Systolic blood pressure and the risk of kidney replacement therapy and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease stage 4-5

Introduction In patients with chronic kidney disease stage 4 and 5 (CKD stages 4-5) without dialysis and arterial hypertension, it is unknown if the values of systolic blood pressure (SBP) considered in control <120 mmHg are associated with kidney replacement therapy (KRT) and mortality. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, hypertensive CKD stages 4-5 patients attending the Renal Health Clinic at the Hospital Civil de Guadalajara were enrolled. We divided them into those that achieved SBP 120 mmHg), the uncontrolled group. Our primary objective was to analyze the association between the controlled group and KRT; the secondary objective was the mortality risk, and if there were subgroups of patients that achieved more benefit. Data were analyzed using Stata software, version. 15.1. Results During 2017 to 2022 a total 275 hypertensive CKD stages 4-5 patients met the inclusion criteria for the analysis, 62 in the controlled group and 213 in the uncontrolled group; mean age 61 years, 49.82% were male, SBP was significantly lower in the controlled group (111 mmHg) compared to the uncontrolled group (140 mmHg), eGFR was similar between groups (20.41 ml/min/1.73m2). There was a tendency to increase the mortality risk in the uncontrolled group (HR 6.47 [0.78-53.27]; p= 0.082) and an association by the Kaplan-Meir analysis (Log-rank p= 0.043). The subgroup analysis for risk of KRT in the controlled group revealed that patients ≥ 61 years had a lower risk of KRT (HR 0.87 [95% CI, 0-76-0.99]; p=0.03, p of interaction = 0.005), but no differences were found in the subgroup analysis for mortality. In a follow-up of 1.34 years, no association was found in the risk of KRT according to the controlled or uncontrolled groups in a multivariate Cox analysis. Conclusion In a retrospective cohort of patients with CKD stages 4-5 and hypertension, SBP >120 mmHg was not associated with risk of KRT but could be associated with the risk of death. Clinical trials are required in this group of patients to demonstrate the impact of reaching the SBP goals recommended by the KDIGO guidelines

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

4to. Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad. Memoria académica

Este volumen acoge la memoria académica de la Cuarta edición del Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad, CITIS 2017, desarrollado entre el 29 de noviembre y el 1 de diciembre de 2017 y organizado por la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (UPS) en su sede de Guayaquil. El Congreso ofreció un espacio para la presentación, difusión e intercambio de importantes investigaciones nacionales e internacionales ante la comunidad universitaria que se dio cita en el encuentro. El uso de herramientas tecnológicas para la gestión de los trabajos de investigación como la plataforma Open Conference Systems y la web de presentación del Congreso http://citis.blog.ups.edu.ec/, hicieron de CITIS 2017 un verdadero referente entre los congresos que se desarrollaron en el país. La preocupación de nuestra Universidad, de presentar espacios que ayuden a generar nuevos y mejores cambios en la dimensión humana y social de nuestro entorno, hace que se persiga en cada edición del evento la presentación de trabajos con calidad creciente en cuanto a su producción científica. Quienes estuvimos al frente de la organización, dejamos plasmado en estas memorias académicas el intenso y prolífico trabajo de los días de realización del Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad al alcance de todos y todas

