MÉTODOS NÃO FARMACOLÓGICOS PARA MANEJO DA DOR NA UTI NEONATAL

The intention of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of comfortable carrying and swaddling in reducing pain in premature babies. A quantitative approach was carried out, according to the hypotheses of an experimental study of the randomized and crossover clinical trial type. considering the analyzes based on the duration of the painful intervention, changes in heart rate, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation, as well as the organization according to the subsystems of autonomic, motor and behavioral development of the newborn, it was evident that there were no statistically significant differences between the facilitated restraint and diaper interventions. However, faster physiological and behavioral stability was noted during the application of facilitating restraint compared to bandaging, promoting reorganization and reducing agitation and hemodynamic changes. Facilitated support is achieved by positioning the hands simulating the fetal position. Although swaddling the newborn involves keeping the newborn's limbs flexed and the hands close to the face, an adequate thoracic excursion must be ensured, a position that must be maintained by wrapping the premature baby's body in padding or diapers, which have the function of offering greater safety during the painful procedure. This study demonstrated the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions, restraint and swaddling in pain management during procedures that cause distress in neonates.A intenção deste estudo foi analisar a eficácia do transporte confortável e do enfaixamento na redução da dor em bebês prematuros. Foi realizada uma abordagem quantitativa, segundo as hipóteses de um estudo experimental do tipo ensaio clínico randomizado e cruzado. levando em consideração as análises baseadas na duração da intervenção dolorosa, nas alterações da frequencia cardíaca, na frequencia respiratória e na saturação de oxigênio, bem como na organização de acordo com os subsistemas de desenvolvimento autonômico, motor e comportamental do recém-nascido ficou evidente que houve não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativos entre as intervenções de contenção facilitada e fralda. Porém, foi notada estabilidade fisiológica e comportamental mais rápida durante a aplicação da contenção facilitadora em comparação ao enfaixamento, promovendo reorganização e reduzindo a agitação e as alterações hemodinâmicas. A sustentação facilitada é obtida pelo posicionamento das mãos simulando a posição fetal. Embora envolver o recém-nascido envolva manter os membros do recém-nascido flexionados e as mãos próximos ao rosto deve-se garantir uma adequada excursão torácica, posição que deve ser mantida envolvendo o corpo do prematuro em estofos, fossas ou fraldas, que têm a função de oferecer maior segurança durante o procedimento dolorido. Este estudo demonstrou a eficácia de intervenções não farmacológicas, contenção e enfaixamento no manejo da dor durante procedimentos que causam sofrimento em neonatos. &nbsp

O MÉTODO CANGURÚ COMO UMA ABORDAGEM MULTIDISCIPLINAR NO CUIDADO DE NEONATOS PREMATUROS

Objective: To describe the benefits and techniques of the kangaroo method for low birth weight premature newborns. Methods: This is an integrative review study. Data collection was carried out in the Virtual Health Library (VHL) and SCIELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) databases, using the descriptors: Kangaroo Method, low birth weight newborns, newborns and nursing, with only complete articles included from 2016 onwards, in Portuguese. Results: The search in the databases resulted, after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, in only five that answered the exploration question, bringing the benefits and techniques of the kangaroo method, as well as the difficulty of its application. Final considerations: The Kangaroo Method presents benefits in several areas of Neonatal development, in addition to promoting greater bonding between mother/father and the newborn, for this it is necessary to train nursing professionals and multidisciplinary teams to improve care through the introduction of continuing education and continued for health professionals about the kangaroo method.Descrever os benefícios e técnicas do método canguru para o recém-nascido prematuro de baixo peso. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo do tipo revisão integrativa coleta dos dados foi realizada nas bases a Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e SCIELO (Scientific Eletronic Library Online), através dos descritores: Método Canguru, recém-nascidos de baixo peso, recém-nascidos e enfermagem, sendo incluídos apenas os artigos completos e partir de 2016, em língua portuguesa. Resultados: A busca nas bases de dados resultou, após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, em apenas cinco que respondiam à questão de exploração, trazendo os benefícios e técnicos do método canguru, bem como a dificuldade de sua aplicação. Considerações finais: O Método Canguru apresenta benefícios em diversas áreas do desenvolvimento Neonatal, além de promover maior ligação entre mãe / pai e o neonato, para isso é necessário capacitar os profissionais de enfermagem e equipe multiprofissional para  melhorar a assistência através da introdução de educação permanente e continuada para os profissionais de saúde sobre o método canguru

Biofunctionalized nanoparticles with pH-responsive and cell penetrating blocks for gene delivery

