La perspectiva de género en el análisis de la movilidad laboral: una aplicación empírica mediante un modelo logit

La influencia en la movilidad por razones laborales de las características individuales de cada persona ha sido analizada en la literatura al respecto, dedicando una especial atención a las variables género y edad como elementos determinantes de la misma. En numerosas investigaciones se constata que las mujeres presentan un nivel inferior de movilidad por razones laborales al de los hombres. El presente trabajo analiza la influencia del género sobre la movilidad laboral sobre una muestra de 5.767 personas residentes en las regiones urbanas de Andalucía, confirmando este resultado. Asimismo, se revisan las diferencias en la elección modal de hombres y mujeres respecto a la influencia de otras variables sociodemográficas, familiares e individuales, detectando diferencias notables entre ambos sexos en algunos aspectos como las distancias recorridas en desplazamientos laborales, la disposición de carne de conducir, el tamaño y tipo de municipio de residencia, el ingreso neto en la unidad familiar o el nivel educativo.The influence of individual characteristics of people have on their mobility has been largely discussed in specialized literature, with special attention to commuting (journey to work) and considering the age but also gender as a determinant of it. Numerous investigations have found that women have a lower commuting level than men. This paper analyzes the influence of gender on commuting on a sample of 5,767 people living in the urban regions of Andalusia, confirming this result. It also analyzes some of the differences in modal choice of men and women regarding the influence of other sociodemographic, family and individual variables, detecting significant differences between the sexes in some aspects such as commuting distances, in the provision of driver's licenses, size and type of municipality of residence, net income in the household or educational level

Diferencias de género en la movilidad en regiones urbanas de Andalucía

Este trabajo investiga las diferencias según género en la movilidad cotidiana de la población en las zonas urbanas de movilidad intensa, denominadas regiones urbanas de Andalucía, a partir de datos procedentes de la Encuesta social 2011: movilidad en las regiones urbanas de Andalucía realizada por el Instituto de Estadística y Cartografía de Andalucía. A lo largo del mismo, son analizadas las diferencias en las principales variables de la movilidad (motivo del viaje, modo de transporte utilizado, y tiempos dedicados a desplazamientos) y se introducen las variables explicativas de las mismas. Este trabajo destaca las diferencias de género en la movilidad de las personas, los diferentes motivos que impulsan a hombres y mujeres a realizar desplazamientos, el mayor uso del transporte público por parte de las mujeres, así como la importancia del uso del automóvil como recurso privado principal para la movilidad de las personas en Andalucía, con independencia del género, o región urbana de procedencia

Analysis and Viability of Railway Exportation to Europe from the South of Spain

AbstractMore and more companies nowadays are opting to broaden their horizons in order to offer their products or services abroad. The need for the export arises from the current economic situation, not only in the Andalusian region but also throughout the rest of Spain. While domestic demand is at a standstill, foreign trade is often the best or the only alternative to safeguard the financial survival of the company. The trading of a product beyond national borders implies requirements or demands in which risks and costs occur. This paper is focused on an important challenge, the transport, particularly the freight transport by rail. Railway transport presents interesting advantages, but also some constraints in reaching every place and potential customer. At this point, its combination or intermodality with the road system has a great value, since the road is the nexus between companies and intermodal chains where the trade takes place. This paper defines the options for the railway transport of freights from the south of Spain to Europe, and studies one particular case, to be used as a guidance for companies interested in exports

Strategies for smart and sustainable transport from a gender perspective

Mobility, and especially urban mobility, has changed drastically in recent times. This has been due, on the one hand, to the development and application of new technologies that have led to new modes of transport, fuels and resource sharing. On the other hand, the impact on mobility and logistics of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis, which has led to a decrease in the number of daily trips, changes in the choice and use of transport modes and the accelerated evolution of B2C e-commerce logistics distribution. Gender differences in mobility patterns are well known. Although the geographical, social and cultural context may influence mobility habits, and may make these gender differences more or less pronounced, the literature published over the years has identified common patterns or trends in developed countries. On the other hand, the effects of the COVID-19 crisis in the social and economic sphere have aggravated inequalities between population groups, with women being one of the most affected groups, which may accentuate this gender gap in mobility. Mobility and transport policies should aim at an efficient and sustainable use of transport modes, while ensuring road safety and equal opportunities of use. Through a strategic analysis of urban mobility from a gender perspective, strategies are identified and recommendations are offered for policy decisions in mobility planning towards smarter urban mobility.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Carbon footprint savings from free fare public transport policies. The case of Marbella.

