Qualidade de vida no trabalho em enfermagem: que conceito?

O objectivo principal deste trabalho é a revisão de literatura no que concerne ao conceito de Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho (QVT) em Enfermagem, tendo sido utilizados diversos recursos, tais como a pesquisa em livros, em bases de dados digitais (tais como a EBSCO, Medline) e web sites (Eurofound, World Health Organization). Os idiomas de pesquisa utilizados foram essencialmente o português, inglês e o castelhano. Podemos referir, como principais conclusões, que a QVT apresenta-se, em parte, sob a forma de grandes níveis de satisfação dos trabalhadores, e pode ser orientada por quatro objectivos: a segurança na progressão da carreira e emprego, a conciliação da vida profissional com a vida pessoal, a saúde e bem-estar dos profissionais e o desenvolvimento das suas capacidades e competências; deve ter como objectivo último a realização pessoal dos trabalhadores na sua profissão. Para que esta realização seja possível, é necessário ter em conta diversos factores, tais como o sentido de pertença à organização, a recompensa, o demonstrar uma maior autonomia e controlo sobre funções, o desenvolvimento de capacidades intelectuais e de formação contínua, a possibilidade de progredir na carreira e o alcance de um equilíbrio entre as diversas dimensões da vida do trabalhador. Os enfermeiros, enquanto cuidadores, não devem ser esquecidos da própria prática de cuidados, visto que, o profissional que apresente níveis superiores de QVT vai demonstrar maior empenho para com a organização que o acolhe e com os seus alvos de acção – a Pessoa e as relações de cuidados com ela estabelecidas. Para a melhoria da qualidade de cuidados, o enfermeiro deve então realizar-se, tanto a nível pessoal como profissional, através das suas experiências na prática, contribuindo, igualmente desse modo, para o bom funcionamento das organizações.The purpose of this study is the literature review regarding the concept of Quality of Nursing Working Life (QNWL), using several resources such as books, digital databases (for example Ebsco, Medline) and web sites (Eurofound, World Health Organization). Essentially, the research languages used were the Portuguese, English and Spanish. The main conclusions refer that the Quality of Working Life (QWL) can present itself, in the form of high levels of workers’ satisfaction, and be guided by four goals: security in career development and employment, personal and professional life conciliation, workers’ health and well-fare and skills and competences development; the principal aim should be the workers personal realization. For this realization to be possible, it is necessary to have some factors in mind, such as the sense of belonging to the organization, the reward, demonstration of higher autonomy and control over functions, the development of intellectual abilities and training, the possibility of career progression and achieving a balance between the various dimensions of the worker’s life. The nurses, as caregivers, should not be forgotten from the care practice, for the reason that, the professional who presents higher levels of QWL will demonstrate higher commitment to the organization and its action target – the Person and the care relationships that are established. To improve care quality through practice experience, the nurses should achieve stability in the professional and personal level, thereby contributing for the high-quality performance of the organizations

Desenvolvimento de competências relacionais de ajuda em estudantes de enfermagem: factores preditivos

The issues of competence, autonomy and identity acquire different meaning during the frequency of Higher Education, taking on greater importance at certain times of a student’s development. In the process of developing the complex interaction of student / teacher (tutors and nurses) the proximity between the two becomes crucial when considering the various contexts in which the training process occurs, the school and hospital (clinical practice). The objective of this study is examining the predictive factors of relational aid skills, the perception of the teaching-learning process, the variables socio-vocational and academic (mobility status, average of candidature, year of frequency of the course, satisfaction with the course and school, option of the course and school) had on the development of relational aid skills among students. The sample was constituted by 213 nursing students from a Nursing School integrated in a University and one of inclusion criteria was to have participated at least once in a hospital clinical practice. In this group the Questionnaire on the Students Perceptions of Teaching-Learning Process (PEA) and the Inventory of Relational Aid Skills (ICRA) was applied. These results suggest that the development of relational aid skills (in the four indicators: generic, empathic, communication and contact skills) is mainly associated with the variables: generic skills, empathic skills, communication skills, contact skills, satisfaction with the course, option of the school, year of course, essays / reading and teachers commitment. These values suggest that the development of relational aid skills, associated with generic, empathic and communication skills, are not independent of personal, socio-vocational and contact skills of the student’s as well as the teaching-learning process

