Quark Model Explanation of the N∗→NηN^*\to N\eta Branching Ratios

The constituent quark model can explain the strong selectivity of the $N\eta$ decay branching ratios of the nucleon resonances if the fine structure interaction between the constituent quarks is described in terms of Goldstone boson exchange. This chiral quark model predicts that the resonances $N(1535)$, $N(1710)$, $\Lambda(1670)$, $\Sigma(1750)$, which have mixed flavor and spin symmetry $[21]_{FS} [21]_F [21]_S$ wavefunctions in lowest order, should have large $N\eta$ branching ratios, while $N\eta$ decay of the other resonances that have different flavor-spin symmetry should be strongly suppressed in agreement with the experimental branching ratios.Comment: Latex 7 p, no figure

Chiral symmetry restoration and the string picture of hadrons

QCD string picture of highly excited hadrons very naturally explains parity doubling once the chiral symmetry is restored high in the spectrum. In particular, the spin-orbit and tensor interactions of quarks at the ends of the string, related to dynamics of the string, vanish. High in the spectrum there appears higher degree of degeneracy, namely parity doublets with different angular momentum cluster around energy of the string in the given quantum state.Comment: 7 pages, LaTeX, 2 figs. The paper has been further expanded in order to make the point and physics more clear. To appear in Phys. Lett.

Chiral multiplets of excited mesons

It is shown that experimental meson states with spins J=0,1,2,3 in the energy range 1.9 - 2.4 GeV obtained in recent partial wave analysis of proton-antiproton annihilation at LEAR remarkably confirm all predictions of chiral symmetry restoration. Classification of excited $\bar q q$ mesons according to the representations of chiral $U(2)_L \times U(2)_R$ group is performed. There are two important predictions of chiral symmetry restoration in highly excited mesons: (i) physical states must fill out approximately degenerate parity-chiral multiplets; (ii) some of the physical states with the given $I,J^{PC}$ are members of one parity-chiral multiplet, while the other states with the same $I,J^{PC}$ are members of the other parity-chiral multiplet. For example, while some of the excited $\rho(1,1^{--})$ states are systematically degenerate with $a_1(1,1^{++})$ states forming (0,1)+(1,0) chiral multiplets, the other excited $\rho(1,1^{--})$ states are degenerate with $h_1(0,1^{+-})$ states ((1/2,1/2) chiral multiplets). Hence, one of the predictions of chiral symmetry restoration is that the combined amount of $a_1(1,1^{++})$ and $h_1(0,1^{+-})$ states must coincide with the amount of $\rho(1,1^{--})$ states in the chirally restored regime. It is shown that the same rule applies (and experimentally confirmed) to many other meson states.Comment: 14 pages, discussion and conclusion section is largely extende

Effective chiral restoration in the hadronic spectrum and QCD

Effective chiral restoration in the hadronic spectrum has been conjectured as an explanation of multiplets of nearly degenerate seen in highly excited hadrons. The conjecture depends on the states being insensitive to the dynamics of spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking. A key question is whether this concept is well defined in QCD. This paper shows that it is by means of an explicit formal construction. This construction allows one to characterize this sensitivity for any observable calculable in QCD in Euclidean space via a functional integral. The construction depends on a generalization of the Banks-Casher theorem. It exploits the fact that {\it all} dynamics sensitive to spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking observables in correlation functions arise from fermion modes of zero virtuality (in the infinite volume limit), while such modes make {\it no} contribution to any of the dynamics which preserves chiral symmetry. In principle this construction can be implemented in lattice QCD. The prospect of a practical lattice implementation yielding a direct numerical test of the concept of effective chiral restoration is discussed

Chiral symmetry restoration in hadron spectra

The evidence and the theoretical justification of chiral symmetry restoration in high-lying hadrons is presented.Comment: Invited talk given at Int. School on Nuclear Physics "Quarks in Hadrons and Nuclei", September 2002, Erice/Sicily/Italy; to appear in Progr. Part. Nucl. Phys., vol. 50; 10 page

Can low-lying Roper states be explained as antidecuplet members?

It is shown that the anomalously low-lying Roper states cannot be assigned as pentaquarks with the scalar diquark - scalar diquark - antiquark structure as suggested by Jaffe and Wilczek.Comment: Will appear in Phys. Rev. Lett. as a comment on the paper by R. Jaffe and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett., 91, 232003 (2003

Baryon Spectrum and Chiral Dynamics

New results on baryon structure and spectrum developed in collaboration with Dan Riska [1-4] are reported. The main idea is that beyond the chiral symmetry spontaneous breaking scale light and strange baryons should be considered as systems of three constituent quarks with an effective confining interaction and a chiral interaction that is mediated by the octet of Goldstone bosons (pseudoscalar mesons) between the constituent quarks.Comment: 12 pages + 1 fig., LaTeX, fig. is available from author, to appear in Proceedings of the Int. School of Nucl. Physics: Quarks in Hadrons and Nuclei (Erice, 19-27 September, 1995) - Progr. Part. Nucl. Phys., v. 36 (1996

Chiral symmetry breaking and the spin content of hadrons

From the parton distributions in the infinite momentum frame one finds that only about 30% of the nucleon spin is carried by spins of the valence quarks, which gave rise to the term "spin crisis". Similar results hold for the lowest mesons, as it follows from the lattice simulations. We define the spin content of a meson in the rest frame and use a complete and orthogonal $\bar q q$ chiral basis and a unitary transformation from the chiral basis to the (2S+1)LJ basis. Then, given a mixture of different allowed chiral representations in the meson wave function at a given resolution scale, one can obtain its spin content at this scale. To obtain the mixture of the chiral representations in the meson we measure in dynamical lattice simulations a ratio of couplings of interpolarors with different chiral structure. For the rho meson we obtain practically the 3S1 state with no trace of the spin crisis. Then a natural question arises: which definition does reflect the spin content of a hadron?Comment: 7 pp, Presented at Int. School of Nuclear Physics: "From Quarks and Gluons to Hadrons and Nuclei", Erice-Sicily, 16 - 24 September, 201

Why the high lying glueball does not mix with the neighbouring f0f_0

Chiral symmetry restoration in high-lying hadron spectra implies that hadrons which belong to different irreducible representations of the parity-chiral group cannot mix. This explains why the $f_0(2102 \pm 13)$, which was suggested to be a glueball, and hence must belong to the scalar (0,0) representation of the chiral group, cannot mix with the neighbouring $f_0(2040 \pm 38)$, which was interpreted as a $n\bar n$ state, and that belongs to the $(1/2,1/2)$ representation of the chiral group. If confirmed, then we have an access to a "true" glueball of QCD.Comment: 4 pages, LaTeX, final version, Eur. Phys. J. A 19 (2004) 15

Why the OZI rule is so strongly violated in J/Psi decays?

The new $f_0(1790)$ meson recently observed by BES collaboration in $J/\Psi$-decay, is seen only in the OZI-forbidden channel. It is shown that chiral symmetry restoration in excited hadrons implies a new selection rule of dynamical origin that forbids some of the OZI-favoured mechanisms of decays. Hence decays into channels that are suppressed by OZI can become dominant.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures. The paper has been expanded. A new figure as well as implications of chiral symmetry for the search of missing a_0 mesons in charmonium decays have been added. To appear in Phys. Rev.