1,120 research outputs found
Extramural Coronary Artery Disease in Type I Diabetes Mellitus: A Quantative Autopsy Study
Author Institution: Departments of Pathology and Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of CincinnatiExtramural coronary arteries of 17 type I diabetics and 22 control patients were examined at necropsy following a detailed methodology plan. There was a greater extent of luminal narrowing in the extramural coronary arteries in the diabetic patients than in the controls. While it is known that in patients with the advanced stage of type I diabetes mellitus significant coronary atherosclerosis is likely to be present, it is new information that they have a propensity for obstructive atherosclerosis, not just in the 3 major coronary arteries but also in the branches. Young type I diabetics with atherosclerosis of proximal portions of the coronary vasculature are likely to have equally severe atherosclerosis in the distal portions and branches as well. Atherosclerosis was less severe in the diabetic patients who did receive hemodialysis and/or a renal transplant than those who did not
Not all surveillance data are created equalâA multiâmethod dynamic occupancy approach to determine rabies elimination from wildlife
1. A necessary component of elimination programmes for wildlife disease is effective surveillance. The ability to distinguish between disease freedom and nonâdetection can mean the difference between a successful elimination campaign and new epizootics. Understanding the contribution of different surveillance methods helps to optimize and better allocate effort and develop more effective surveillance programmes.
2. We evaluated the probability of rabies virus elimination (disease freedom) in an enzootic area with active management using dynamic occupancy modelling of 10 years of raccoon rabies virus (RABV) surveillance data (2006â2015) collected from three states in the eastern United States. We estimated detection probability of RABV cases for each surveillance method (e.g. strange acting reports, roadkill, surveillanceâtrapped animals, nuisance animals and public health samples) used by the USDA National Rabies Management Program.
3. Strange acting, found dead and public health animals were the most likely to detect RABV when it was present, and generally detectability was higher in fallâ winter compared to springâsummer. Found dead animals in fallâwinter had the highest detection at 0.33 (95% CI: 0.20, 0.48). Nuisance animals had the lowest detection probabilities (~0.02).
4. Areas with oral rabies vaccination (ORV) management had reduced occurrence probability compared to enzootic areas without ORV management. RABV occurrence was positively associated with deciduous and mixed forests and medium to high developed areas, which are also areas with higher raccoon (Procyon lotor) densities. By combining occupancy and detection estimates we can create a probability of elimination surface that can be updated seasonally to provide guidance on areas managed for wildlife disease.
5. Synthesis and applications. Wildlife disease surveillance is often comprised of a combination of targeted and convenienceâbased methods. Using a multiâmethod analytical approach allows us to compare the relative strengths of these methods, providing guidance on resource allocation for surveillance actions. Applying this multiâmethod approach in conjunction with dynamic occupancy analyses better informs management decisions by understanding ecological drivers of disease occurrence
Cumulative structure function in terms of nucleonic wave function of the nucleus
The structure function of the nucleus in the cumulative region is
studied in terms of nucleon degrees of freedom. At high the resulting
expressions are presented as a sum of contributions from few-nucleon
correlations. Two-nucleon correlations are studied in some detail. Spin
variables are averaged out. In the region the structure functions are
calculated for the relativistic interaction proposed by F.Gross {\it et al}.
They are found to fall with faster than the exponential. For Carbon at
, where the method is not rigorously applicable, they turn out to be
rougly twice larger than the experimental data.Comment: text and 2 figures in LaTex, 7 figures in P
Fast computation by block permanents of cumulative distribution functions of order statistics from several populations
The joint cumulative distribution function for order statistics arising from
several different populations is given in terms of the distribution function of
the populations. The computational cost of the formula in the case of two
populations is still exponential in the worst case, but it is a dramatic
improvement compared to the general formula by Bapat and Beg. In the case when
only the joint distribution function of a subset of the order statistics of
fixed size is needed, the complexity is polynomial, for the case of two
populations.Comment: 21 pages, 3 figure
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