Upgrading the Interface and Developer Tools of the Trigger Supervisor Software Framework of the CMS experiment at CERN

The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) Trigger Supervisor (TS) is a software framework that has been designed to handle the CMS Level-1 trigger setup, configuration and monitoring during data taking as well as all communications with the main run control of CMS. The interface consists of a web-based GUI rendered by a back-end C++ framework (AjaXell) and a front-end JavaScript framework (Dojo). These provide developers with the tools they need to to write their own custom control panels. However, currently there is much frustration with this framework given the age of the Dojo library and the various hacks needed to implement modern use cases. The task at hand is to renew this library and its developer tools, updating it to use the newest standards and technologies, while maintaining full compatibility with legacy code. This document describes the requirements, development process, and changes to this framework that were included in the upgrade from v2.x to v3.x. Keywords: CERN, CMS, L1 Trigger, C++, Polymer, Web Components

Polymer as an alternative to Dojo for the Trigger Online Software

The human interfaces to Trigger Supervisor applications are built in the form of web applications, which is achieved with Dojo and C++ code. Dojo is a JavaScript library that allows users to define custom widgets (text boxes, buttons, sliders...), thereby extending basic HTML functionality. The following example creates a slider using nothing but a standard tag and JavaScript: This has been serving the project for quite some time, but some issues have been identified: • The Dojo library is very outdated (v0.4, 9 years old) and no longer maintained: • the risk of non-compatibility between the current TS GUIs and the browsers is very high, regardless whether they are used at the CMS control room or for development in general, • browsers are starting to put up deprecation notices for old Dojo code. Hence, TS GUIs are at risk of losing support for newer browsers as time passes. • Current C++ code is quite messy. Widgets can be defined, but the general layout of a page still needs to be generated in C++. • Mixing CSS, JavaScript, and HTML into C++ makes code difficult to read and maintain and invites bad practices Therefore an alternative was proposed. Known as the Polymer library. It gives access to new technologies and allows for a seamless transition as old code keeps working

Common software for controlling and monitoring the upgraded CMS Level-1 trigger

The Large Hadron Collider restarted in 2015 with a higher centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The instantaneous luminosity is expected to increase significantly in the coming years. An upgraded Level-1 trigger system was deployed in the CMS experiment in order to maintain the same efficiencies for searches and precision measurements as those achieved in 2012. This system must be controlled and monitored coherently through software, with high operational efficiency.The legacy system was composed of a large number of custom data processor boards; correspondingly, only a small fraction of the software was common between the different subsystems. The upgraded system is composed of a set of general purpose boards, that follow the MicroTCA specification, and transmit data over optical links, resulting in a more homogeneous system. The associated software is based on generic components corresponding to the firmware blocks that are shared across different cards, regardless of the role that the card plays in the system. A common database schema is also used to describe the hardware composition and configuration data. Whilst providing a generic description of the upgrade hardware, this software framework must also allow each subsystem to specify different configuration sequences and monitoring data depending on its role.We present here, the design of the control software for the upgrade Level-1 Trigger, and experience from using this software to commission the upgraded system.The CMS Level-1 Trigger has been replaced during the first phase of CMS upgrades in order to cope with the increase of centre-of-mass energy and instantaneous luminosity at which the LHC presently operates. Profiting from the experience gathered in operating the legacy system, effort has been made to identify the common aspects of the hardware structures and firmware blocks across the several components (subsystems). A common framework has been designed in order to ensure homogeneity in the control and monitoring software of the subsystems, and thus increase their reliability and operational efficiency. The framework architecture provides uniform high-level abstract description of the different subsystems, while providing a high degreee of flexibility in the specific implementation of hardware configuration routines and monitoring data structures. The unique hardware composition and configuration parameters of each subsystem are stored in a database that has a common structure across subsystems. A custom editor has been implemented in order to simplify the creation of new hardware configuration instances. The overall monitoring information gathered from all the subsystems is finally exposed through a single access point to experts and operators. We present here the design and implementation of the online software for the Level-1 Trigger upgrade

SWATCH Common software for controlling and monitoring the upgraded CMS Level-1 trigger

