Organizacion: Tecnicas e Instrumentos de Analisis y Diseño en la Elaboracion de Manuales de Procedimientos Administrativos

El presente trabajo de seminario de graduación para optar al título en licenciado en administración de empresa, en donde se presenta el tema de organización y su subtema las técnicas e instrumentos de análisis y diseño en la elaboración de manuales de procedimientos y administrativos. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo general el análisis de las técnicas e instrumentos de análisis y diseño en la elaboración de manuales de procedimientos y administrativos; como específicos se mencionará la metodología de los estudios de organización y métodos, la descripción de las generalidades de organización y métodos administrativos, la determinación de los instrumentos de análisis a los sistemas administrativos y la explicación de las técnicas para la elaboración de manuales de procedimientos y manuales administrativos. El presente trabajo de seminario consta de cuatro capítulos en donde se trata de abarcar todo lo fundamental del tema en estudio. El capítulo uno metodología de los estudios de organización y métodos con sus principales temarios tales como planificación del estudio, recopilación de información, análisis de información, elaboración y presentación del informe final, y la implementación y seguimiento. El capítulo dos organización y métodos administrativos, y sus tópicos tales como conceptos, origen de organización y métodos, funciones, ubicación dentro de la empresa, personal de organización y métodos, y los obstáculos y limitaciones de la organización y métodos. El capítulo tres instrumentos de análisis a los sistemas administrativos, en donde se abarca temarios primordiales tales como el enfoque de los sistemas administrativos en las organizaciones, análisis y diseño de la distribución del trabajo, análisis y diseño de procesos y procedimientos de trabajo, análisis y diseño de portadores de información, y por último análisis y diseño de disposición de oficinas. Y el capítulo cuatro elaboración de manuales de procedimientos y administrativos con sus dos principales temarios que son elaboración de manuales de procedimientos, y elaboración de manuales administrativos. Al final del informe se presentan conclusiones, así como también las distintas fuentes bibliográficas

Who and where is the renal baroreceptor?: the connexin hypothesis

Gap junctions are emerging as a fundamental mechanism for the control of renin synthesis and release. Connexin40 is prominent in juxtaglomerular cells. When missing, it results in hyperreninemia and hypertension. Schweda et al. offer exciting data demonstrating that connexin45, a connexin with different biophysical properties, can replace connexin40 functions related to the control of renin

Aprovechamiento integral de guanacos en Península Valdés, prov. del Chubut. Estudio arqueofaunístico del sitio La Armonía (Muestreo 2)

Se presentan los resultados del análisis arqueofaunístico de los restos óseos de guanaco recogidos en el Muestreo 2 del sitio de superficie “La Armonía”, ubicado en una hoyada entre médanos a trescientos metros del mar en la costa del golfo San Matías, Península Valdés, Argentina. El muestreo, de 4 m de lado, también aportó 891 artefactos líticos variados, tiestos y materiales faunísticos correspondientes a moluscos, peces, aves, roedores y mamíferos marinos. Los restos de guanaco fueron dominantes, alcanzando un NISP de 1.151 especímenes y una densidad de 107 especímenes/m². Un total de 555 fragmentos y astillas óseas también serían de esta especie. Se discriminó un MNI de 12 individuos: dos crías de aproximadamente dos a tres meses, nueve adultos y un senil. La edad de las crías indica ocupación en verano. Diversos análisis y controles indicaron que los restos de guanaco estarían relacionados con una misma ocupación. No se registraron suficientes evidencias como para afirmar su asociación cultural con los demás materiales faunísticos y artefactuales, aunque no se descarta esa posibilidad. Se dataron huesos de guanaco que arrojaron una edad de 460 ± 40 años 14C A.P./1305-1447 años cal A.D. (2 sigmas). Los restos de guanaco presentaron evidencias de procesamiento primario a terciario e importante proporción de marcas de carnívoros. Se propone que el muestreo representaría un área de descarte secundario o basural de una ocupación veraniega de tipo campamento- base, de varios días de duración.La Armonía Site is located in a sand dune environment 300 m from the sea on the San Matías gulf coast, Península Valdés, Argentina. In this paper we present the results of the archaeofaunal analyses of guanaco bones of the La Armonía Site Sample 2, from which 891 lithic artifacts, ceramics and faunal materials of molluscs, fish, birds, rodents, and marine mammals were also recovered. Guanaco bones dominated the faunal assemblage, with 1,151 specimens and a density of 107 specimens/m². The MNI demonstrated the presence of 12 guanacos: nine adults, two offspring and one old adult. Guanacos are represented by all skeletal parts of different economic value. Eighty two percent of specimens were extensively broken, especially the long bones. Seven hundred and fifty two specimens showed different kind of marks; some related to butchering and/or meat and marrow extraction, others related to carnivore and rodent action, and the rest exhibiting more than one kind of mark. Carnivore action was important: 35% of the specimens were attacked by scavengers. A sample of guanaco bones was dated to 460 ± 40 years 14C BP/1305-1447 years cal AD (2 sigmas). We argue that La Armonía Site Sample 2 represents a primary and secondary guanaco bone discard area of a base camp occupied in the warm season over several days.Fil: Gomez Otero, Julieta. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto de Diversidad y Evolución Austral; ArgentinaFil: Marani, Hernán Ariel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Sede Puerto Madryn; ArgentinaFil: Pérez, Sergio Iván. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; Argentin

