Uncertainties of the CJK 5 Flavour LO Parton Distributions in the Real Photon

Radiatively generated, LO quark (u,d,s,c,b) and gluon densities in the real, unpolarized photon, calculated in the CJK model being an improved realization of the CJKL approach, have been recently presented. The results were obtained through a global fit to the experimental F2^gamma data. In this paper we present, obtained for the very first time in the photon case, an estimate of the uncertainties of the CJK parton distributions due to the experimental errors. The analysis is based on the Hessian method which was recently applied in the proton parton structure analysis. Sets of test parametrizations are given for the CJK model. They allow for calculation of its best fit parton distributions along with F2^gamma and for computation of uncertainties of any physical value depending on the real photon parton densities. We test the applicability of the approach by comparing uncertainties of example cross-sections calculated in the Hessian and Lagrange methods. Moreover, we present a detailed analysis of the chi^2 of the CJK fit and its relation to the data. We show that large chi^2/DOF of the fit is due to only a few of the experimental measurements. By excluding them chi^2/DOF approx 1 can be obtained.Comment: 28 pages, 8 eps figures, 2 Latex figures; FORTRAN programs available at http://www.fuw.edu.pl/~pjank/param.html; table 10, figure 10 and section 6 correcte

Apical endosomes isolated from kidney collecting duct principal cells lack subunits of the proton pumping ATPase.

Endocytic vesicles that are involved in the vasopressin-stimulated recycling of water channels to and from the apical membrane of kidney collecting duct principal cells were isolated from rat renal papilla by differential and Percoll density gradient centrifugation. Fluorescence quenching measurements showed that the isolated vesicles maintained a high, HgCl2-sensitive water permeability, consistent with the presence of vasopressin-sensitive water channels. They did not, however, exhibit ATP-dependent luminal acidification, nor any N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive ATPase activity, properties that are characteristic of most acidic endosomal compartments. Western blotting with specific antibodies showed that the 31- and 70-kD cytoplasmically oriented subunits of the vacuolar proton pump were not detectable in these apical endosomes from the papilla, whereas they were present in endosomes prepared in parallel from the cortex. In contrast, the 56-kD subunit of the proton pump was abundant in papillary endosomes, and was localized at the apical pole of principal cells by immunocytochemistry. Finally, an antibody that recognizes the 16-kD transmembrane subunit of oat tonoplast ATPase cross-reacted with a distinct 16-kD band in cortical endosomes, but no 16-kD band was detectable in endosomes from the papilla. This antibody also recognized a 16-kD band in affinity-purified H+ ATPase preparations from bovine kidney medulla. Therefore, early endosomes derived from the apical plasma membrane of collecting duct principal cells fail to acidify because they lack functionally important subunits of a vacuolar-type proton pumping ATPase, including the 16-kD transmembrane domain that serves as the proton-conducting channel, and the 70-kD cytoplasmic subunit that contains the ATPase catalytic site. This specialized, non-acidic early endosomal compartment appears to be involved primarily in the hormonally induced recycling of water channels to and from the apical plasma membrane of vasopressin-sensitive cells in the kidney collecting duct

Extensible Digital Fabrication Language for Digital Fabrication Processes

While additive manufacturing objects are described by the STL and AMF standards, the protocol controlling the fabricator is typically machine-specific. In this paper, we explore a system architecture that converts geometric data into control processes for equipment. We propose a new Extensible Digital Fabrication Language (XDFL) and an interpreted ToolScript language that describes how a geometry is translated into machine commands. An initial implementation of this system architecture was created and deployed as part of the Fab@Home project. The introduction of a standard process control language will decouple process planning from the equipment manufacturer, thereby catalyzing the introduction of new equipment and development of better process planners.Mechanical Engineerin

Studer’s orthotopic bladder substitution

Introduction: The continent urinary reservoirs connected to the urethra have known in the last decade a formidable development. A variant of these ones is the cystoplasty of Studer type. Materials and Methods: About 60 cm of ileum is isolated and the small intestine is restored. The isolated intestinal segment is put under a “J" form, so that 22 A 22 cm should become the urinary reservoir and about 17 cm will be the part of the intestine in which the urethers are implanted. The declive portion is made under "U" form and is detubulized on a portion as long as about 44 cm. The arms of the “U" form are sutured each other with 3 PDS and so an intestinal plate is obtained which is perpendicularly double-fold plicatured on the first suture. The reservoir is closed, a lateral stoma of about 1 cm is practised which is anastomozed to the urethra on a 20 Ch catheter, after the ureteral implanting on 6 Ch splints and the closing of the intestinal segment will be made. Results: In a group of 51 patients this type of cystoplasty has been used in 15 cases. Conclusions: The postoperative course was uneventfull. In 3 cases the patients have had nocturnal incontinence. All of the 15 patients are continent all day long

