12 research outputs found
Fabrication of a removable partial denture of injectable poly (ether-ether-ketone) (PEEK) made partially by a digital workflow: case report
The introduction of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing in rehabilitation with removable partial denture, enabled the emergence of new methods of fabrication of the framework and materials. In view of this, polyether-ether-ketone appears as an alternative to Cobalt-Chromium, due to its aesthetic properties, high resistance and for being non-allergic. In this sense, the present study aimed to report a clinical case where the framework of a removable partial denture was manufactured from a digital workflow, using polyether-ether-ketone as the material of choice, compared to a removable partial denture made with a cobalt-chromium framework. In this case, it was possible to perceive that the use of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing technology for the construction of a removable partial denture framework of polyether-ether-ketone resulted in a denture with adequate adaptation and good aesthetics. Patient satisfaction, comfort, retention, number of follow-up sessions, masticatory performance and quality of life were evaluated. Compared with the conventional denture, the polyether-ether-ketone framework denture provided better satisfaction and comfort. Both prostheses showed similar results in terms of masticatory performance and in terms of quality of life, however the polyether-ether-ketone framework denture showed better results. In conclusion, polyether-ether-ketone proved to be a viable material for making removable partial denture framework. However, controlled and randomized clinical trials are needed to demonstrate the benefits of this treatment as an alternative in relation to the conventional denture
Aedes-Chikungunya virus interaction : key role of vector midguts microbiota and its saliva in the host infection
Aedes mosquitoes are important vectors for emerging diseases caused by arboviruses, such as chikungunya (CHIKV). These viruses’ main transmitting species are Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus, which are present in tropical and temperate climatic areas all over the globe. Knowledge of vector characteristics is fundamentally important to the understanding of virus transmission. Only female mosquitoes are able to transmit CHIKV to the vertebrate host since they are hematophagous. In addition, mosquito microbiota is fundamentally important to virus infection in the mosquito. Microorganisms are able to modulate viral transmission in the mosquito, such as bacteria of the Wolbachia genus, which are capable of preventing viral infection, or protozoans of the Ascogregarina species, which are capable of facilitating virus transmission between mosquitoes and larvae. The competence of the mosquito is also important in the transmission of the virus to the vertebrate host, since their saliva has several substances with biological effects, such as immunomodulators and anticoagulants, which are able to modulate the host’s response to the virus, interfering in its pathogenicity and virulence. Understanding the Aedes vector-chikungunya interaction is fundamentally important since it can enable the search for new methods of combating the virus’ transmission
Salivary gland extract from Aedes aegypti improves survival in murine polymicrobial sepsis through oxidative mechanisms
Sepsis is a systemic disease with life-threatening potential and is characterized by a dysregulated immune response from the host to an infection. The organic dysfunction in sepsis is associated with the production of inflammatory cascades and oxidative stress. Previous studies showed that Aedes aegypti saliva has anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant properties. Considering inflammation and the role of oxidative stress in sepsis, we investigated the effect of pretreatment with salivary gland extract (SGE) from Ae. aegypti in the induction of inflammatory and oxidative processes in a murine cecum ligation and puncture (CLP) model. Here, we evaluated animal survival for 16 days, as well as bacterial load, leukocyte migration, and oxidative parameters. We found that the SGE pretreatment improved the survival of septic mice, reduced bacterial load and neutrophil influx, and increased nitric oxide (NO) production in the peritoneal cavity. With regard to oxidative status, SGE increased antioxidant defenses as measured by Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and glutathione (GSH), while reducing levels of the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA). Altogether, these data suggest that SGE plays a protective role in septic animals, contributing to oxidative and inflammatory balance during sepsis. Therefore, Ae. aegypti SGE is a potential source for new therapeutic molecule(s) in polymicrobial sepsis, and this effect seems to be mediated by the control of inflammation and oxidative damage
Aedes–Chikungunya Virus Interaction: Key Role of Vector Midguts Microbiota and Its Saliva in the Host Infection
Aedes mosquitoes are important vectors for emerging diseases caused by arboviruses, such as chikungunya (CHIKV). These viruses’ main transmitting species are Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus, which are present in tropical and temperate climatic areas all over the globe. Knowledge of vector characteristics is fundamentally important to the understanding of virus transmission. Only female mosquitoes are able to transmit CHIKV to the vertebrate host since they are hematophagous. In addition, mosquito microbiota is fundamentally important to virus infection in the mosquito. Microorganisms are able to modulate viral transmission in the mosquito, such as bacteria of the Wolbachia genus, which are capable of preventing viral infection, or protozoans of the Ascogregarina species, which are capable of facilitating virus transmission between mosquitoes and larvae. The competence of the mosquito is also important in the transmission of the virus to the vertebrate host, since their saliva has several substances with biological effects, such as immunomodulators and anticoagulants, which are able to modulate the host’s response to the virus, interfering in its pathogenicity and virulence. Understanding the Aedes vector-chikungunya interaction is fundamentally important since it can enable the search for new methods of combating the virus’ transmission
Evaluation of immunomodulary activity of Aedes aegypti’s saliva in a sepsis model
Sepsis is an organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated immune response to an
infection, the initial therapeutic approach to sepsis are broad spectrum antimicrobials,
which is not sufficient for control of infection, requiring association with other therapies
focused in the interruption of the inflammatory response chain, provided by the
pathogens. In this way, the Aedes Aegypti’s saliva presents immunomodulary features,
with a potential pro inflammatory cytokine inhibition, as well as the presence of nitric
oxide peptides activators. Therefore, it would be a great interest to search the saliva’s
immunomodulator effect in animal model sepses. In this regards, mices were pre
treated with Aedes aegypti saliva, and sepsis was induced by the cecal ligation and
puncture. After 12 and 24 hours, the samples were collected, and evaluated the
survival rate, bacteria level, leukocyte migration, and oxidative parameters (NO, EROs,
MDA e TEAC). The saliva improved the animal prognostic, increasing the survival rate
and weight. Furthermore, decreased the bacterial levels and increased the influx of
monocytes. The saliva, in addition, presented antioxidant effects by reducing
production of the reatives species, and increasing the antioxidant capacity, other than
decrease the lipid peroxidation. Thus, the saliva was capable to inhibit damages
caused by sepsis in animals in vivo, improving its prognostic.CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorA sepse e uma disfuncao organica causada por uma resposta imune desregulada a
uma infeccao. A mesma tem em sua abordagem terapeutica inicial a utilizacao de
antimicrobianos de amplo espectro, os quais nao sao suficientes para o controle da
infeccao, sendo necessario a busca por novas terapias focadas na interrupcao da
resposta inflamatoria em cascata produzida pela invasao e disseminacao de agentes
patogenicos. Dessa forma, a saliva do Aedes aegypti apresenta caracteristicas
imunomoduladoras, com potencial de inibicao de citocinas pro-inflamatorias, bem
como a presenca de peptideos ativadores de oxido nitrico. Com isso, seria de grande
interesse investigar o efeito imunomodulador da saliva em modelo animal de sepse.
Neste sentido, camundongos foram pre-tratados com a saliva do Aedes aegypti sendo
a sepse induzida pelo modelo de transfixacao do coto-cecal. Apos 12 e 24 horas as
amostras foram coletadas, e avaliado a sobrevida, carga bacteriana, migracao
leucocitaria e parametros oxidativo (NO, EROs, MDA, TEAC, DPPH e GSH). A saliva
melhorou o prognostico dos animais, aumentando a sobrevida e o peso. Alem disso,
reduziu a carga bacteriana e aumentou o influxo de monocitos no sangue. A saliva,
tambem, mostrou efeito antioxidante por reduzir a producao de especies reativas e
aumentar a capacidade antioxidante, alem de diminuir a peroxidacao lipidica. Assim,
a saliva foi capaz de inibir os danos causados pela sepse em animais in vivo
melhorando seu prognostico
Morphological changes in leukocytes of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection patients, Amazon, Brazil.
INTRODUÇÃO. A pandemia pelo novo coronavÃrus (SARS-CoV-2) trouxe muitas incertezas sobre quais parâmetros laboratoriais seriam mais adequados durante a evolução da COVID 19. OBJETIVOS. Correlacionar os resultados do hemograma (HGM), da relação neutrófilos/linfócitos (R N/L), da proteÃna C reativa (PCR) e dos achados morfológicos de indivÃduos diagnosticados com infecção por SARS-CoV-2 através de Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real (RT-PCR) em um laboratório particular de Belém, Pará, no perÃodo de março a setembro de 2020. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS. Estudo retrospectivo com 30 indivÃduos, de ambos os sexos, qualquer idade e queixa clÃnica, de origem domiciliar ou hospitalar que realizaram HGM, PCR e RT-PCR para COVID 19 até o 8o dia de infecção. As alterações morfológicas foram analisadas após a seleção das lâminas desses pacientes. RESULTADOS. Amostra composta por 15 homens e 15 mulheres, com idades entre 7 e 92 anos. Desses, 12/30 indivÃduos estavam em domicÃlio e 18/30 internados. As principais queixas foram febre, mal-estar geral, diarreia e desconforto respiratório. O estudo estatÃstico mostrou a existência de relação de dependência direta entre os aumentos da R N/L, PCR e necessidade de internação (p=0,0005). A análise morfológica mostrou neutrófilos hipossegmentados com granulações tóxicas, monócitos vacuolizados e linfócitos reativos com citoplasma basofÃlico. CONCLUSÃO. Nossos resultados associam os nÃveis intermediários e elevados da R N/L com o aumento de PCR e a gravidade da doença, porém, sem relação com os achados morfológicos em neutrófilos, linfócitos e monócitos que foram comuns a todos os pacientes diagnosticados até o 8o dia de infecção.INTRODUCTION. The pandemic for the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) brought many uncertainties about which laboratory parameters would be most suitable during the evolution of COVID 19. OBJECTIVES. Correlate the results of the blood count (BC), the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (N/LR), the C-reactive protein (CRP) and morphological findings of individuals diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection through Polymerase Chain Reaction in Real Time (RT-PCR) in a private laboratory in Belém, Pará, from March to September 2020. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Retrospective study with 30 individuals, of both sexes, any age and clinical complaint, of home or hospital origin who underwent BC, CRP and RT-PCR for COVID 19 until the 8th day of infection. Morphological changes were analyzed after selecting the slides for these patients. RESULTS. Sample composed of 15 men and 15 women, aged between 7 and 92 years. Of these 12/30 individuals were at home and 18/30 were hospitalized. The main complaints were fever, malaise, diarrhea and respiratory distress. The statistical study showed a direct dependency relationship between increases in N/LR, CRP and the need for hospitalization (p = 0.0005). Morphological analysis showed hyposegmented neutrophils with toxic granulations, vacuolated monocytes, and reactive lymphocytes with basophilic cytoplasm. CONCLUSION. Our results associate intermediate and elevated levels of N/LR with increased CRP and disease severity, however, unrelated to the morphological findings in neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes that were common to all patients diagnosed up to the 8th day of infection
Action mechanism and cardiovascular effect of anthocyanins: a systematic review of animal and human studies
Abstract Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are an important cause of death worldwide. Anthocyanins are a subgroup of flavonoids found in berries, flowers, fruits and leaves. In epidemiological and clinical studies, these polyphenols have been associated with improved cardiovascular risk profiles as well as decreased comorbidities. Human intervention studies using berries, vegetables, parts of plants and cereals (either fresh or as juice) or purified anthocyanin-rich extracts have demonstrated significant improvements in low density lipoproteins oxidation, lipid peroxidation, total plasma antioxidant capacity, and dyslipidemia as well as reduced levels of CVD molecular biomarkers. This review discusses the use of anthocyanins in animal models and their applications in human medicine, as dietary supplements or as new potent drugs against cardiovascular disease
Resveratrol Role in Autoimmune Disease—A Mini-Review
Autoimmune diseases are still considered to be pressing concerns due the fact that they are leaders in death and disability causes worldwide. Resveratrol is a polyphenol derived from a variety of foods and beverages, including red grapes and red wine. Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiaging properties of resveratrol have been reported, and in some animal and human studies this compound reduced and ameliorated the progression of autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, and type 1 diabetes mellitus. Thus, this review aims to summarize and critically analyze the role of resveratrol in the modulation of several organ-specific or systemic autoimmune diseases
Salivary Gland Extract from <i>Aedes aegypti</i> Improves Survival in Murine Polymicrobial Sepsis through Oxidative Mechanisms
Sepsis is a systemic disease with life-threatening potential and is characterized by a dysregulated immune response from the host to an infection. The organic dysfunction in sepsis is associated with the production of inflammatory cascades and oxidative stress. Previous studies showed that Aedes aegypti saliva has anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant properties. Considering inflammation and the role of oxidative stress in sepsis, we investigated the effect of pretreatment with salivary gland extract (SGE) from Ae. aegypti in the induction of inflammatory and oxidative processes in a murine cecum ligation and puncture (CLP) model. Here, we evaluated animal survival for 16 days, as well as bacterial load, leukocyte migration, and oxidative parameters. We found that the SGE pretreatment improved the survival of septic mice, reduced bacterial load and neutrophil influx, and increased nitric oxide (NO) production in the peritoneal cavity. With regard to oxidative status, SGE increased antioxidant defenses as measured by Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and glutathione (GSH), while reducing levels of the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA). Altogether, these data suggest that SGE plays a protective role in septic animals, contributing to oxidative and inflammatory balance during sepsis. Therefore, Ae. aegypti SGE is a potential source for new therapeutic molecule(s) in polymicrobial sepsis, and this effect seems to be mediated by the control of inflammation and oxidative damage
Salivary gland extract from Aedes aegypti improves survival in murine polymicrobial sepsis through oxidative mechanisms
Sepsis is a systemic disease with life-threatening potential and is characterized by a dysregulated immune response from the host to an infection. The organic dysfunction in sepsis is associated with the production of inflammatory cascades and oxidative stress. Previous studies showed that Aedes aegypti saliva has anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant properties. Considering inflammation and the role of oxidative stress in sepsis, we investigated the effect of pretreatment with salivary gland extract (SGE) from Ae. aegypti in the induction of inflammatory and oxidative processes in a murine cecum ligation and puncture (CLP) model. Here, we evaluated animal survival for 16 days, as well as bacterial load, leukocyte migration, and oxidative parameters. We found that the SGE pretreatment improved the survival of septic mice, reduced bacterial load and neutrophil influx, and increased nitric oxide (NO) production in the peritoneal cavity. With regard to oxidative status, SGE increased antioxidant defenses as measured by Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and glutathione (GSH), while reducing levels of the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA). Altogether, these data suggest that SGE plays a protective role in septic animals, contributing to oxidative and inflammatory balance during sepsis. Therefore, Ae. aegypti SGE is a potential source for new therapeutic molecule(s) in polymicrobial sepsis, and this effect seems to be mediated by the control of inflammation and oxidative damage