Aspects psychologiques, cognitifs et comportementaux d’enfants présentant un syndrome de Prader-Willi : étude transversale et étude longitudinale

Our aim was to describe the psychologic, cognitive and behavioral characteristics of children with Prader-Willi syndrom (PWS). The cohort includes 36 children from 2.5 to 15 years regularly followed in the French reference centre for PWS. Three prospective studies are presented, two transversal comparative studies and one longitudinal. The first study describes, in the entire cohort, the multidisciplinary care and the scolarisation of the children, their cognitive abilities and their adaptative behaviors as well as the known behavioral which are problematic issues in adolescents and adults with PWS. We compared the data between children aged less than 5 years and children aged more than 6 years. Our results pointed out differences with the previous results already published in retrospective studies. The second transversal study describes the capacities of the 27 children aged more than 6 years to match, to label and to infer emotional states. We then compared the results of these PWS patients with results obtained from control children matched for sex and for developmental age on one hand, and for chronological age on the other hand. The results of this innovative study show that children with PWS have heterogeneous abilities for the identification of the emotions, with an effect of the nature of the emotion and of the task. Finally, the last study describes the results of a 4 years longitudinal study of 10 children in terms of phenotypic evolution during the transition from early childhood to childhood. The evolution of their cognitive abilities and of their adaptative behaviors is detailed, showing the emergence of some behavioral troubles.Cette étude vise à décrire les caractéristiques psychologiques, cognitives et comportementales d’individus présentant un syndrome de Prader-Willi (SPW) au cours de la petite enfance et de l’enfance. La population est constituée de 36 enfants âgés de 2,5 à 15 ans, suivis régulièrement par le centre de référence du SPW. Trois études prospectives sont présentées. La première décrit la prise en charge et la scolarité de ces 36 enfants, leurs compétences cognitives et leurs comportements adaptatifs ainsi que les comportements connus comme problématiques chez les adolescents et les adultes SPW. L’ensemble de ces données sont étudiées de façon comparative entre les enfants de moins de 5 ans et ceux de plus de 6 ans. Nos résultats apportent un éclairage nouveau sur les caractéristiques de ces jeunes enfants SPW qui sont, en de nombreux points, différentes des descriptions issues des études rétrospectives. La seconde étude transversale décrit les aptitudes des 27 enfants de plus de 6 ans à apparier, dénommer et attribuer des émotions. Leurs performances sont comparées à celles d’enfants typiques appariés sur l’âge de développement et sur l’âge chronologique. Les résultats de cette étude pionnière montrent que les enfants SPW ont des compétences hétérogènes pour identifier les émotions, il existe à la fois un effet de l’émotion et un effet de la tâche. Enfin, la dernière étude présente les résultats d’un suivi longitudinal de 4 ans pour 10 enfants. Les compétences cognitives et les comportements adaptatifs sont ici décrits dans leur évolution, en précisant l’émergence de certains troubles du comportement

Psychological, cognitive and behavioral aspects of children with Prader-Willi syndrom described in two transversal and one longitudinal study