The Large Hadron Collider at CERN restarted in 2015 with a higher centre-of-mass energy of 13TeV. The instantaneous luminosity is expected to increase significantly in the coming years. An upgraded Level-1 trigger system has been deployed in the Compact Muon Solenoid experiment, in order to maintain the same efficiencies for searches and precision measurements as those achieved in the previous run. This system consists of the order of 100 electronics boards connected by the order of 3000 optical links, which must be controlled and monitoring coherently through software, with high operational efficiency. In this paper, we present the design of the software framework that is used to control and monitor the upgraded Level-1 trigger system, and experiences from using this software to commission the upgraded system

SWATCH Common software for controlling and monitoring the upgraded CMS Level-1 trigger

The Large Hadron Collider at CERN restarted in 2015 with a higher centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The instantaneous luminosity is expected to increase significantly in the coming years. An upgraded Level-1 trigger system is being deployed in the CMS experiment in order to maintain the same efficiencies for searches and precision measurements as those achieved in the previous run. This system must be controlled and monitored coherently through software, with high operational efficiency.The legacy system is composed of approximately 4000 data processor boards, of several custom application-specific designs. These boards are organised into several subsystems; each subsystem receives data from different detector systems (calorimeters, barrel/endcap muon detectors), or with differing granularity. These boards have been controlled and monitored by a medium-sized distributed system of over 40 computers and 200 processes. Only a small fraction of the control and monitoring software was common between the different subsystems; the configuration data was stored in a database, with a different schema for each subsystem. This large proportion of subsystem-specific software resulted in high long-term maintenance costs, and a high risk of losing critical knowledge through the turnover of software developers in the Level-1 trigger project.The upgraded system is composed of a set of general purpose boards, that follow the MicroTCA specification, and transmit data over optical links, resulting in a more homogeneous system. This system will contain the order of 100 boards connected by 3000 optical links, which must be controlled and monitored coherently. The associated software is based on generic C++ classes corresponding to the firmware blocks that are shared across different cards, regardless of the role that the card plays in the system. A common database schema will also be used to describe the hardware composition and configuration data. Whilst providing a generic description of the upgrade hardware, its monitoring data, and control interface, this software framework (SWATCH) must also have the flexibility to allow each subsystem to specify different configuration sequences and monitoring data depending on its role. By increasing the proportion of common software, the upgrade systems software will require less manpower for development and maintenance. By defining a generic hardware description of significantly finer granularity, the SWATCH framework will be able to provide a more uniform graphical interface across the different subsystems compared with the legacy system, simplifying the training of the shift crew, on-call experts, and other operation personnel.We present here, the design of the control software for the upgrade Level-1 Trigger, and experience from using this software to commission the upgraded system.The Large Hadron Collider at CERN restarted in 2015 with a 13 TeV centre-of-mass energy. In addition, the instantaneous luminosity is expected to increase significantly in the coming years. In order to maintain the same efficiencies for searches and precision measurements as those achieved in the previous run, the CMS experiment upgraded the Level-1 trigger system. The new system consists of the order of 100 electronics boards connected by approximately 3000 optical links, which must be controlled and monitored coherently through software, with high operational efficiency. These proceedings present the design of the control software for the upgraded Level-1 Trigger, and the experience from using this software to commission and operate the upgraded system

Reconstruction of interactions in the ProtoDUNE-SP detector with Pandora

International audienceThe Pandora Software Development Kit and algorithm libraries provide pattern-recognition logic essential to the reconstruction of particle interactions in liquid argon time projection chamber detectors. Pandora is the primary event reconstruction software used at ProtoDUNE-SP, a prototype for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment far detector. ProtoDUNE-SP, located at CERN, is exposed to a charged-particle test beam. This paper gives an overview of the Pandora reconstruction algorithms and how they have been tailored for use at ProtoDUNE-SP. In complex events with numerous cosmic-ray and beam background particles, the simulated reconstruction and identification efficiency for triggered test-beam particles is above 80% for the majority of particle type and beam momentum combinations. Specifically, simulated 1 GeV/$c$ charged pions and protons are correctly reconstructed and identified with efficiencies of 86.1$\pm0.6$% and 84.1$\pm0.6$%, respectively. The efficiencies measured for test-beam data are shown to be within 5% of those predicted by the simulation