Vortex vs spinning string: Iordanskii force and gravitational Aharonov-Bohm effect

We discuss the transverse force acting on the spinning cosmic string, moving in the background matter. It comes from the gravitational Aharonov-Bohm effect and corresponds to the Iordanskii force acting on the vortex in superfluids, when the vortex moves with respect to the normal component of the liquid.Comment: Latex file, 9 pages, no figures, references are added, version submitted to JETP Let

ПЛАНИРУЕМОЕ МНОГОЦЕНТРОВОЕ РАНДОМИЗИРОВАННОЕ КЛИНИЧЕСКОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ II ФАЗЫ: НЕОАДЪЮВАНТНАЯ ХИМИОЛУЧЕВАЯ ТЕРАПИЯ С ПОСЛЕДУЮЩЕЙ ГАСТРЭКТОМИЕЙ D2 И АДЪЮВАНТНОЙ ХИМИОТЕРАПИЕЙ У БОЛЬНЫХ МЕСТНОРАСПРОСТРАНЕННЫМ РАКОМ ЖЕЛУДКА

Introduction. The prognosis for surgical treatment of locally advanced gastric cancer remains disappointing. Neoadjuvant chemo-radiation therapy is relatively new and the least researched method of treatment, it is attracting more and more attention, mainly abroad in recent years. The aims of neoadjuvant therapy is the earliest start of systemic therapy, damage of the primary tumor and regional metastases, an increase in the percentage of radical operations, improving treatment outcome. Material and methods. The planning study is a multicenter, randomized clinical phase II trial. Patients of the first (experimental) group will be treated as the followes: neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy (total tumor dose of 46 Gy in 23 fractions with the concurrent modified CapOX scheme) followed by D2 gastrectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy. Patients of the second (control) group will be treated with D2 gastrectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy. Adjuvant chemotherapy will be carried out under the following schemes (optional for the researchers): CapOX or FOLFOX. Toxicity evaluation of neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy will be conducted with NCI CTC Toxicity Scale Version 3.0. The main objectives of the trial are to assess the safety and immediate effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy according to the criteria of the frequency and severity of postoperative complications and mortality, and tumor response. We are planning to include 80 patients with morphologically confirmed gastric cancer сT2–4N1–3, сT3–4N0–3; М0. The proposed trial will be carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration, it has been approved by local ethic committees of the participated institutions. Results. As a result of this multicenter randomized trial it is planned to show the reproducibility of obtained in MRRC and a number of foreign centers results – that is, the safety and high immediate effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer. Conclusion. If we reach the goals of the planning trial, the results would allow to reasonably recommend the start of large international phase III trials for the final evaluation of the proposed neoadjuvant treatment as a standard one in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer.Введение. Прогноз при хирургическом лечении местнораспространенного рака желудка остается неутешительным. Неоадъювантная химиолучевая терапия является относительно новым и наименее исследованным методом лечения, привлекающим к себе в последние годы все большее внимание, преимущественно за рубежом. Цели неоадъювантной терапии состоят в максимально раннем начале системной терапии, повреждении первичной опухоли и регионарных метастазов, увеличении процента выполнения радикальных операций, улучшении результатов лечения. Материал и методы. Исследование является многоцентровым рандомизированным клиническим исследованием II фазы. Больным первой (исследуемой) группы будет проведено лечение в составе: неоадъювантная химиолучевая терапия (СОД 46 Гр за 23 фракции на фоне модифицированного режима CapOX) с последующей гастрэктомией D2 и адъювантной химиотерапией. Больным второй (контрольной) группы будет выполнена гастрэктомия D2 и адъювантная химиотерапия. Адъювантная химиотерапия будет проводиться по следующим схемам (на выбор исследователя): САРОX или FOLFOX. Оценка токсичности неоадъювантной химиолучевой терапии и адъювантной химиотерапии будет проводиться с помощью шкалы токсичности NCI CTC, версия 3.0. Основные цели состоят в оценке безопасности и непосредственной эффективности неоадъювантной химиолучевой терапии по критерию частоты и степени выраженности послеоперационных осложнений и летальности, и терапевтического патоморфоза. Планируется включение 80 больных морфологически верифицированным раком желудка сT2–4N1–3, сT3–4N0–3; М0. Исследование выполняется в соответствии с принципами Хельсинкской декларации, оно одобрено локальными этическими комитетами учреждений-соисполнителей. Результаты. В результате проведения данного многоцентрового рандомизированного исследования планируется показать воспроизводимость полученных в МРНЦ и ряде зарубежных Центров результатов – то есть безопасность и высокую непосредственную эффективность неоадъювантной химиолучевой терапии у больных местнораспространенным раком желудка. Заключение. В случае достижения поставленных целей полученные результаты позволят обоснованно рекомендовать проведение крупных международных исследований III фазы для окончательного изучения предложенного метода в качестве стандартного у больных местнораспространенным раком желудка