Cette étude vise à décrire les caractéristiques psychologiques, cognitives et comportementales d’individus présentant un syndrome de Prader-Willi (SPW) au cours de la petite enfance et de l’enfance. La population est constituée de 36 enfants âgés de 2,5 à 15 ans, suivis régulièrement par le centre de référence du SPW. Trois études prospectives sont présentées. La première décrit la prise en charge et la scolarité de ces 36 enfants, leurs compétences cognitives et leurs comportements adaptatifs ainsi que les comportements connus comme problématiques chez les adolescents et les adultes SPW. L’ensemble de ces données sont étudiées de façon comparative entre les enfants de moins de 5 ans et ceux de plus de 6 ans. Nos résultats apportent un éclairage nouveau sur les caractéristiques de ces jeunes enfants SPW qui sont, en de nombreux points, différentes des descriptions issues des études rétrospectives. La seconde étude transversale décrit les aptitudes des 27 enfants de plus de 6 ans à apparier, dénommer et attribuer des émotions. Leurs performances sont comparées à celles d’enfants typiques appariés sur l’âge de développement et sur l’âge chronologique. Les résultats de cette étude pionnière montrent que les enfants SPW ont des compétences hétérogènes pour identifier les émotions, il existe à la fois un effet de l’émotion et un effet de la tâche. Enfin, la dernière étude présente les résultats d’un suivi longitudinal de 4 ans pour 10 enfants. Les compétences cognitives et les comportements adaptatifs sont ici décrits dans leur évolution, en précisant l’émergence de certains troubles du comportement.Our aim was to describe the psychologic, cognitive and behavioral characteristics of children with Prader-Willi syndrom (PWS). The cohort includes 36 children from 2.5 to 15 years regularly followed in the French reference centre for PWS. Three prospective studies are presented, two transversal comparative studies and one longitudinal. The first study describes, in the entire cohort, the multidisciplinary care and the scolarisation of the children, their cognitive abilities and their adaptative behaviors as well as the known behavioral which are problematic issues in adolescents and adults with PWS. We compared the data between children aged less than 5 years and children aged more than 6 years. Our results pointed out differences with the previous results already published in retrospective studies. The second transversal study describes the capacities of the 27 children aged more than 6 years to match, to label and to infer emotional states. We then compared the results of these PWS patients with results obtained from control children matched for sex and for developmental age on one hand, and for chronological age on the other hand. The results of this innovative study show that children with PWS have heterogeneous abilities for the identification of the emotions, with an effect of the nature of the emotion and of the task. Finally, the last study describes the results of a 4 years longitudinal study of 10 children in terms of phenotypic evolution during the transition from early childhood to childhood. The evolution of their cognitive abilities and of their adaptative behaviors is detailed, showing the emergence of some behavioral troubles

Aspects psychologiques, cognitifs et comportementaux d'enfants présentant un syndrome de Prader-Willi (étude transversale et étude longitudinale)

Cette étude vise à décrire les caractéristiques psychologiques, cognitives et comportementales d individus présentant un syndrome de Prader-Willi (SPW) au cours de la petite enfance et de l enfance. La population est constituée de 36 enfants âgés de 2,5 à 15 ans, suivis régulièrement par le centre de référence du SPW. Trois études prospectives sont présentées. La première décrit la prise en charge et la scolarité de ces 36 enfants, leurs compétences cognitives et leurs comportements adaptatifs ainsi que les comportements connus comme problématiques chez les adolescents et les adultes SPW. L ensemble de ces données sont étudiées de façon comparative entre les enfants de moins de 5 ans et ceux de plus de 6 ans. Nos résultats apportent un éclairage nouveau sur les caractéristiques de ces jeunes enfants SPW qui sont, en de nombreux points, différentes des descriptions issues des études rétrospectives. La seconde étude transversale décrit les aptitudes des 27 enfants de plus de 6 ans à apparier, dénommer et attribuer des émotions. Leurs performances sont comparées à celles d enfants typiques appariés sur l âge de développement et sur l âge chronologique. Les résultats de cette étude pionnière montrent que les enfants SPW ont des compétences hétérogènes pour identifier les émotions, il existe à la fois un effet de l émotion et un effet de la tâche. Enfin, la dernière étude présente les résultats d un suivi longitudinal de 4 ans pour 10 enfants. Les compétences cognitives et les comportements adaptatifs sont ici décrits dans leur évolution, en précisant l émergence de certains troubles du comportement.Our aim was to describe the psychologic, cognitive and behavioral characteristics of children with Prader-Willi syndrom (PWS). The cohort includes 36 children from 2.5 to 15 years regularly followed in the French reference centre for PWS. Three prospective studies are presented, two transversal comparative studies and one longitudinal. The first study describes, in the entire cohort, the multidisciplinary care and the scolarisation of the children, their cognitive abilities and their adaptative behaviors as well as the known behavioral which are problematic issues in adolescents and adults with PWS. We compared the data between children aged less than 5 years and children aged more than 6 years. Our results pointed out differences with the previous results already published in retrospective studies. The second transversal study describes the capacities of the 27 children aged more than 6 years to match, to label and to infer emotional states. We then compared the results of these PWS patients with results obtained from control children matched for sex and for developmental age on one hand, and for chronological age on the other hand. The results of this innovative study show that children with PWS have heterogeneous abilities for the identification of the emotions, with an effect of the nature of the emotion and of the task. Finally, the last study describes the results of a 4 years longitudinal study of 10 children in terms of phenotypic evolution during the transition from early childhood to childhood. The evolution of their cognitive abilities and of their adaptative behaviors is detailed, showing the emergence of some behavioral troubles.TOULOUSE2-SCD-Bib. electronique (315559903) / SudocSudocFranceF

