Experimental and analytical validation of a modular acetabular prosthesis in total hip arthroplasty

A finite element model has been developed to predict in vivo micro motion between a modular acetabular cup and liner after cement less total hip arthroplasty. The purpose of this study is to experimentally validate the model. Six LVDT sensors were used to monitor the micromotion of the liner when subjected to loading conditions ranging from 250 N to 5000 N. Deformations at points of interest for both the experiment and FEM were compared. Results of the FEM with different coefficient of friction between the liner and the cup were investigated to correlate with the experimental results

The Assessment of Land Degradation and Desertification in Mexico: Mapping Regional Trend Indicators with Satellite Data

Understanding the patterns of land degradation and desertification to develop mitigation strategies requires identification of methods for accurate and spatially explicit assessment and monitoring. Remote sensing data offer the possibility to develop strategies that outline degradation and desertification. The free access policy on satellite imagery enables a new pathway to measure, assess, and monitor land degradation using indicators derived from multispectral satellite data. This chapter seeks to explore a methodology for land degradation and desertification assessment and monitoring, based on freely available multispectral satellite data. The method identifies net primary productivity (NPP) and canopy cover (CC) as indicators of degradation. The trajectories of these indicators show patterns and trends over time. The methodological development presented here is intended to be a tool for regional landscape monitoring and assessment, enabling the formulation of corrective action plans. This methodology was tested in a semi-deciduous ecosystem in the southeast of Mexico

Metabolic risk score indexes validation in overweight healthy people

The constellation of adverse cardiovascular disease (CVD) and metabolic risk factors, including elevated abdominal obesity, blood pressure (BP), glucose, and triglycerides (TG) and lowered high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), has been termed the metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) [1]. A number of different definitions have been developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) [2], the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) [3], the European Group for the Study of Insulin Resistance (EGIR) [4] and, most recently, the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) [5]. Since there is no universal definition of the Metabolic Syndrome, several authors have derived different risk scores to represent the clustering of its components [6-11]

Respuesta hidrológica y erosiva de suelos con enmiendas en condiciones climáticas mediterráneas

This study deals with the impact of some amendments on runoff and soil loss under dry Mediterranean climate in afforestation sites. Four organic amendments under the same rainfall regime were studied over a two year period: i) straw mulching (SM); ii) mulch with chipped branches of Aleppo Pine (Pinus halepensis L.) (PM); iii) sheep manure compost (SH); iv) sewage sludge (RU). The aim of the study was to evaluate the role played by different soil organic amendments in runoff generation and soil loss from closed and afforested plots. The results denote that PM, SM and RU resulted very effective methods to control runoff and sediments. Moreover, the polymers were effective when I30 was low. However, this effect disappeared as rainfall intensity increased.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Respuesta de tres cultivares de maíz a la inoculación con Azospirillum brasilense bajo cuatro diferentes dosis de nitrógeno

En el municipio de Huamuxtitlán, estado de Guerrero, México, se evaluó la respuesta de los materiales de maíz VS-535, H-507 y criollo veracruzano en las dosis de 0, 30, 60 y 90 kg de nitrógeno ha-1, con y sin Azospirillum brasilense. En el sintético VS- 535 se registró el mayor rendimiento de grano (5.23 t ha-1). En las dosis de 0, 30, 60 y 90 kg de N ha-1 se registraron 4.38, 4.36, 4.81 y 4.93 t ha-1, respectivamente. La diferencia entre aplicar o no Azospirillum brasilense (promedio sobre los factores A, B y repeticiones) fue de 1.47 t ha-1 y de dos días en el ciclo biológico del cultivo.En el municipio de Huamuxtitlán, estado de Guerrero, México, se evaluó la respuesta de los materiales de maíz VS-535, H-507 y criollo veracruzano en las dosis de 0, 30, 60 y 90 kg de nitrógeno ha-1, con y sin Azospirillum brasilense. En el sintético VS535 se registró el mayor rendimiento de grano (5.23 t ha-1). En las dosis de 0, 30, 60 y 90 kg de N ha-1 se registraron 4.38, 4.36, 4.81 y 4.93 t ha-1, respectivamente. La diferencia entre aplicar o no Azospirillum brasilense (promedio sobre los factores A, B y repeticiones) fue de 1.47 t ha-1 y de dos días en el ciclo biológico del cultivo

Pairing Binge Drinking and a High-Fat Diet in Adolescence Modulates the Inflammatory Effects of Subsequent Alcohol Consumption in Mice

Alcohol binge drinking (BD) and poor nutritional habits are two frequent behaviors among many adolescents that alter gut microbiota in a pro-inflammatory direction. Dysbiotic changes in the gut microbiome are observed after alcohol and high-fat diet (HFD) consumption, even before obesity onset. In this study, we investigate the neuroinflammatory response of adolescent BD when combined with a continuous or intermittent HFD and its effects on adult ethanol consumption by using a self-administration (SA) paradigm in mice. The inflammatory biomarkers IL-6 and CX3CL1 were measured in the striatum 24 h after BD, 3 weeks later and after the ethanol (EtOH) SA. Adolescent BD increased alcohol consumption in the oral SA and caused a greater motivation to seek the substance. Likewise, mice with intermittent access to HFD exhibited higher EtOH consumption, while the opposite effect was found in mice with continuous HFD access. Biochemical analyses showed that after BD and three weeks later, striatal levels of IL-6 and CX3CL1 were increased. In addition, in saline-treated mice, CX3CL1 was increased after continuous access to HFD. After oral SA procedure, striatal IL-6 was increased only in animals exposed to BD and HFD. In addition, striatal CX3CL1 levels were increased in all BD- and HFD-exposed groups. Overall, our findings show that adolescent BD and intermittent HFD increase adult alcohol intake and point to neuroinflammation as an important mechanism modulating this interaction.021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