One of the main goals of free fare public transport policy is to reduce car use by promoting other more sustainable modes of transport. The aim of this work is to develop a methodology that allows us to evaluate the carbon footprint savings derived from the implementation of these policies based on the CO2 emissions avoided by the trips captured from the car mode. To do this, we will study the case of the city of Marbella, comparing the evolution of the demand for bus trips, before and after COVID-19, with other cities that do not have free public transport. As a result, a total saving of 835.75 tonnes of CO2 emissions to the at-mosphere is estimated for the study period 2019-2022. This methodology is a useful tool to measure the effectiveness of these policies in terms of environmental impact.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

The AEMET-γSREPS over the Antarctic Peninsula and the impact of kilometric-resolution EPS on logistic activities on the continent

Número monográfico dedicado al "19th EMS Annual Meeting: European Conference for Applied Meteorology and Climatology 2019".Kilometric-resolution Ensemble Prediction Systems (EPSs) will be the new state-of-the-art forecasting tools for short-range prediction in the following decade. Their value will be even greater in Antarctica due to the increasingly demanding weather forecasts for logistic services. During the 2018–2019 austral summer (1 December–31 March), coinciding with the Southern Hemisphere Special Observation Period of the Year of Polar Prediction (YOPP), the 2.5 km AEMET-γSREPS was operationally integrated over the Antarctic Peninsula. In particular, the Antarctic version of γSREPS comes up with crossing four non-hydrostatic convection-permitting NWP models at 2.5 km with three global NWP driving models as boundary conditions. The γSREPS forecasting system has been validated in comparison with ECMWF EPS. It is concluded that γSREPS has an added value to ECMWF EPS due to both its higher resolution and its multi-boundary conditions and multi-NWP model approach. γSREPS performance has a positive impact on logistic activities at research stations and its design may contribute to polar prediction research.This research has been supported by the Departament d'Innovació, Universitats i Empresa, Generalitat de Catalunya (grant no. 2017 SGR 1102). Activities of the AEMET Antarctic Program are financially supported by the Ministry of Science of Spain

Gender differences in commuting behavior: Women's greater sensitivity

[EN] Women's greater sensitivity to changes in their environment is one of the most distinguishing features between both genders. This article raises women's greater sensitivity to the different variables which influence their commuting modal choice. In order to do this, gender gaps detected in the choice of means of transport in commuting trips with respect to the decision factors such as age, education level, driver's license, private transport access; location, household size and net income, are quantified. The results show a greater female sensitivity to the different variables that affect their modal choice, which helps to better understand the different mobility patterns and it is useful for planning measures favoring sustainable mobility policies and equity.Olmo Sánchez, M.; Maeso González, E. (2016). Gender differences in commuting behavior: Women's greater sensitivity. En XII Congreso de ingeniería del transporte. 7, 8 y 9 de Junio, Valencia (España). Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 1277-1284. https://doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2015.3405OCS1277128

Rgf1p (Rho1p GEF) is required for double-strand break repair in fission yeast

Datos de investigación en: http://hdl.handle.net/10366/146281[EN]Rho GTPases are conserved molecules that control cytoskeletal dynamics. These functions are expedited by Rho GEFs that stimulate the release of GDP to enable GTP binding, thereby allowing Rho proteins to initiate intracellular signaling. How Rho GEFs and Rho GTPases protect cells from DNA damage is unknown. Here, we explore the extreme sensitivity of a deletion mutation in the Rho1p exchange factor Rgf1p to the DNA break/inducing antibiotic phleomycin (Phl). The Rgf1p mutant cells are defective in reentry into the cell cycle following the induction of severe DNA damage. This phenotype correlates with the inability of rgf1Δ cells to efficiently repair fragmented chromosomes after Phl treatment. Consistent with this observation Rad11p (ssDNA binding protein, RPA), Rad52p, Rad54p and Rad51p, which facilitate strand invasion in the process of homology-directed repair (HDR), are permanently stacked in Phl-induced foci in rgf1Δ cells. These phenotypes are phenocopied by genetic inhibition of Rho1p. Our data provide evidence that Rgf1p/Rho1p activity positively controls a repair function that confers resistance against the anti-cancer drug Phl.CICYT, Spain [BFU2011-24683/BMC]; Junta de Castilla y León [SA073U14]. Funding for open access charge: MINECO

The AEMET-γSREPS convection-permitting LAM-EPS in Antarctica

Póster presentado en: EMS Annual Meeting: European Conference for Applied Meteorology and Climatology celebrado del 9 al 13 de septiembre de 2017 en Copenhague, Dinamarca.During the last austral summer Spanish Antarctic Campaign (1st December – 31st March), coinciding with the Southern Hemisphere Special Observation Period of the Year of Polar Prediction (YOPP), the 2.5 km AEMET-γSREPS convection-permitting LAM-EPS was integrated daily at 00 UTC up to 48 around Livingston Island (South Shetland Islands, Antarctica) with the aim to improve the forecasts and consequently making Juan Carlos I Spanish Antarctic station activities safer

An approach to gut microbiota profile in children with autism spectrum disorder

In recent years, there has been an increase in studies on the implications of gut microbiota (GM) on the behaviour of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) due to a dysbiosis in GM that can trigger onset, development or progression of ASD through the microbiota–gut–brain axis. The aim of this study is to carry out a systematic review of articles from the last 6 years that analyse GM in children with ASD compared to GM in control groups. Children with ASD showed a higher abundance of Roseburia and Candida genera, and lower abundance of Dialister, Bilophila, Veillonella, Streptococcus, Coprococcus and Prevotella genera. Those differences can be attributed to factors such as different nationalities, nature of control groups, place where the sample was taken, gastrointestinal (GI) problems or bacterial detection methods. It is still too early to define a specific GM profile of children with ASD, and future studies should focus on homogenizing the characteristics of samples and control groups. Furthermore, new multicentre studies should also focus on the impact of GM on GI physiology, neurophysiology and behaviour of children with ASD, and on performing psychometric analyses of the correlation between the severity of ASD behavioural symptoms and GM profiles