Physical Activity, Resilience, Sense of Coherence and Coping in People with Multiple Sclerosis in the Situation Derived from COVID-19

The confinement forced by COVID-19 can have repercussions on the health of people diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. The objective of this study is to analyze the relationships between physical activity, a sense of coherence, resilience and coping among people diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis during the health emergency situation. To achieve this goal, this transversal descriptive study included 84 patients that belonged to multiple sclerosis associations during the period of confinement. Participants filled out the Physical Activity (IPAQ-SF), Sense of Coherence (SOC-13), Resilience Scale (ER-14) and coping (COPE-28) questionnaires. The results showed that the average age was 46.9 and that 67.9% had Relapsing Remittent Multiple Sclerosis diagnosed on average 13.9 years ago. They had a high degree (33.3%) and moderate degree (34.5%) of physical activity, high levels of resilience, while the level of a sense of coherence was average and the most commonly used strategies for coping were active confrontation and religion. Physical activity was not related to the rest of the studied variables, but there were correlations between the other variables. The people with multiple sclerosis who belong to patient associations have remained physically active during the obligatory confinement period and have elevated degrees of resilience and an average sense of coherence, as well as using suitable coping strategies, which is why the social-health resource of belonging to a patient association could be boosting these variables that are beneficial to their health.S

Implications of gut and oral microbiota in neuroinflammatory responses in Alzheimer's disease

[EN] A diverse and stable microbiota promotes a healthy state, nevertheless, an imbalance in gut or oral bacterial composition, called dysbiosis, can cause gastrointestinal disorders, systemic inflammatory states and oxidative stress, among others. Recently, gut and oral dysbiosis has been linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is considered the most common form of dementia and a public health priority due to its high prevalence and incidence. The aim of this review is to highlight the implications of gut and oral microbiota in the neuroinflammation characteristic of AD pathology and the subsequent cognitive impairment. It is a systematic review of the current literature obtained by searching the PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases. The characteristic intestinal dysbiosis in AD patients leads to increased permeability of the intestinal barrier and activates immune cells in the central nervous system due to translocation of microbiota-derived metabolites and/or bacteria into the circulation leading to increased neuroinflammation and neuronal loss, thus generating the cognitive impairment characteristic of AD. The presence in the central nervous system of Porphyromonas gingivalis can cause an increased neuroinflammation and beta-amyloid peptide accumulation.S

Qualidade de vida no trabalho em enfermagem : implicações para a prática de cuidados

Documentos apresentados no Encontro Nacional de Enfermagem, em Sintra, 2010A Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho (QVT) apresenta-se, em parte, sob a forma de grandes níveis de satisfação dos trabalhadores, e pode ser orientada por quatro objectivos: a segurança na progressão da carreira e emprego, a conciliação da vida profissional com a vida pessoal, a saúde e bem-estar dos profissionais e o desenvolvimento das suas capacidades e competências; deve ter como objectivo último a realização pessoal dos trabalhadores na sua profissão. Para que esta realização seja possível, é necessário ter em conta diversos factores, tais como o sentido de pertença à organização, a recompensa, o demonstrar uma maior autonomia e controlo sobre funções, o desenvolvimento de capacidades intelectuais e de formação contínua, a possibilidade de progredir na carreira e o alcance de um equilíbrio entre as diversas dimensões da vida do trabalhador. Os enfermeiros, enquanto cuidadores, não devem ser esquecidos da própria prática de cuidados, visto que, o profissional que apresente níveis superiores de QVT vai demonstrar maior empenho para com a organização que o acolhe e com os seus alvos de acção – a Pessoa e as relações de cuidados com ela estabelecidas. A avaliação da QVT em Enfermagem poderá constituir um indicador para que a percepção dos enfermeiros sobre si próprios se modifique, no sentido de aumentar a qualidade de cuidados no sector da saúde e melhorar condições de trabalho. Para a melhoria da qualidade de cuidados, o enfermeiro deve então realizar-se, tanto a nível pessoal como profissional, através das suas experiências na prática, contribuindo, igualmente desse modo, para o bom funcionamento das organizações