Detection of gases and organic vapors by cellulose-based sensors

The growing interest in the development of cost-effective, straightforward, and rapid analytical systems has found cellulose-based materials, including cellulose derivatives, cellulose-based gels, nanocellulosic materials, and the corresponding (nano)cellulose-based composites, to be valuable platforms for sensor development. The present work presents recent advances in the development of cellulose-based sensors for the determination of volatile analytes and derivatives of analytical relevance. In particular, strategies described in the literature for the fabrication and modification of cellulose-based substrates with responsive materials are summarized. In addition, selected contributions reported in the field of paper-based volatile sensors are discussed, with a particular emphasis on quick response (QR) code paper-based platforms, intelligent films for food freshness monitoring, and sensor arrays for volatile discrimination purposes. Furthermore, analytical strategies devised for the determination of ionic species by in situ generation of volatile derivatives in both paper-based analytical devices (PADs) and microfluidic PADs will also be described.Universidade de Vigo/CISUGAgencia Estatal de Investigación | Ref. RTI2018-093697-B-I0

Effects of creatine supplementation in taekwondo practitioners

Introduction: Taekwondo (TKD) is a combat sport, which has also been proposed as a fitness program, with a strong anaerobic component. Creatine (Cr) supplementation is used to improve both anaerobic exercise performance and body composition. Therefore, Cr supplementation could be beneficial in TKD. Aims: To determine the effect of Cr supplementation (50 mg/kg body wt) on body composition, anaerobic power and blood chemistry in young male TKD practitioners. Methods: Ten male TKD practitioners (age [20 ± 2 yr], height [1.69 ± 0.06 m], and mass [67 ± 9.8 kg]) participated in a placebo-controlled, double blind, crossover study. Body composition (DEXA), anaerobic power (Wingate Test), blood lactate and blood chemistry were measured before and after supplementation. Differences between data before and after supplementation were calculated for each treatment (Cr and Placebo) and were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: Fat mass (kg) decreased after placebo (Mdn [IqR] = -0.75 [-1.44 to 0.03]) and increased following Cr intake (0.17 [-0.77 to 1.13] kg) (Z = 2.191, p < 0.028, r = 0.49). Serum triglyceride concentration (mg/mL) increa - sed after Cr (45.00 [-7.50 to 75.00]) and decrease with placebo (-7.00 [-10.75 to 12.00]) (Z = 2.090, p < 0.037, r = 0.47). No changes were found in others parameters. Conclusion: Cr supplementation may increase fat mass and serum triglycerides concentration in young male TKD practitioners without improvement in anaerobic power. Cr supplementation appears to be safe, but athletes should be careful when they want to loss fat

Influence of the environment on the characteristics of asthma

Environmental sciences; Health careCiències ambientals; Atenció sanitàriaCiencias Ambientales; Atención sanitariaFew studies have compared the prevalence of asthma in urban and rural settings or explored the issue of whether these two manifestations of the disease may represent different phenotypes. The aim of this study was: (a) to establish whether the prevalence of asthma differs between rural and urban settings, and b) to identify differences in the clinical presentation of asthma in these two environments. Descriptive epidemiological study involving individuals aged 18 or over from a rural (n = 516) and an urban population (n = 522). In the first phase, individuals were contacted by letter in order to organize the administration of a first validated questionnaire (Q1) designed to establish the possible prevalence of bronchial asthma. In the second phase, patients who had presented association patterns in the set of variables related to asthma in Q1 completed a second validated questionnaire (Q2), designed to identify the characteristics of asthma. According to Q1, the prevalence of asthma was 15% (n = 78) and 11% (n = 59) in rural and urban populations respectively. Sixty-five individuals with asthma from the rural population and all 59 individuals from the urban population were contacted and administered the Q2. Thirty-seven per cent of the individuals surveyed had previously been diagnosed with bronchial asthma (35% in the rural population and 40% in the urban setting). In the urban asthmatic population there was a predominance of women, a greater personal history of allergic rhinitis and a family history of allergic rhinitis and/or eczema. Asthma was diagnosed in adulthood in 74.8% of the patients, with no significant differences between the two populations. Regarding symptoms, cough (morning, daytime and night) and expectoration were more frequent in the urban population. The prevalence of asthma does not differ between urban and rural settings. The differences in exposure that characterize each environment may lead to different manifestations of the disease and may also affect its severity.MJC is supported by the Miguel Servet program of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (MSII17/00025). This project received funding from the Fundació Catalana de Pneumologia (FUCAP), FIS PI18/00344, Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) and Menarini. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript