Room-temperature ferromagnetism in nanoparticles of superconducting materials

Nanoparticles of superconducting YBa2Cu3O7-delta (YBCO) (Tc = 91 K) exhibit ferromagnetism at room temperature while the bulk YBCO, obtained by heating the nanoparticles at high temperature (940 degree C), shows a linear magnetization curve. Across the superconducting transition temperature, the magnetization curve changes from that of a soft ferromagnet to a superconductor. Furthermore, our experiments reveal that not only nanoparticles of metal oxides but also metal nitrides such as NbN (Tc = 6 - 12 K) and delta-MoN (Tc ~ 6 K) exhibit room-temperature ferromagnetism.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figure

Prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients on metformin therapy in a tertiary care hospital

Background: The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency and presence of peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes patients on metformin treatment.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in Department of Biochemistry and Medicine in a tertiary care teaching hospital in south India. Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients diagnosed based on World Health Organization (WHO) criteria treated with metformin for more than 6 months were included in the study. B12 levels were estimated and DNS scoring, vibration perception test and 10 gm Semmes-Weinstein monofilament test done.Results: A total of 55 participants were identified. Most of them were on 1500 mg of metformin once a day in divided dose. In this study maximum number of participants are in the age group of 50-70 years. Peripheral neuropathy is seen in 43.9% of persons with normal B12 levels and 28.5% of persons with low B12 levels. A Chi square test showed a chi square statistic value of 1.8221 with a p value of 0.312 which is not significant. Univariate analysis showed vitamin B12 deficient patients are of significantly higher age (63 years versus 57 years p=0.01) and with higher duration of treatment (9 years versus 6 years p=0.01).Conclusions: Prolonged metformin therapy is associated with deficiency of vitamin B12. The prevalence of B12 deficiency among diabetic patients on metformin was found to be 25.45%. Routine B12 estimation and correction of low B12 levels will be beneficial to these patients. Earlier initiation of B12 in patients on metformin may prevent the onset of neurological damage

VHDL DESIGN FOR IMAGE SEGMENTATION USING LOG GABOR FILTER FOR DISEASE DETECTION

Tonsillitis, Tumor and many more skin diseases can be detected in its early-state and can be cured. For this a new idea for efficient Gabor filter design with improved data transfer rate, efficient noise reduction, less power consumption and reduced memory usage is proposed in this paper. The filter design is suitable for detecting the early stages of disease using textural properties of anatomical structures. The code for Log Gabor filter will be developed in VHDL using Modelsim and then implemented on SPARTAN-3E FPGA kit. These systems must provide both highly accurate and extremely fast processing of large amounts of image data

Applied and Environmental Microbiology Journal: A Bibliometric Perception

This study evaluates the Applied and Environmental Microbiology Journal (AEMJ). It is a biweekly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by American Society for Microbiology. It was established in 1953 as Applied Microbiology and obtained its current name in 1975. The American Society for Microbiology is the largest single life science, society, composed of over 47,000 scientists and health professionals. ASM\u27s mission is to promote and move forward the microbial sciences. The present bibliometrics study was 15291 scholarly research articles published in ‘Applied and Environmental Microbiology Journal, during the period 2001-2015. The collected data were analyzed with the help of ‘Bibexcel tool’. The references were collected from Mendeley. The learning also applied statistical tools such as, block wise distribution, Key word wise analysis, Country Collaboration and BRICS country collaboration

Study of histopathological spectrum of gallbladder in cholecystectomy specimens

Background: Cholecystitis is one of the most common indications for abdominal surgery. Routine examination of gallbladder grossly and microscopically shows lot of interesting findings. This study aims to quantify the various outcomes of routine gallbladder examination following cholecystectomy procedure.Methods: All clinical details and data from case sheet and patient history are collected and analysed for all the patients who underwent cholecystectomy surgery in the Department of General Surgery, Govt. Omandurar Medical College, Chennai, from August 2017 to August 2018. The Study period of this study was from August 2017 to August 2018. Three sections each from neck, body and fundus taken. Tissues were processed in automated tissue processor and paraffin blocks made. Statistical analysis of the data was done.Results: Total number of specimens received were 36. And among the cases the number of females were 33 and the number of males were 3. The number of cases of calculous cholecystitis were 31 and the number of cases with pigment stones were 26, number of cases with cholesterol stone were 2 and the number of cases with mixed stones were 3. The number of cases of acalculous cholecystitis were 5. The number of cases of cholecystectomy by laproscopy were 30 whereas the number of cases of cholecystectomy by open procedure were 6. Chronic cholecystitis was seen in 34 cases and chronic cholecystitis with stones was seen in 29 cases and chronic cholecystitis without stones was seen in 5 cases and Acute on chronic cholecystitis with pigment stone was seen in 1 case and xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis with pigment stone was seen in 1 case.Conclusions: The risk factors for developing chronic cholecystitis was seen in female gender. The predominant histomorphological pattern seen in this study group is chronic calculous cholecystitis. And the predominant type of stone found in this study is pigment stone compared to mixed and cholesterol stone