Energy Dissipation in Coronal Loops: Statistical Analysis of Intermittent Structures in Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence

The power-law energy distribution observed in dissipation events ranging from flares down to nanoflares has been associated either to intermittent turbulence or to self-organized criticality. Despite the many studies conducted in recent years, it is unclear whether these two paradigms are mutually exclusive or they are complementary manifestations of the complexity of the system. We numerically integrate the magnetohydrodynamic equations to simulate the dynamics of coronal loops driven at their bases by footpoint motions. After a few photospheric turnover times, a stationary turbulent regime is reached, displaying a broadband power spectrum and a dissipation rate consistent with the cooling rates of the plasma confined in these loops. Our main goal is to determine whether the intermittent features observed in this turbulent flow can also be regarded as manifestations of self-organized criticality. A statistical analysis of the energy, area, and lifetime of the dissipative structures observed in these simulations displays robust scaling laws. We calculated the critical exponents characterizing the avalanche dynamics, and the spreading exponents that quantify the growth of these structures over time. In this work we also calculate the remaining critical exponents for several activity thresholds and verify that they satisfy the conservation relations predicted for self-organized critical systems. These results can therefore be regarded as a bona fide test supporting that the stationary turbulent regimes characterizing coronal loops also correspond to states of self-organized criticality.Fil: Morales, Laura Fernanda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Física del Plasma. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Física del Plasma; ArgentinaFil: Dmitruk, Pablo Ariel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Gomez, Daniel Osvaldo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio(i); Argentin

The Effect of Sedentary Behavior on Arterial Stiffness in Healthy and Metabolic Syndrome Women

