Punto di ristoro per il Museo di Castel Sant'Elmo

Il progetto ha riguardato la rifunzionalizzazione di grandi sale del complesso monumentale con una attività prevalentemente di ristoro. Il gruppo selezionato si è classificato al secondo posto. Alessandro Castagnaro ha assunto il ruolo di consulente storico artistico

Privacy Issues in an Electronic Voting Machine

This paper describes how the OVC model ensures ballot privacy. The OVC has developed the model for an electronic voting system largely in response to the reliability, usability, security, trustworthiness, and accessibility concerns of other voting systems. Privacy was kept in mind throughout the process of designing this system. Section 2 of this paper discusses the requirements for a secret ballot in more detail. Section 3 considers how secrecy could be compromised in some systems. Section 4 describes the architecture of the polling place components of the OVC system. Section 5 describes how the OVC handles the privacy concerns. Conclusion, acknowledgements, and references follow. While this paper focuses mostly on privacy issues for US-based elections, and how they are addressed in the OVC system, many of the issues raised are applicable elsewhere. 2. Secret Ballot Requirements The public policy goals of secret balloting ---to protect the privacy of the elector and minimize undue intimidation and influence---are supported by federal election laws and regulations. The Help America Vote Act of 2002 codifies this as "anonymity" and "independence" of all voters, "privacy" and "confidentiality" of ballots and requires that the Federal Election Commission create standards that "[preserve] the privacy of the voter and the confidentiality of the ballot." The Federal Election Commission (FEC) has issued a set of Voting System Standards (VSS) that serve as a model of functional requirements that elections systems must meet before they can be certified for use in an election. The FEC VSS state explicitly: To facilitate casting a ballot, all systems shall: [...] Protect the secrecy of the vote such that the system cannot reveal any information about how a particular voter ..

A PC-Based Open-Source Voting Machine with an Accesssible Voter-Verifiable Paper Ballot

Voting is the foundation of a democratic system of government, whether the system uses direct or representative governance. The heart of voting is trust that each vote is recorded and tallied with accuracy an

A 5-day course of oral antibiotics followed by faecal transplantation to eradicate carriage of multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: a randomized clinical trial

International audienceOBJECTIVES: Intestinal carriage with extended spectrum β-lactamase Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) can persist for months. We aimed to evaluate whether oral antibiotics followed by faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) can eradicate intestinal carriage with ESBL-E/CPE.METHODS: Randomized, open-label, superiority trial in four tertiary-care centres (Geneva (G), Paris (P), Utrecht (U), Tel Aviv (T)). Non-immunocompromised adult patients were randomized 1: 1 to either no intervention (control) or a 5-day course of oral antibiotics (colistin sulphate 2 × 106 IU 4×/day; neomycin sulphate 500 mg 4×/day) followed by frozen FMT obtained from unrelated healthy donors. The primary outcome was detectable intestinal carriage of ESBL-E/CPE by stool culture 35-48 days after randomization (V4). ClinicalTrials.govNCT02472600. The trial was funded by the European Commission (FP7).RESULTS: Thirty-nine patients (G = 14; P = 16; U = 7; T = 2) colonized by ESBL-E (n = 36) and/or CPE (n = 11) were enrolled between February 2016 and June 2017. In the intention-to-treat analysis 9/22 (41%) patients assigned to the intervention arm were negative for ESBL-E/CPE at V4 (1/22 not receiving the intervention imputed as positive) whereas in the control arm 5/17 (29%) patients were negative (one lost to follow up imputed as negative) resulting in an OR for decolonization success of 1.7 (95% CI 0.4-6.4). Study drugs were well tolerated overall but three patients in the intervention group prematurely stopped the study antibiotics because of diarrhoea (all received FMT).CONCLUSIONS: Non-absorbable antibiotics followed by FMT slightly decreased ESBL-E/CPE carriage compared with controls; this difference was not statistically significant, potentially due to early trial termination. Further clinical investigations seem warranted

Quantifying Hospital-Acquired Carriage of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae Among Patients in Dutch Hospitals

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) are emerging worldwide. Contact precautions are recommended for known ESBL-E carriers to control the spread of ESBL-E within hospitals. This study quantified the acquisition of ESBL-E rectal carriage among patients in Dutch hospitals, given the application of contact precautions. Data were used from 2 cluster-randomized studies on isolation strategies for ESBL-E: (1) the SoM study, performed in 14 Dutch hospitals from 2011 through 2014 and (2) the R-GNOSIS study, for which data were limited to those collected in a Dutch hospital in 2014. Perianal cultures were obtained, either during ward-based prevalence surveys (SoM), or at admission and twice weekly thereafter (R-GNOSIS). In both studies, contact precautions were applied to all known ESBL-E carriers. Estimates for acquisition of ESBL-E were based on the results of admission and discharge cultures from patients hospitalized for more than 2 days (both studies) and a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) model, applied to all patients hospitalized (R-GNOSIS). The absolute risk of acquisition of ESBL-E rectal carriage ranged from 2.4% to 2.9% with an ESBL-E acquisition rate of 2.8 to 3.8 acquisitions per 1,000 patient days. In addition, 28% of acquisitions were attributable to patient-dependent transmission, and the per-admission reproduction number was 0.06. The low ESBL-E acquisition rate in this study demonstrates that it is possible to control the nosocomial transmission of ESBL in a low-endemic, non-ICU setting where Escherichia coli is the most prevalent ESBL-E and standard and contact precautions are applied for known ESBL-E carriers