A Robust Grey Wolf-based Deep Learning for Brain Tumour Detection in MR Images

In recent times, the detection of brain tumour is a common fatality in the field of the health community. Generally, the brain tumor is an abnormal mass of tissue where the cells grow up and increase uncontrollably, apparently unregulated by mechanisms that control cells. A number of techniques have been developed so far; however, the time consumption in detecting brain tumor is still a challenge in the field of image processing.  This paper intends to propose a new detection model even accurately. The model includes certain processes like Preprocessing, Segmentation, Feature Extraction and Classification. Particularly, two extreme processes like contrast enhancement and skull stripping are processed under initial phase, in the segmentation process, this paper uses Fuzzy Means Clustering (FCM) algorithm. Both Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) as well as Gray-Level Run-Length Matrix (GRLM) features are extracted in feature extraction phase. Moreover, this paper uses Deep Belief Network (DBN) for classification. The DBN is integrated with the optimization approach, and hence this paper introduces the optimized DBN, for which Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) is used here.  The proposed model is termed as GW-DBN model. The proposed model compares its performance over other conventional methods in terms of Accuracy, Specificity, Sensitivity, Precision, Negative Predictive Value (NPV), F1Score and Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC), False negative rate (FNR), False positive rate (FPR) and False Discovery Rate (FDR), and proven the superiority of proposed work.

Morphological changes in red blood cells as a marker of oxidative stress in rheumatoid arthritis and antioxidants as add on therapy to standard treatment in reversal of the changes - a randomized, open label, comparative pilot study.

AIM: To evaluate morphological changes in red blood cells due to oxidative stress in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and to study the efficacy of Antioxidants(Vitamin C and E) as an add on therapy to standard treatment in the management of these patients compared to standard treatment alone. METHODOLOGY: This was an open label randomised comparative pilot study. In this study 96 patients were screened, 60 patients were included. They were randomly divided into 30 each in study and control group. Control group received T. Hydroxy chloroquine 400mg OD and T. Indomethacin 25 mg BD (standard treatment), study group received standard treatment plus T. Vitamin C 500mg + C. Vitamin E 400mg for 8 weeks. They were followed for 4 weeks. Improvement of patients was monitored by RBC morphological assessment, pain by visual analogue scale, tender joint score, swollen joint score, Disease activity score 28, Inflammatory markers (ESR, CRP), and haemoglobin level every 4 weeks till 12 weeks. RESULTS: All the 60 patients included in this study completed the study. After 8 weeks of treatment in the study group there is statistically significant improvement in pain score, tender joint score, swollen joint score and DAS score. Similarly, statistically significant reduction in inflammatory markers like ESR, CRP and significant improvement in Haemoglobin level were seen. In the follow up period the improvement in study group was sustained. CONCLUSION: RBC morphology as a biomarker of oxidative stress and adding antioxidant to regular treatment is cost effective and novel approach to the treatment of Rheumatoid arthritis

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY ON FRESH AND DRIED Zingiber officinale Rosc

The present study to investigate the antimicrobial activity, from rhizome fresh and dried Zingiber officinale Rosc. In the present study to observe the antibacterial activity using the microorganisms such as E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, K. pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeroginosa were studied by using disc diffusion method. The maximum zone of inhibition were observed in K. pneumoniae (25 mm), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (24 mm), Pseudomonas aeroginosa and E. coli each showed 22 mm. The antifungal activity carried out by using the microorganisms Aspergillus flavus, A. terreus, Penicillum sp and Fusarium sp were studied by using agar well diffusion method. The maximum zone of inhibition were observed at the concentration of 100 µg of fresh sample against Fusarium sp (14 mm) followed by A. flavus (12 mm), A. terreus (10 mm) and Penicillum sp (10 mm). &nbsp