Heat waves and climate change: applying the health belief model to identify predictors of risk perception and adaptive behaviours in Adelaide, Australia

Heat waves are considered a health risk and they are likely to increase in frequency, intensity and duration as a consequence of climate change. The effects of heat waves on human health could be reduced if individuals recognise the risks and adopt healthy behaviours during a heat wave. The purpose of this study was to determine the predictors of risk perception using a heat wave scenario and identify the constructs of the health belief model that could predict adaptive behaviours during a heat wave. A cross-sectional study was conducted during the summer of 2012 among a sample of persons aged between 30 to 69 years in Adelaide. Participants’ perceptions were assessed using the health belief model as a conceptual frame. Their knowledge about heat waves and adaptive behaviours during heat waves was also assessed. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the predictors of risk perception to a heat wave scenario and adaptive behaviours during a heat wave. Of the 267 participants, about half (50.9%) had a high risk perception to heat waves while 82.8% had good adaptive behaviours during a heat wave. Multivariate models found that age was a significant predictor of risk perception. In addition, participants who were married (OR = 0.21; 95% CI, 0.07–0.62), who earned a gross annual household income of ≥$60,000 (OR = 0.41; 95$60,000 (OR = 2.66; 95% CI, 1.07–6.56) were more likely to have good adaptive behaviours during a heat wave. The health belief model could be useful to guide the design and implementation of interventions to promote adaptive behaviours during heat waves.Derick A. Akompab, Peng Bi, Susan Williams, Janet Grant, Iain A. Walker and Martha Augoustino

Cefaléia no lupus eritematoso sistêmico: prevalência e condições associadas Headache and systemic lupus erythematosus: prevalence and associated conditions

OBJETIVO: Comparar a prevalência de cefaléia entre a população com lupus e normal e verificar as condições associadas à sua presença. MÉTODO: Analisaram-se 49 pacientes com lupus eritematoso (LES) e 50 controles quanto a episódios de cefaléia (enxaqueca e tensional). Em pacientes com LES estudou-se: presença de Raynaud, telangiectasias, vasculites cutâneas, convulsões e de anticorpos antifosfolípideos. RESULTADOS: Dos lúpicos com LES, 42 tinham cefaléia (85,7%), sendo 29 casos de enxaqueca e 13 tensional; no grupo controle, 28 tinham cefaléia (57,14%), sendo 18 com enxaqueca e 10 tensionais (p=0,0026 para enxaqueca). Nos pacientes com LES não se encontrou associação entre enxaqueca e Raynaud (p=0,34), telangiectasias (p=0,77), vasculites cutâneas (p=0,63) e convulsões (p=0,13). Também não se encontrou associação entre enxaqueca e anticorpos anticardiolipina Ig G (p=0,45), IgM (p=0,07) ou LAC (p=0,59). CONCLUSÃO: Enxaqueca é mais prevalente na população com L v ES. Este achado não está associado com Raynaud, telangiectasias, vasculites cutâneas, convulsões e anticorpos antifosfolípideos.<br>OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence of headache in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and normal population as well as associated conditions. METHOD: Forty nine SLE patients and 50 controls were analyzed for presence of headaches (tensional and migraine). In the SLE group, we studied the occurrence of Raynaud, teleangiectasis, cutaneous vasculitis, convulsions and antiphospholipid antibodies. RESULTS: Among SLE patients, 42 had headaches (85.7%), 29 with migraine and 13 tensional; on the control group, 28 had headaches (57.1%), 18 migraine and 10 tension type with p=0.0026 for migraine. In SLE patients we did not find any association between migraine and Raynaud (p=0.34), teleangiectasis (p=0.77), cutaneous vasculitis (p=0.63), seizures (p=0.13), aCl IgG (p=0.45), IgM (=0.07) and LAC (p=0.59). CONCLUSION: Migraine is more prevalent in the SLE population. However, it has no relationship with Raynaud, teleangiectasis, seizures, cutaneous vasculitis and antiphospholipid antibodies