Nopal mucilage as hydration agent for quicklime; extraction methods

The main objective of this research is to select an extraction method of nopal mucilage to be used as a hydration agent at a suitable concentration for slaking quicklime in order to obtain lime putties with better rheological and mechanical properties. An experimental phase was performed where different extraction methods to obtain nopal mucilage were tested. This made it possible to classify them into two groups: methods that require water to get the mucilage, and methods that obtain the mucilage directly from the plant. Galacturonic acid present in mucilage composition seemed to be the main cause of the chemical interaction between lime and mucilage. As a result, mucilage that presented the largest amount of galacturonic acid according to acid base titration curves was chosen as the best one to work with. It was concluded that the amount of galacturonic acid present in mucilage is not influenced by rising temperature and constant stirring during its extraction process, nor the nopal species or cladodes dimension. Furthermore, it was observed that mucilage viscosity obtained through the different extraction methods has a strong impact on the slaking process behavior and in the consistency of the resulting putties.Esta investigación tiene por objeto la elección de un método de extracción de mucílago de nopal para emplear a este último como agente hidratador de cal para producir cal apagada que confiera mejores propiedades reológicas y mecánicas a las pastas de cal apagada. En esta etapa se desarrolló una fase experimental que incluyó distintos métodos de extracción de mucílago de nopal siendo posible clasificarlos en dos grupos: los que emplean agua en su procedimiento y aquellos que obtienen el mucílago directamente de la planta sin adicionar otra sustancia. El ácido galacturónico parece ser la sustancia responsable de la interacción química entre el mucílago y la cal, por lo tanto, el mucilago que presentó la mayor cantidad de ácido galacturonico de acuerdo a las curvas de valoración ácido base, fue elegido. Pudo concluirse que la cantidad de ácido galacturónico presente en el mucílago de nopal no está influenciada por factores de elevación de la temperatura y agitación durante el método de extracción, ni por la especie y el tamaño de sus cladodios. Adicionalmente fue observado que la viscosidad del mucílago obtenido de los diferentes métodos de extracción tiene un impacto importante en el comportamiento del proceso de hidratación de cal y en la consistencia de las pastas de cal

Decrease in platelet count in patients with AKI and its association with major adverse kidney events

Introduction A reduction in platelet count in critically ill patients is a marker of severity of the clinical condition. However, whether this association holds true in acute kidney injury (AKI) is unknown. We analyzed the association between platelet reduction in patients with AKI and major adverse kidney events (MAKE).Methods In this retrospective cohort, we included AKI patients at the Hospital Civil of Guadalajara, in Jalisco, Mexico. Patients were divided according to whether their platelet count fell >21% during the first 10 days. Our objectives were to analyze the associations between a platelet reduction >21% and MAKE at 10 days (MAKE10) or at 30-90 days (MAKE30-90) and death.Results From 2017 to 2023, 400 AKI patients were included, 134 of whom had a > 21% reduction in platelet count. The mean age was 54 years, 60% were male, and 44% had sepsis. The mean baseline platelet count was 194 x 103 cells/µL, and 65% of the KDIGO3 patients met these criteria. Those who underwent hemodialysis (HD) had lower platelet counts. After multiple adjustments, a platelet reduction >21% was associated with MAKE10 (OR 4.2, CI 2.1-8.5) but not with MAKE30-90. The mortality risk increased 3-fold (OR 2.9, CI 1.1-7.7, p = 0.02) with a greater decrease in the platelets ( 21% reduction in platelet count was associated with MAKE. Our results are useful for generating hypotheses and motivating us to continue studying this association with a more robust design

Revista Temas Agrarios Volumen 26; Suplemento 1 de 2021

1st International and 2nd National Symposium of Agronomic Sciences: The rebirth of the scientific discussion space for the Colombian Agro.1 Simposio Intenacional y 2 Nacional de Ciencias Agronómicas: El renacer del espacio de discusión científica para el Agro colombiano

Charged-particle multiplicity fluctuations in Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV

Measurements of event-by-event fluctuations of charged-particle multiplicities in Pb–Pb collisions at sNN−−−√ = 2.76 TeV using the ALICE detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are presented in the pseudorapidity range |η|<0.8 and transverse momentum 0.2<pT<2.0 GeV/c. The amplitude of the fluctuations is expressed in terms of the variance normalized by the mean of the multiplicity distribution. The η and pT dependences of the fluctuations and their evolution with respect to collision centrality are investigated. The multiplicity fluctuations tend to decrease from peripheral to central collisions. The results are compared to those obtained from HIJING and AMPT Monte Carlo event generators as well as to experimental data at lower collision energies. Additionally, the measured multiplicity fluctuations are discussed in the context of the isothermal compressibility of the high-density strongly-interacting system formed in central Pb–Pb collisions