Adults having laparoscopic surgery and requiring urinary catheter intra-operatively were recruited to this single-arm validation study. IAP measurements using the novel monitor and a gold-standard foley manometer were compared. After anesthesia induction, a pneumoperitoneum was induced through a laparoscopic insufflator, and five randomly pre-defined pressures (between 5 and 25 mmHg) were achieved and simultaneously measured via both methods in each participant. Measurements were compared using Bland–Altman analysis. Results: In total, 29 participants completed the study and provided 144 distinct pairs of pressure measurements that were analyzed. A positive correlation between the two methods was found (R2 = 0.93). There was good agreement between the methods, with a mean bias (95% CI) of −0.4 (−0.6, −0.1) mmHg and a standard deviation of 1.3 mmHg, which was statistically significant but of no clinical importance. The limits of agreement (where 95% of the differences are expected to fall) were −2.9 and 2.2 mmHg. The proportional error was statistically insignificant (p = 0.85), suggesting a constant agreement between the methods across the range of values tested. The percentage error was 10.7%. Conclusions: Continuous IAP measurements using the novel monitor performed well in the clinical setup of controlled intra-abdominal hypertension across the evaluated range of pressures. Further studies should expand the range to more pathological values