Un portal de magia con la matemática. Comprensión de textos / A portal of magic with mathematics. Understanding of texts

This article aims to point out the influence of reading comprehension in learning mathematics, this being an area where students show higher degree of difficulty, in the first part the importance of reading and access to knowledge was examined, the same that provides greater opportunity for the future, forming free people. It was noted that reading comprehension is treated in the area of language and literature, totally isolated from other subjects or areas of the curriculum, leaving the understanding of scientific texts. The mathematical vocabulary is harder to understand. The development of reading comprehension strategies facilitates student learning in any educational area, this being a tool for independent learning.Este articulo pretende señalar la influencia  que tiene la comprensión lectora en el aprendizaje de la matemática, siendo esta un área donde los estudiantes muestran mayor grado de dificultad, en la primera parte se examinó la importancia de la lectura y su acceso al conocimiento, el mismo que brinda mayor  oportunidad para el futuro, formando personas libres. Se señaló que la comprensión lectora es tratada en el área de  lengua y literatura, totalmente aislada de las otras materias o áreas  del currículo, abandonando la comprensión de textos científicos. El vocabulario matemático es más difícil de entender. El desarrollo de estrategias de comprensión lectora facilita el aprendizaje de los estudiantes, en cualquier área educativa, siendo esta una herramienta para el aprendizaje autónomo

Educación ambiental y sociedad. Saberes locales para el desarrollo y la sustentabilidad

EL LIBRO PERMITE REFLEXIONAR SOBRE LA IMPORTANCIA DE FOMENTAL LA EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL PARA RESOLVER LA PROBLEMÁTICA AMBIENTALEL LIBRO PRESENTA DIFERENTES TRABAJOS QUE ESTUDIAN EL TEMA D ELA SUSTENTABILIDAD, ENFATIZANDO LA IMPORTANCIA DE LA EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL Y LA TRANSDISCIPLINANINGUN

EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL Y SOCIEDAD. SABERES LOCALES PARA EL DESARROLLO Y LA SUSTENTABILIDAD

Este texto contribuye al análisis científico de varias áreas del conocimiento como la filosofía social, la patología, la educación para el cuidado del medio ambiente y la sustentabilidad que inciden en diversas unidades de aprendizaje de la Licenciatura en Educación para la Salud y de la Maestría en Sociología de la SaludLas comunidades indígenas de la sierra norte de Oaxaca México, habitan un territorio extenso de biodiversidad. Sin que sea una área protegida y sustentable, la propia naturaleza de la región ofrece a sus visitantes la riqueza de la vegetación caracterizada por sus especies endémicas que componen un paisaje de suma belleza

Description of activities and school participation of patients with cerebral palsy at the Institute of Orthopedic Infantile Roosevelt

Objetivo: Describir las actividades de participación en el ámbito escolar de los pacientes con parálisis cerebral atendidos en el Instituto de Ortopedia Infantil Roosevelt, Bogotá, Colombia. Metodología: se tomaron 279 pacientes con diagnóstico de parálisis cerebral evaluados en el Instituto de ortopedia Infantil Roosevelt con escala funcional GMFM-66, que estuvieran recibiendo algún tipo de instrucción (educación regular o especial) en instituciones educativas. Se aplicó un cuestionario telefónico de módulos adaptados de cuestionario PEDI (Pediatric Evaluation Disability Inventory) en el cuidador principal, previo consentimiento verbal vía telefónica. Muestreo por conveniencia, estudio tipo corte o transversal. Para la descripción se utilizaron tablas de frecuencia con porcentajes. Para las variables continuas se utilizaron promedios con desviaciones estándar (DE). Se realizaron estudios de correlación, utilizando el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman. Para las variables cualitativas se hizo una correlación determinada por la aplicación de tablas de 2 x 2. Se realizó análisis de varianza (ANOVA) para comparar GMFM66 con los grupos de variables. Para el análisis estadístico se usó el paquete estadístico SPSS 18.0 Resultados: 279 pacientes con edad promedio de 9,72±3,9 años; 61,8% de sexo masculino. La mayoría vinculados a colegio con educación regular (64,3%, n=180), el 21,8% a colegio especial (n=60) y 13,9% a jardín (n=39). El puntaje promedio del GMFM66 fue de 47,11±15,8. Al comparar el desempeño promedio del GMFM66 según género no se encontraron diferencias significativas (p=0,923). Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre el promedio de GMFM 66 según movilidad (p<0,001), e higiene sanitario (p<0,001). Conclusiones: No existió relación significativa entre nivel de función motora y género. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas con las técnicas de higiene personal y movilidad con respecto a la evaluación funcional motora, actividades para las cuales una rehabilitación de la función motora podría tener alto impacto beneficiando así al paciente y su cuidador.Objective: To describe participation activities at school in patients with diagnosis of cerebral palsy who attended the Roosevelt´s Institute of Pediatric Orthopedics in Bogotá Colombia Methodology: 279 patients with diagnosis of cerebral palsy were included in a transverse-designed study, who had evaluation of motor performance with GMFM-66 score; and who received any kind of education (regular or special). A modified PEDI (Pediatric Evaluation Disability Inventory) survey was applied by phone call to the main caregiver. Patients were selected by convenience. For description purposes, frequency tables with percentages were use; for continuous variables, standard deviation scores were used. Spearman correlation quotients were applied. For qualitative analysis, 2 by 2 tables were applied. ANOVA was applied for analysis between GMFM-66 scores, and mobility, transference, hygiene and communication variables. Statistics software SPSS 18.0 was used Results: mean age was 9,72±3,9 years; 61,8% male gender. Most attending a regular school (64,3%, n=180), 21,8% at special school (n=60) and 13,9% at kindergarden (n=39). Mean GMFM-66 was 47,11±15,8. There were no statistical differences between mean GMFM-66 performance according to gender (p=0,923). There were statistically significant differences between mean GMFM 66 score compared to mobility (p<0,001), and hygiene (p<0,001). Conclusion: There were no statistical difference between GMFM-66 scores and gender. There were statistically significant differences between hygiene techniques and mobility compared to GMFM-66 scores, activities in which a rehabilitation-directed intervention could have a great impact in school participation for cerebral palsy patients, benefiting them and their families