Synthesis and investigation of iron fullerene clusters

Iron fullerene clusters are prepared by plasma chemical synthesis and investigated using electron magnetic resonance. It is shown that these clusters can be prepared both by plasma chemical synthesis of fullerenes with iron and by mixing of a fullerene solution with a powder of iron nanoparticles coated with carbon shells. A liquid chromatographic technique is proposed for separating iron fullerence clusters

Fatty Acid Composition of Fish Species with Different Feeding Habits from an Arctic Lake

Текст статьи не публикуется в открытом доступе в соответствии с политикой журнала

Fatty Acid Composition of Fish Species with Different Feeding Habits from an Arctic Lake

Текст статьи не публикуется в открытом доступе в соответствии с политикой журнала

Sarmatia-Volgo-Uralia junction zone: Isotopic-geochronologic characteristic of supracrustal rocks and granitoids

The geochronologic (U-Pb isotopic system of zircons) and isotopic-geochemical (Sm-Nd isotopic system of the bulk rock) studies were performed along the profile extending from the eastern Sarmatia (in the west) to the Middle Volga megablock of Volgo-Uralia (in the east), i.e., across the entire junction zone for dating the integration of Sarmatia and Volgo-Uralia, representing two segments of the East European Craton. It is established that the examined rocks are characterized by the Paleoproterozoic Nd isotopic model age, which varies from 2.1 and 2.4 Ga, except for some samples indicating a similar age of the crust through the entire Sarmatia-Volgo-Uralia junction zone. The highly metamorphosed complexes of the granulite and amphibolite facies constituting the southwestern margin of Volgo-Uralia are Paleoproterozoic, not Archean, in age, contrary to previous views. Two Early Paleoproterozoic lithotectonic complexes are defined in Volgo-Uralia: South Volga metasedimentary and Tersa metasedimentary-volcanogenic. The obtained data confirm the asynchronous integration of individual segments into the East European Craton: the integration of Sarmatia and Volgo-Uralia approximately 2100-2000 Ma ago was followed by the conjunction of this newly-formed continent with Fennoscandia ca. 1800 Ma ago

Intraspecies variability of fatty acid content and composition of a cosmopolitan benthic invertebrate, Gammarus lacustris.

Aquatic invertebrates are valuable dietary sources of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3), for fish. Phylogeny, diet, and various ecological factors affect the fatty acid composition of aquatic invertebrates. We focused our study on the effect of ecological factors to a cosmopolitan species inhabiting lakes that differed in salinity, temperature, and presence/absence of predators (fish). To avoid the effect of phylogeny, which strongly influences the fatty acid composition of animals, we studied several populations of one cosmopolitan benthic species, Gammarus lacustris Sars. We found that differences in fatty acid percentages of G. lacustris were mainly affected by differences in their diets. Some populations preferred dinoflagellates, cryptophytes, green algae/cyanobacteria, and bacteria; other populations selected diatoms; and still other populations consumed zooplankton or allochthonous (terrestrial) organic matter. The salinity and presence/absence of fish affected the contents of EPA and DHA in G. lacustris. Populations from saline and fishless lakes had significantly higher contents of EPA and DHA. Thus, stocking of fishless lakes dominated by G. lacustris with fish could lead to a decrease in EPA and DHA contents in the gammarids. We propose that some saline and fishless lakes could be used as a source of gammarids for aquaculture fish feeding

Isotope Composition of nitrogen and stoichiometric ratiosof elements in biomass of Spirogyra in Lake Baikal

Текст статьи не публикуется в открытом доступе в соответствии с политикой журнала.Using stable isotope analysis of nitrogen, for the first time the hypothesis on different sources of inorganic nutrients for two groups of littoral algae in Lake Baikal was confirmed. Strongly attached filamentous algae of genus Ulothrix, which developed in the wave-braking zone at depth 0.5 m, and loosely attached filamentous algae of genus Spirogyra, which developed in deeper layers 3.0–5.0 m in a low-turbulence zone, get inorganic nutrients presumably from surface discharge and groundwater inputs, respectively. Besides, stoichiometric ratios C:N and N:P in biomass of the algae indicated that growth of Spirogyra in Lake Baikal was likely limited by nitrogen, while growth of Ulothrix was limited by phosphorus