Apprendre les émotions aux enfants porteurs d’un syndrome de Prader-Willi : le programme EMOT

International audienc

Equivocal expression of emotions in children with Prader-Willi syndrome: what are the consequences for emotional abilities and social adjustment?

International audienc

What underlies emotion regulation abilities? An innovative programme based on an integrative developmental approach to improve emotional competencies: Promising results in children with Prader–Willi syndrome

International audienceBackground: This study aimed to test the effect of a new training programme on emotional competencies, named EMO-T, and to show the value of an integrative developmental approach. This approach postulates that the emotion regulation disturbances commonly observed in neurodevelopmental disorders are the consequence of potential disruptions in the prerequisite emotion skills. This integrative approach is particularly suitable in the case of complex and multidimensional disorders such as Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS), a rare genetic disease.Methods: We examined the emotion expression, recognition, comprehension, and regulation skills in 25 PWS children aged 5–10 and 50 typically developing children (TD) aged 3–10. After a pre-test session, half of the PWS children participated in the EMO-T programme with their regular therapist for 6 weeks, while the other half continued their usual rehabilitation programme. Two post-test sessions were conducted, one at the end of the programme and one 3 months later.Results: At pre-test, PWS children displayed a deficit in the four emotional competencies (EC). PWS children who participated in the EMO-T programme showed a significant and sustainable post-test improvement regarding voluntary expression and emotion recognition abilities, such that the level reached was no longer different from the baseline level of TD children. They also tended to improve in their emotion regulation, although they received no specific training in this skill.Discussion: These results support that emotion regulation abilities require prerequisite emotion skills, which should be more fully considered in current training programmes. Because emotion regulation disorders strongly impact all areas of life, an integrative developmental approach appears crucial especially in the case of neurodevelopmental disorders. Further studies should be conducted to explore this perspective

Adolescents obèses : évaluation de l'image du corps, de l'estime de soi, de l'anxiété et de la dépression

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PET scan perfusion imaging in the Prader–Willi syndrome: new insights into the psychiatric and social disturbances

The Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS), a rare multisystem genetic disease, leads to severe disabilities, such as morbid obesity, endocrine dysfunctions, psychiatric disorders, and social disturbances. We explored the whole brain of patients with PWS to detect abnormalities that might explain the behavioral and social disturbances, as well as the psychiatric disorders of these patients. Nine patients with PWS (six males, three females; mean age 16.4 years) underwent a positron emission tomography (PET) scan with H215O as a tracer to measure regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). The images were compared with those acquired from nine controls (six males, three females; mean age 21.2 years). A morphologic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was also performed in PWS patients, and their cognitive and behavioral skills were assessed with Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children III and the Child Behavior Check List (CBCL). The MRI images showed no evident anatomic abnormalities, whereas PET scans revealed hypoperfused brain regions in PWS patients compared with controls, particularly in the anterior cingulum and superior temporal regions. We observed a significant relationship (P<0.05) between rCBF in the hypoperfused regions and CBCL scores. The functional consequences of these perfusion abnormalities in specific brain regions might explain the behavioral and social problems observed in these individuals