Overweight and obese physical stature has been associated with increased endothelial dysfunction and the development of cardiovascular disease. This dysfunction may further be progressed as this population develops Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes. To understand the mechanisms responsible for the vascular dysfunction in the Metabolic Syndrome participants in our research study, we aimed to identify if there is a difference in the Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) as an effective measurement of peripheral arterial stiffness. Previous studies show that adults with higher superficial femoral artery stiffness experienced greater perceived fatigue and thus are less likely to continue daily physical activity. PURPOSE: To determine if daily ambulatory activity, as measured by peak cadence accelerometers, is associated with carotid arterial compliance and vascular response in young sedentary healthy and Metabolic Syndrome women. METHODS: 32 sedentary control women and 7 Metabolic Syndrome women (N=39) wore an accelerometer for 7 consecutive days to determine their daily activity and sedentary phases. Carotid and radial arterial compliance was measured using Tonometry technique to gather data on PWV (m/s) in both groups of women. Each participant performed a graded handgrip exercise procedure on a dynamic handgrip device while beat-to-beat blood pressure, brachial artery diameter, and blood flow with Doppler Ultrasound and B-mode imaging were measured simultaneously. Statistical analysis included correlations between daily step activity and peripheral arterial stiffness. Additional group comparisons were analyzed by a ANOVA using Sigmastat Analysis software. RESULTS: Metabolic Syndrome women, unlike the control group of women have a positive correlation (0.760, p=0.0476) between PWV and total time of sedentary bouts. Metabolic Equivalents (METs) compared with total time in sedentary breaks displayed a stronger, positive correlation (0.637, p=0.0000882) in the group of control women than the group of Metabolic Syndrome women. Stronger, negative correlation (-0.517, p=0.00242) was also found between the average kilocalories burnt off per hour and the total time in sedentary bouts in the control group of women. The Metabolic Syndrome group have a significantly (p\u3c0.05) diminished arterial conductance in the brachial artery during handgrip conductance from rest to peak (1.5 watts). CONCLUSION: The results indicate that individuals who sustain longer sedentary periods in their daily activity, such as Metabolic Syndrome women, have higher peripheral stiffness. The increase in peripheral arterial stiffness would indicate a significant rational for the mechanisms responsible for the vascular response deficit in Metabolic Syndrome participants during the small muscle exercise. Research reported in this publication was supported by an Institutional Development Award (IDeA) from the National Institute of General Medicine Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under grant number P20GM103451

Vascular deficits in Native American Women with Metabolic Syndrome during Dynamic Exercise

Native Americans of the Southwest are predisposed to vascular diseases due to health disparate lifestyles influenced by diet, lack of exercise and decreased access to health care. These factors together may be responsible for the co-morbidities developed with Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome (MetSyn) which are indicators of early onset cardiovascular disease. In a previous study, we evaluated Native Americans (NA) diagnosed with MetSyn or Type II Diabetes and compared the sedentary control NA and Caucasians (CA) during vascular measurements of FMD. We found that NA Control and MetSyn groups exhibited a decrease in vascular function during rate to peak and % dilation in the popliteal artery. Based on these previous findings we also evaluated the reactive vascular changes in the brachial and femoral arteries during dynamic handgrip (DHG) and single leg knee-kick (SLKK) to measure of the same groups in the previous study. PURPOSE: We hypothesize that the NA population with MetSyn will have lower vascular responses due to underlying vascular function restrictions compared to CA of the same groups and that similarly the sedentary control NA women would have blunted blood flow responses as seen in the FMD data. METHODS: 24 NA (Control=10, MetSyn=10) and 28 CA (Control=15, MetSyn=12) completed two visits. MetSyn women identified with 3 out of 5 criteria (high triglycerides, HDLRESULTS: During DHG the CA Controls have no significantly difference conductance (ml/min/mmHg/100ml limb volume) compared the NA control or MetSyn groups. However, during SLKK the femoral artery conductance was significantly lower the CA MetSyn (0.0015+0.001) compared to the CA control (0.0036+0.0006) at the higher workload (p=0.03). The NA Controls and MetSyn were lower 0.0031+0.0001, and 0.0012+0.0008) at the peak exercise however the findings were not significant. CONCLUSION: MetSyn NA and CA exhibited significant differences in vascular conductance in the limbs during dynamic exercise. In addition, normal healthy sedentary NA also had lower vascular conductance compared to the CA Control group indicating an ethnic difference

Dynamic Graded Muscle Exercise in Sedentary Metabolic Syndrome Women; Effects on Cardiac Workload

Metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) individuals presented declining sensitivity to insulin (p=.0201) as calculated by insulin sensitivity index (ISI-60) measurement. The young women categorized as MetSyn were previously found to have significantly lower (ISI-60) from healthy controls (Gomez, 2018), and had higher percent body fat (p\u3c .05), diminished HDL (p\u3c .05), and higher expenditure of Kcals (p=.04) compared to controls as measured by 7 day accelerometer. Cardiovascular modification is hypothesized to involve progressive dysfunction of the insulin mediated AKT/PKB eNOS pathway. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to identify if daily sedentary activity is associated with myocardial workload in the development of the metabolic disorder. We hypothesized metabolic syndrome individuals Rate Pressure Product (RPP) would be at elevated at rest and through various workloads of small muscle exercise. METHODS: We compared daily activity to heart function in order to identify possible myocardial workload, using Rate Pressure Product (RPP) between controls and MetSyn in women (RPP= HR×SBP). Dynamic graded handgrip and single leg kick exercises were used to measure any cardiovascular deficiency between MetSyn and controls. By taking SBP and HR for every workload, we identified differences in cardiac work. RESULTS: RPP values greater than 10,000 bpm/mmHg indicated an increased risk for heart disease, where metabolic syndrome group was found to have higher RPP (p=.02) indicating that their hearts work harder. We also identified that individuals with higher RPP have had more sedentary breaks as measured by accelerometer R=.396, p=.0227, n=33. For Handgrip workloads there was a significant increase of RPP between Unloaded, 1Kg, 2Kg (pCONCLUSION:Metsyn individuals are experiencing higher myocardial workloads. We predict that sedentary lifestyles along with developing metabolic deficiency are responsible for the observed increased myocardial workload in MetSyn women

Assessment of Multiple Concussive Athletes with Dual Task Triple Stroop and Aerobic Exercise

BACKGROUND: Athletic concussion testing has mostly recently relied on a sedentary computer neurocognitive test battery called the Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT). Previous tests directly compare baseline with post-concussion analysis of patient in regards to different cognitive aspects including; working memory, processing speed, and response time. No physical tests are included in the ImPACT analysis for return-to-play action. PURPOSE: In previous studies from our lab in these populations we concluded that the combination of a physical neural impediment with cognitive tests (dual-task with balance impairment) created a greater degree of impairment not observed in the sedentary ImPACT test. However, changes in the Post-concussed group were significant but not statistically significant in the participants with 5 or more concussions without a concussion diagnosed in the past month. Thus we hypothesized that increasing the degree of neural impediment with exercise at a moderate workload during treadmill exercise while completing a neurocognitive test (Triple Stroop) would show a higher cognitive impairment in the Post-concussed participants. METHODS: In this test participants were asked to come back to the lab within a week of completing their hour long cognitive battery to assess potential neurocognitive deficits of post concussive symptoms similar to our previous work. During the follow-up visit that participants completed the battery of Triple Dual Task Stroop while on a treadmill. After a brief 4 minute walking warm up, participants were tasked with increasing their speed in one minute speed increases until they reached their age and resting heart rate calculated 60% of heart rate reserve. At that point they were given a random sequence from the 4 possible patterns of the Triple Stroop 120 question cognitive test which asks the shape, color of the work, the word color, and/or the color of the shape. RESULTS: Of those who participated in the study (9 non-concussed and 7 multi-concussed) there is significant differneces in the cognitive deficites between the two groups of control and multi-concussed tested. However, there is a time deficit on average in the multi-concussed group, 108 seconds to complete as opposed to the non-concussed (84 sec) In addition the number of correct per minute was higher in the control than the multi-concussed group.DISCUSSION: These results have shown that it takes multi-concussed participants a greater time to process the cognitive testing while having the distraction of a physical test. The ultimate concern associated with the cognitive and reaction time deficits can be that atheltic trainers and/or coaches are allowing their athletes to participate in the event placing the athlete at a greater risk for additional head injury in sports with higher incidence of concussion including football, basketball, soccer and hockey. In addition to testing non-concussed and multi-concussed athletes, we aim to conduct the procedure on those who are recently diagnosed as post-concussed to determin whether a more appropriate field test like the Triple Stroop would show a more sensitive assessment of cognitive deficit in sports concussion protocols