Substitution cystoplasty with detubularized ileum

Introduction: The major advantage of the continent urinary reservoirs is an improving of the quality of life and of the corporal image in the radical cystectomy patients. Materials and methods: A segment of about 30 - 35 cm is isolated configurated in a "U " form and detubularized. A suture is made between the two arms of the "U " and an intestinal plate is obtained. After the partial closing of the anterior segment with 3-0 PDS, anastomoses is practised to the urethra on a 20 Ch catheter with 6 points of 3-0 Vicryl. The ureters are implanted according to the modified Le Due Carney technique and the pouch is closed. Results: At the Urologic Clinic of "Fundeni" Hospital, 108 substitution cystoplasty have been performed. The studying group is represented by 51 cystoplasties. Carney II technique have been used in 10 cases. The evolution of the patients has been without major complications, with a very good diurnal and nocturnal continence. Conclusions: The relative facile and rapidly performing, with a small rate of complications and a good social and professional integration of the patient, all together make this type of urinary diversion to be into the attention of urologists who are practising the substitution cystoplasty

Orthotopic substitution cystoplasty in female patients after anterior pelvectomy for infiltrative bladder tumour

Introduction: Hubner's studies have established: the continuity of the bladder with urethra is no t a compulsory condition for the urethral closing mechanism. Colleselli shows that the preservation of the musculature of 2/3 out of inferior part of the urethra with its innervation is important for fem ale continence. Stenzl's pathological studies identify the group of female patients to whom the substitution cystoplasty could be performed. Materials and Methods: This type of substitution cystoplasty has been used on 4 female patients (from a cohort of 51). In 3 cases we used the detubularized sigmoid colon and in 1 case the detubularized ileum - Studer's technique for female patients with bladder tumours pT3NoMoU - G1-3*. Results: The postoperative course was uneventfull. The female patients have been continent day and night. Their neobladder capacity ranged between 350 - 500 cc. Conclusions: Female orthotopic substitution cystoplasty on selected cases is feasible

Radical cystectomy (anterior exenteration) in female patients

Introduction: Radical cystectomy or anterior exenteration, is the treatment of choice for infiltrative bladder tumours in female patients. Radical cystectomy consists in ileo-pelvic lymphodissection + extirpation of: a), urinary bladder + urethra, b). uterus, ovary, uterine tubes, c). anterior vaginal wall. Materials and Methods: From the radical 1.200 cystectomies performed between 1975-1998, to women, 164 anterior pelvectomies have been made. The female patient in a dorsal decubitus position with the elevator located under the ombilicus. After checking the bladder lesions, liver, ileopelvic and para-aortic adenopathies, the peritoneum is incised at the level of the iliac vessels and the urethers are dissected up to the juxta-vesical level, where are divided. The ligature / cross-sectioning of the lombo-ovarian ligaments and round ligament is practised. The ileo-pelvin lymphodissection is practised. The incision of the recto-vaginal peritoneum is followed by the decollation of vagina from the rectum. The ligature of the vascular pedicles and cross-sectioning, follows. The posterior vaginal wall is transversally incised. Anteriorely the pubo-vesical ligaments and the dorsal vein of the clitoris are ligated and cross-sectioned. Laterally, the lateral walls of the vagina are incised. The urethra is isolated and divided. The operation is ending by the suture of the vaginal anterior wall. Results and Conclusions: Female radical cystectomy may be performed with an acceptable low rate of morbidity and mortality. The operation is the election procedure for multifocal cancer and / or infiltrative in the urinary bladder

Higher twists in the pion structure function

We calculate the QCD moments of the pion structure function using Drell-Yan data on the quark distributions in the pion and a phenomenological model for the resonance region. The extracted higher twist corrections are found to be larger than those for the nucleon, contributing around 50% of the lowest moment at Q^2=1 GeV^2.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev.

Small representations of finite classical groups

Finite group theorists have established many formulas that express interesting properties of a finite group in terms of sums of characters of the group. An obstacle to applying these formulas is lack of control over the dimensions of representations of the group. In particular, the representations of small dimensions tend to contribute the largest terms to these sums, so a systematic knowledge of these small representations could lead to proofs of important conjectures which are currently out of reach. Despite the classification by Lusztig of the irreducible representations of finite groups of Lie type, it seems that this aspect remains obscure. In this note we develop a language which seems to be adequate for the description of the "small" representations of finite classical groups and puts in the forefront the notion of rank of a representation. We describe a method, the "eta correspondence", to construct small representations, and we conjecture that our construction is exhaustive. We also give a strong estimate on the dimension of small representations in terms of their rank. For the sake of clarity, in this note we describe in detail only the case of the finite symplectic groups.Comment: 18 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publications in the proceedings of the conference on the occasion of Roger Howe's 70th birthday (1-5 June 2015, Yale University, New Haven, CT