Bridging the gap between nanoparticulate delivery systems and translational gene therapy is a long sought after requirement in nanomedicine-based applications. However, recent developments regarding nanoparticle functionalization have brought forward the ability to synthesize materials with biofunctional moieties that mimic the evolved features of viral particles. Herein we report the versatile conjugation of both cell penetrating arginine and pH-responsive histidine moieties into the chitosan polymeric backbone, to improve the physicochemical characteristics of the native material. Amino acid coupling was confirmed by 2D TOCSY NMR and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The synthesized chitosan–histidine–arginine (CH–H–R) polymer complexed plasmid DNA biopharmaceuticals, and spontaneously assembled into stable 105 nm nanoparticles with spherical morphology and positive surface charge. The functionalized delivery systems were efficiently internalized into the intracellular compartment, and exhibited remarkably higher transfection efficiency than unmodified chitosan without causing any cytotoxic effect. Additional findings regarding intracellular trafficking events reveal their preferential escape from degradative lysosomal pathways and nuclear localization. Overall, this assembly of nanocarriers with bioinspired moieties provides the foundations for the design of efficient and customizable materials for cancer gene therapy.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pichia pastoris: a recombinant microfactory for antibodies and human membrane proteins

During the last few decades, it has become evident that the compatibility of the yeast biochemical environment with the ability to process and translate the RNA transcript, along with its capacity to modify a translated protein, are relevant requirements for selecting this host cell for protein expression in several pharmaceutical and clinical applications. In particular, Pichia pastoris is used as an industrial host for recombinant protein and metabolite production, showing a powerful capacity to meet required biomolecular target production levels in high-throughput assays for functional genomics and drug screening. In addition, there is a great advantage to using P. pastoris for protein secretion, even at high molecular weights, since the recovery and purification steps are simplified owing to relatively low levels of endogenous proteins in the extracellular medium. Clearly, no single microexpression system can provide all of the desired properties for human protein production. Moreover, chemical and physical bioprocess parameters, including culture medium formulation, temperature, pH, agitation, aeration rates, induction, and feeding strategies, can highly influence product yield and quality. In order to benefit from the currently available wide range of biosynthesis strategies using P. pastoris, this mini review focuses on the developments and technological fermentation achievements, providing both a comparative and an overall integration analysis. The main aim is to highlight the relevance and versatility of the P. pastoris biosystem to the design of more cost-effective microfactories to meet the increasing demands for recombinant membrane proteins and clinical antibodies for several therapeutic applications.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)–PLA-g–PEI amphiphilic triblock micelles for co-delivery of minicircle DNA and chemotherapeutics

The design of nanocarriers for the delivery of drugs and nucleic-acids remains a very challenging goal due to their physicochemical differences. In addition, the reported accelerated clearance and immune response of pegylated nanomedicines highlight the necessity to develop carriers using new materials. Herein, we describe the synthesis of amphiphilic triblock poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)–PLA-g–PEI (PEOz–PLA-g–PEI) micelles for the delivery of minicircle DNA (mcDNA) vectors. In this copolymer the generally used PEG moieties are replaced by the biocompatible PEOz polymer backbone that assembles the hydrophilic shell. The obtained results show that amphiphilic micelles have low critical micellar concentration, are hemocompatible and exhibit stability upon incubation in serum. The uptake in MCF-7 cells was efficient and the nanocarriers achieved 2.7 fold higher expression than control particles. Moreover, mcDNA-loaded micelleplexes penetrated into 3D multicellular spheroids and promoted widespread gene expression. Additionally, to prove the concept of co-delivery, mcDNA and doxorubicin (Dox) were simultaneously encapsulated in PEOz–PLA-g–PEI carriers, with high efficiency. Dox–mcDNA micelleplexes exhibited extensive cellular uptake and demonstrated anti-tumoral activity. These findings led us to conclude that this system has a potential not only for the delivery of novel mcDNA vectors, but also for the co-delivery of drug–mcDNA combinations without PEG functionalization.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)–PLA-g–PEI amphiphilic triblock micelles for co-delivery of minicircle DNA and chemotherapeutics

International audienceThe design of nanocarriers for the delivery of drugs and nucleic-acids remains a very challenging goal due to their physicochemical differences. In addition, the reported accelerated clearance and immune response of pegylated nanomedicines highlight the necessity to develop carriers using new materials. Herein, we describe the synthesis of amphiphilic triblock poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)–PLA-g–PEI (PEOz–PLA-g–PEI) micelles for the delivery of minicircle DNA (mcDNA) vectors. In this copolymer the generally used PEG moieties are replaced by the biocompatible PEOz polymer backbone that assembles the hydrophilic shell. The obtained results show that amphiphilic micelles have low critical micellar concentration, are hemocompatible and exhibit stability upon incubation in serum. The uptake in MCF-7 cells was efficient and the nanocarriers achieved 2.7 fold higher expression than control particles. Moreover, mcDNA-loaded micelleplexes penetrated into 3D multicellular spheroids and promoted widespread gene expression. Additionally, to prove the concept of co-delivery, mcDNA and doxorubicin (Dox) were simultaneously encapsulated in PEOz–PLA-g–PEI carriers, with high efficiency. Dox–mcDNA micelleplexes exhibited extensive cellular uptake and demonstrated anti-tumoral activity. These findings led us to conclude that this system has a potential not only for the delivery of novel mcDNA vectors, but also for the co-delivery of drug–mcDNA combinations without PEG functionalization