Estudio del sistema de pensiones español

Desde que finalizase la II Guerra Mundial, los países europeos han logrado instaurar el denominado Estado del Bienestar para sus ciudadanos, lo que ha conseguido mejorar sus condiciones de vida. Se han generalizado servicios básicos como la sanidad, la educación o las pensiones. Además, con el desarrollo de la Seguridad Social durante los últimos 130 años se ha tejido una red de protección social que permite hacer frente a determinadas contingencias (salud, jubilación, desempleo…), sin que ello suponga una pérdida de ingresos considerable, sobre todo para la clase trabajadora. Sin embargo, en la actualidad, son muchos los expertos que ponen en duda la sostenibilidad del sistema de reparto, debido a la globalización económica y los cambios demográficos que sufren las poblaciones de estos países. Por ello, las instituciones están tratando de realizar reformas que favorezcan su viabilidad, con el objetivo de mantener el nivel de protección existente, asegurando la cohesión social básica que tanto ha contribuido al progreso de las naciones.Departamento de Economía AplicadaGrado en Finanzas, Banca y Seguro

Thin-film composite matrimid-based hollow fiber membranes for oxygen/nitrogen separation by gas permeation

In recent years, the need to reduce energy consumption worldwide to move towards sustainable development has led many of the conventional technologies used in the industry to evolve or to be replaced by new alternatives. Oxygen is a compound with diverse industrial and medical applications. For this reason, obtaining it from air is one of the most interesting separations, traditionally performed by cryogenic distillation and pressure swing adsorption, two techniques which are very energetically expensive. In this sense, the implementation of membranes in a hollow fiber configuration is presented as a much more efficient alternative to carry out this separation. The aim of this work is to develop cost-effective multilayer hollow fiber composite membranes made of Matrimid and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) for the separation of oxygen and nitrogen from air. PDMS is used as a cover layer but can also enhance the performance of the membrane. In order to compare these two materials, three different configurations are studied. First, integral asymmetric Matrimid hollow fiber membranes were produced using the spinning method. Secondly, by using dip-coating method, a PDMS dense selective layer was deposited on a self-made polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hollow fiber support. Finally, the performance of a dual-layer hollow fiber membrane of Matrimid and PDMS was studied. Membrane morphology was characterized by SEM and separation performance of the membranes was evaluated by mixed-gas permeation experiments. The novelty presented in this work is the manufacture of hollow fiber membranes and the way Matrimid is treated. This makes it possible to develop much thinner dense layers than in the case of flat-sheet membranes, which leads to higher permeance values. This is a key factor when implementing this technology on an industrial scale. Membranes prepared in this work were compared to the current state of the art, reporting quite good performance for the dual-layer membrane, reaching O2 permeance of 30.8 GPU and O2/N2 selectivity of 4.7, with a thickness of about 5–10 μm (counting both selective layers). In addition, the effect of operating temperature on the membrane permeances has been studied experimentally; we analyze its influence on the selectivity of the separation process.This work was supported by the Spanish AEI through the project PID2019-104369RB-I00 and the European Union through the projects “HYLANTIC”-EAPA_204/2016, which is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund in the framework of the INTERREG Atlantic program, and the Project ENERGY PUSH SOE3/P3/E0865, which is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERPF) in the framework of the INTERREG SUDOE Programme

Hybridizing metric learning and case-based reasoning for adaptable clickbait detection.

[EN]The term clickbait is usually used to name web contents which are specifically designed to maximize advertisement monetization, often at the expense of quality and exactitude. The rapid proliferation of this type of content has motivated researchers to develop automatic detection methods, to effectively block clickbaits in different application domains. In this paper, we introduce a novel clickbait detection method. Our approach leverages state-of-the-art techniques from the fields of deep learning and metric learning, integrating them into the Case-Based Reasoning methodology. This provides the model with the ability to learn-over-time, adapting to different users’ criteria. Our experimental results also evidence that the proposed approach outperforms previous clickbait detection methods by a large margin

Polyether-block-amide thin-film composite hollow fiber membranes for the recovery of butanol from ABE process by pervaporation

