In vitro embryo rescue of interspecific hybrids of oil palm (Elaeis oleifera x Elaeis guineensis)

The oil palm (Elaeis guineennsis Jacq.) is the plant with major oil yield in tropical areas over the world. Pará state is the major producer of Brazil. However, the production of resistant hybrids (Elaeis oleifera x Elaeis guinennsis) to several diseases is necessary, in spite of less productive, is a viable alternative for areas where occur more aggressive diseases. The aim of this research was to rescue in vitro embryos of four varieties of interspecific hybrids of oil palm (Elaeis oleifera x Elaeis guineensis) in different media. Four varieties were tested: (1) Cj-2141; (2) CI-2061; (3) Cj-502 and (4) Cj-494. Four media were tested: (T1) half strength MS medium (½ MS), (T2) MS, (T3) MS + 0.5mg L-1 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and (T4) ½ MS+ 0.5mg.L-1 NAA and BAP. All media were supplemented with 0.17g.L-1 NaH2PO4, activated charcoal (0.25%), sucrose (3%) and solidified with phytagel (0.2%). The most germination rate of interspecific hybrids embryos was obtained on ½ MS medium, supplemented with 0.17g.L-1 NaH2PO4, activated charcoal (0.25%), sucrose (3%) and solidified with phytagel (0.2%). The variety CI-2061 presents the best capacity to develop normal seedlings.O Dendezeiro (Elaeis guineennsis Jacq.) é a oleaginosa com a maior produtividade por hectare em áreas tropicais do mundo. O estado do Pará é o maior produtor nacional. Entretanto, é necessário a produção de híbridos (Elaeis oleifera x Elaeis guineennsis) resistentes a varias doenças encontrada na área de plantio.O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi resgatar embriões de quatro variedades de híbridos interespecíficos do dendezeiro (Elaeis oleifera x Elaeis guineennsis) em diferentes meios de cultura. As seguintes variedades (CI-2061,Cj-2141,Cj-502 e Cj-492) e os meios de cultura: (1) ½ MS, (2) MS, (3) MS + 0,5 mg.L-1de ácido naftalenoacético (ANA) e 6-benzilaminopurina (BAP) e (4) ½ MS + 0,5 mg.L-1de ANA e BAP foram testados. Todos os meios de cultura foram suplementados com 0,17 g.L-1de NaH2PO4, 0,25% de carvão ativado, 3% de sacarose e solidificado com 0,2% de phytagel. A maior taxa de germinação dos embriões de híbridos interespecíficos foi obtida no meio ½ MS suplementado com 0,17 g.L-1de NaH2PO4, 0,25% de carvão ativado, 3% de sacarose e solidificado com 0,2% de phytagel. A variedade CI-2061 apresentou maior capacidade de desenvolver plântulas normais

A SUSTENTABILIDADE COMO UM VALOR

O avanço depredatório do homem sobre o meio ambiente e as consequências nocivas que isso tem causado tem levantado a discussão a respeito de quais valores devem permanecer e quais devem ser alijados. Partindo da premissa de que os indivíduos têm o seu bem-estar intimamente ligado à plena harmonia do espaço em que vivem, o estudo se utiliza do método dedutivo para enfatizar que a sustentabilidade deve ser encarada como um valor constitucional detentor de natureza multidimensional, que justifica a atuação do Poder Judiciário no amparo de interesses que sejam compatíveis com a promoção do pleno desenvolvimento da sociedade, que vai muito além do crescimento econômico expresso em valores numéricos

Diversity and conservation of fishes from karstic areas of the Jandaíra Formation in the Brazilian semiarid

Few studies have focused on non-troglomorphic fishes occurring in Brazilian caves, especially those in the Caatinga region. The present study is the first survey of fishes from karstic areas of the Jandaíra Formation in Rio Grande do Norte State, northeastern Brazil. This region is characterized by a high concentration of caves and a rich subterranean biodiversity, especially of troglobitic invertebrates, but remains considered a gap on the knowledge of the subterranean ichthyofauna in Brazil. Four field expeditions were carried out covering two dry and two rainy seasons, in 2018 and 2019, in 23 localities in small river basins along the western part of the Jandaíra Formation. A total of 829 fish specimens, none of them troglomorphic, was captured and identified as belonging to 25 species of 12 families and five orders. Amongst them, four species are endemic of the Mid-Northeastern Caatinga ecoregion, and two non-native species were recorded. Habitats were classified into three categories: superficial, associated to cave, and cave. Although no troglomorphic fish species was found in this study, we recorded 64.1% of the Apodi-Mossoró river ichthyofauna occurring in caves or associated to caves, corroborating the hypothesis that part of the ichthyofauna exploits these environments as a refuge during the dry season. In addition, we suggest conservation policies for the maintenance of subterranean and aquatic semiarid ecosystems in the Jandaira formation, which is currently under threat due to anthropogenic activities, such as mining and deforestation