Dielectron and heavy-quark production in inelastic and high-multiplicity proton–proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV

The measurement of dielectron production is presented as a function of invariant mass and transverse momentum (pT) at midrapidity (|ye| < 0.8) in proton–proton (pp) collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 13 TeV. The contributions from light-hadron decays are calculated from their measured cross sections in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV or 13 TeV. The remaining continuum stems from correlated semileptonic decays of heavy-flavour hadrons. Fitting the data with templates from two different MC event generators, PYTHIA and POWHEG, the charm and beauty cross sections at midrapidity are extracted for the first time at this collision energy: dσcc¯/dy|y=0 = 974 ± 138 (stat.) ± 140 (syst.) ± 214(BR) μb and dσbb¯ /dy|y=0 = 79 ± 14 (stat.) ± 11 (syst.) ± 5(BR) μb using PYTHIA simulations and dσcc¯/dy|y=0 = 1417 ± 184 (stat.) ± 204 (syst.) ± 312(BR) μb and dσbb¯ /dy|y=0 = 48 ± 14 (stat.) ± 7 (syst.) ± 3(BR) μb for POWHEG. These values, whose uncertainties are fully correlated between the two generators, are consistent with extrapolations from lower energies. The different results obtained with POWHEG and PYTHIA imply different kinematic correlations of the heavy-quark pairs in these two generators. Furthermore, comparisons of dielectron spectra in inelastic events and in events collected with a trigger on high charged-particle multiplicities are presented in various pT intervals. The differences are consistent with the already measured scaling of light-hadron and open-charm production at high charged-particle multiplicity as a function of pT. Upper limits for the contribution of virtual direct photons are extracted at 90% confidence level and found to be in agreement with pQCD calculations

Measurement of electrons from semileptonic heavy-flavour hadron decays at midrapidity in pp and Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV

The differential invariant yield as a function of transverse momentum (pT) of electrons from semileptonic heavy-flavour hadron decays was measured at midrapidity in central (0–10%), semi-central (30–50%) and peripheral (60–80%) lead–lead (Pb–Pb) collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV in the pT intervals 0.5–26 GeV/c (0–10% and 30–50%) and 0.5–10 GeV/c (60–80%). The production cross section in proton–proton (pp) collisions at √s = 5.02 TeV was measured as well in 0.5 < pT < 10 GeV/c and it lies close to the upper band of perturbative QCD calculation uncertainties up to pT = 5 GeV/c and close to the mean value for larger pT. The modification of the electron yield with respect to what is expected for an incoherent superposition of nucleon–nucleon collisions is evaluated by measuring the nuclear modification factor RAA. The measurement of the RAA in different centrality classes allows in-medium energy loss of charm and beauty quarks to be investigated. The RAA shows a suppression with respect to unity at intermediate pT, which increases while moving towards more central collisions. Moreover, the measured RAA is sensitive to the modification of the parton distribution functions (PDF) in nuclei, like nuclear shadowing, which causes a suppression of the heavy-quark production at low pT in heavy-ion collisions at LHC