6,681 research outputs found
Thermophysical properties of sodium
Assessment is given of physical and thermodynamic properties of sodium. FORTRAN subroutine computes enthalphy and entropy of sodium in given state, and composition, molecular weight, volume, and compressibility factor of corresponding vapor. Tabular results for saturated liquid and vapor are presented for a 500-2500 degree F range
Charge Determination of High Energy Electrons and Nuclei by Synchrotron Radiation with AMS
We investigate the possibilities to identify the charge of TeV electrons and
PeV nuclei using their synchrotron radiation in the earth's magnetic field.
Characteristics of synchrotron radiation photons are evaluated and methods of
detection are discussed.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figure
Endangered Species and Migratory Bird Treaty Act Considerations in Rodenticide Registration and Use
The Endangered Species Act and the Migratory Bird Treaty Act protect wildlife from injury or harm resulting from human activities, including pesticide use. In administering these laws, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) advises federal and state agencies, and private landowners and organizations of ways in which to minimize the adverse effects of rodenticides upon threatened and endangered species, and migratory birds. Technical assistance and formal consultation with USFWS can occur on both the registration and use of a rodenticide, and may result in general mitigation to the overall labeled use of a product, or site-specific modification based on the presence of a sensitive species or habitat. To date, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, which is the federal agency responsible for registering pesticides, has consulted with the USFWS on rodenticide registrations limited to local areas (e.g., Special Local Needs registrations). However a comprehensive assessment of potential effects to threatened and endangered species and sensitive populations of migratory birds has not been completed to date for any currently registered rodenticide. Thus, reliance solely on labeled use restrictions may not adequately protect vulnerable species of wildlife. Rodenticides have been associated with mortality incidents involving the endangered San Joaquin kit fox, the previously endangered bald eagle and peregrine falcon, and numerous species of migratory birds
Precision laser range finder system design for Advanced Technology Laboratory applications
Preliminary system design of a pulsed precision ruby laser rangefinder system is presented which has a potential range resolution of 0.4 cm when atmospheric effects are negligible. The system being proposed for flight testing on the advanced technology laboratory (ATL) consists of a modelocked ruby laser transmitter, course and vernier rangefinder receivers, optical beacon retroreflector tracking system, and a network of ATL tracking retroreflectors. Performance calculations indicate that spacecraft to ground ranging accuracies of 1 to 2 cm are possible
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An acidic fibroblast growth factor protein generated by alternate splicing acts like an antagonist.
Polymerase chain reaction amplification of cDNA for acidic fibroblast growth factor in several lines of cultured human cells revealed two forms of mRNA. The novel smaller mRNA lacks the entire second coding exon of the acidic fibroblast growth factor gene, whereas the previously identified mRNA consists of three coding exons. The truncated variant of acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF') is only 60 amino acids long with an apparent molecular mass of 6.7 kD on sodium dodecyl sulfate gels in contrast to 18 kD for the full-length acidic fibroblast growth factor. aFGF' elicits only minimal fibroblast proliferation and antagonizes the effects of acidic fibroblast growth factor when added exogenously to or when coexpressed with aFGF in BALB/c/3T3 fibroblasts. Thus, the truncated variant of acidic fibroblast growth factor may provide fibroblasts with a unique mechanism for endogenous regulation of their responses to acidic fibroblast growth factor
Interference Between Cabibbo Allowed and Doubly Forbidden Transitions in D\ra K_{S,L} + \pi 's Decays
Both Cabibbo allowed and doubly forbidden transitions contribute coherently
to decays. This leads to several intriguing and
even quantitatively significant consequences, among them: (i) A difference
between and and between and of roughly 10\% ; similarly , and more generally . (ii) A
change in the relative phase between the isospin 3/2 and 1/2 amplitudes as
extracted from the observed branching ratios for ,
. (iii) If New Physics intervenes to
provide the required {\em weak} phase, then CP asymmetries of up to a few per
cent can arise in vs. ,
vs. , vs. , etc.; an
asymmetry of the same size, but opposite in sign occurs when the is
replaced by a in the final state.Comment: 6 pages, latex, no figure
The convergence of radiation and immunogenic cell death signaling pathways.
Ionizing radiation (IR) triggers programmed cell death in tumor cells through a variety of highly regulated processes. Radiation-induced tumor cell death has been studied extensively in vitro and is widely attributed to multiple distinct mechanisms, including apoptosis, necrosis, mitotic catastrophe (MC), autophagy, and senescence, which may occur concurrently. When considering tumor cell death in the context of an organism, an emerging body of evidence suggests there is a reciprocal relationship in which radiation stimulates the immune system, which in turn contributes to tumor cell kill. As a result, traditional measurements of radiation-induced tumor cell death, in vitro, fail to represent the extent of clinically observed responses, including reductions in loco-regional failure rates and improvements in metastases free and overall survival. Hence, understanding the immunological responses to the type of radiation-induced cell death is critical. In this review, the mechanisms of radiation-induced tumor cell death are described, with particular focus on immunogenic cell death (ICD). Strategies combining radiotherapy with specific chemotherapies or immunotherapies capable of inducing a repertoire of cancer specific immunogens might potentiate tumor control not only by enhancing cell kill but also through the induction of a successful anti-tumor vaccination that improves patient survival
Strong Tunneling in Double-Island Structures
We study the electron transport through a system of two low-capacitance metal
islands connected in series between two electrodes. The work is motivated in
part by experiments on semiconducting double-dots, which show intriguing
effects arising from coherent tunneling of electrons and mixing of the
single-electron states across tunneling barriers. In this article, we show how
coherent tunneling affects metallic systems and leads to a mixing of the
macroscopic charge states across the barriers. We apply a recently formulated
RG approach to examine the linear response of the system with high tunnel
conductances (up to 8e^2/h). In addition we calculate the (second order)
cotunneling contributions to the non-linear conductance. Our main results are
that the peaks in the linear and nonlinear conductance as a function of the
gate voltage are reduced and broadened in an asymmetric way, as well as shifted
in their positions. In the limit where the two islands are coupled weakly to
the electrodes, we compare to theoretical results obtained by Golden and
Halperin and Matveev et al. In the opposite case when the two islands are
coupled more strongly to the leads than to each other, the peaks are found to
shift, in qualitative agreement with the recent prediction of Andrei et al. for
a similar double-dot system which exhibits a phase transition.Comment: 12 page
Article III, the Bill of Rights, and Administrative Adjudication
Modern reconsideration of legal constraints on the federal administrative state has commonly focused on agency rulemaking but seems increasingly concerned with agency adjudication. In this Essay, we provide an overview of constitutional issues implicated by administrative adjudication. We specifically explain how and why the so-called public-rights doctrine generally allows federal administrative adjudication outside private-rights actions substantially linked to traditional actions in law, equity, or admiralty. We also discuss how constitutional provisions outside Article III—including Bill of Rights protections of individuals as against the federal government—may nonetheless require a role for Article III courts even in so called public rights cases, either as an alternative court of first instance or as an appellate court. This role for Article III courts might become more important with the increased political control of administrative adjudication that an Article II line of the U.S. Supreme Court’s separation-of-powers case law might ultimately demand
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