This work reports the continuation of previous efforts to recover butanol from the ABE (acetone-butanol-ethanol) fermentation process by pervaporation (PV). A key aspect to improve the efficiency of the technology is the membrane used to perform the selective butanol separation; hence, this study focuses on the implementation of hollow fiber (HF) membrane configuration for the ABE separation by PV as opposed to flat sheet membrane configuration. The HF membrane preparation was done by dip coating, a frequently used process for the production of HF membranes, which involves the deposition of a thin film of a coating solution. Different thicknesses of the active layer were obtained by modifying the polymer content in the coating solution, allowing later to evaluate the influence of the thickness on the separation performance. This study includes a description of the procedure to prepare selective membranes, its characterization and an analysis of the influence of operating conditions on membrane separation performance. SEM and water contact angle were used to characterize the produced membranes. The mass transport phenomena in the pervaporation process were characterized using a resistances-in-series model. The results allow to adopt a criterion to select the most suitable thickness for the membrane active layer, which allows to achieve an adequate separation performance, and reveal the importance in the choice of the membrane support material. Finally, a comparative analysis of the self-made hollow fiber membranes performance in terms of flux, separation factor and PSI with respect to those found in the literature is presented.This research is being supported by the Spanish AEI under the projects PID2019-104369RB-I00 and RTI2018-093310-B-I00, and by the Project ENERGY PUSH SOE3/P3/E0865, which is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERPF) in the framework of the INTERREG SUDOE Programme. Carla Arregoitia also thanks for a FPI research scholarship (BES-2017-081708)

Wireless controller and smartphone based interaction system for electric bicycles

[EN]Throughout the last years, great improvements have been made in the automotive industry, a sector with a high impact in both economics and social environments. Many development efforts have targeted on satisfying the need of providing smart environments to the end user in vehicles, such as cars. This paper proposes a brand-new solution in the automotive field, consisting of a new product family which aims to transform the traditional bicycle to an electric bicycle using an architecture that provides an adaptive environment to the user, improving the driving experience enabling value-added services

Monitoring and analysis of vital signs of a patient through a multi-agent application system

In the medical environment, the clinical study of the most basic vital signs of a patient represents the simplest and most effective way to detect and monitor health problems. There are many diseases that can be diagnosed and controlled through regular monitoring of these medical data. The purpose of this study is to develop a monitoring and tracking system for the various vital signs of a patient. In particular, this work focuses on the design of a multi-agent architecture composed of virtual organizations with capabilities to integrate different medical sensors on an open, low-cost hardware platform. This system integrates hardware and software elements needed for the routine measurement of vital signs, performed by the patient or caregiver without having to go to a medical center

Twitter User Clustering Based on Their Preferences and the Louvain Algorithm

In this paper, a novel agent-based platform for Twitter user clustering is proposed. We describe how our system tracks the activity for a given topic in the social network and how to detect communities of users with similar political preferences by means of the Louvain Modularity. The quality of this clustering method is evaluated against a subset of human-labeled user profiles. Finally, we propose combining community detection with a force-directed graph algorithm to produce a visual representation of the political communities

Monitoring and analysis of vital signs of a patient through a multi-agent application system

In the medical environment, the clinical study of the most basic vital signs of a patient represents the simplest and most effective way to detect and monitor health problems. There are many diseases that can be diagnosed and controlled through regular monitoring of these medical data. The purpose of this study is to develop a monitoring and tracking system for the various vital signs of a patient. In particular, this work focuses on the design of a multi-agent architecture composed of virtual organizations with capabilities to integrate different medical sensors on an open, low-cost hardware platform. This system integrates hardware and software elements needed for the routine measurement of vital signs, performed by the patient or caregiver without having to go to a medical center

Diseño de una guía didáctica sobre dispositivos hardware de código abierto para estudiantes de ingeniería

Memoria ID-0114. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2016-2017

Multi Agent Application for Chronic Patients: Monitoring and Detection of Remote Anomalous Situations

The clinical study of the most basic vital signs of a patient represents the simplest and most effective way to detect and monitor health problems. There are many diseases that can be diagnosed and controlled through regular monitoring of these medical data. The purpose of this study is to develop a monitoring and tracking system for the various vital signs of a patient. In particular, this work focuses on the design of a multi-agent architecture composed of virtual organizations with capabilities to integrate different medical sensors on an open, low-cost hardware platform. This system integrates hardware and software elements needed for the routine measurement of vital signs, performed by the patient or caregiver without having to go to a medical center