Application of Fuzzy Algorithms for Controlling the Modes of Solar Panels in Technological Monitoring at Peak Load

The functional structure of geoecological and technological monitoring systems is analyzed. It is shown that the complication of the multifunctional automated system of geoecological and technological monitoring (MF AS) and the increase in its dynamics aggravates uncertainty of its condition estimation. An uncertainty model of the state of a multifunctional automated system of geoecological and technological monitoring has been developed. To implement the model, fuzzy sets of linguistic estimates fluctuating in time are obtained. The application of fuzzy algorithms to control the modes of solar panels and the detection of failures in thermoelectric systems has been carried out. As a result of the simulation, an increase in the efficiency of the thermoelectric system was revealed by reducing peak loads by 28% and, accordingly, reducing the probability of failures by almost 2 times

Near-seismic effects in ULF fields and seismo-acoustic emission: statistics and explanation

International audiencePreseismic intensification of fracturing has been investigated from occurrence analysis of seismo-acoustic pulses (SA foreshocks) and ULF magnetic pulses (ULF foreshocks) observed in Karimshino station in addition to seismic foreshocks. Such analysis is produced for about 40 rather strong and nearby isolated earthquakes during 2 years of recording. It is found that occurrence rate of SA foreshocks increases in the interval (-12, 0 h) before main shock with 3-times exceeding of background level in the interval (-6, -3 h), and occurrence probability of SA foreshocks (pA~75%) is higher than probability of seismic foreshocks (ps~30%) in the same time interval.ULF foreshocks are masked by regular ULF activity at local morning and daytime, nevertheless we have discovered an essential ULF intensity increase in the interval (-3, +1 h) at the frequency range 0.05-0.3 Hz. Estimated occurrence probability of ULF foreshocks is about 40%. After theoretical consideration we conclude: 1) Taking into account the number rate of SA foreshocks, their amplitude and frequency range, they emit due to opening of fractures with size of L=70-200 m (M=1-2); 2) The electro-kinetic effect is the most promising mechanism of ULF foreshocks, but it is efficient only if two special conditions are fulfilled: a) origin of fractures near fluid-saturated places or liquid reservoirs (aquifers); b) appearance of open porosity or initiation of percolation instability; 3) Both SA and ULF magnetic field pulses are related to near-distant fractures (r<20-30 km); 4) Taking into account number rate and activation period of seismic, SA and ULF foreshocks, it is rather probable that opening of fractures and rupture of fluid reservoirs occur in the large preparation area with horizontal size about 100-200km

Possible seismo-ionosphere perturbations revealed by VLF signals collected on ground and on a satellite

The results of the monitoring of three VLF/LF signals collected in Petropavlovsk station (Kamchatka, Russia) and one VLF signal collected on board of the DEMETER French satellite are presented. Two periods of the seismic activity occurred in the Japan-Kamchatka area during November&amp;ndash;December 2004 and July&amp;ndash;September 2005 were investigated and the earthquakes with M&amp;ge;6.0 in the Japan-Kamchatka area, located inside one or more of the third Fresnel zones of the three radio paths were considered. The ground data were analysed using residual signal of phase &lt;i&gt;dP&lt;/i&gt; or of amplitude &lt;i&gt;dA&lt;/i&gt;, defined as the difference between the signal and the average of few quiet days (&amp;plusmn;5 days) immediately preceding or following the current day. Also the satellite data were processed by a method based on the difference between the real signal and the reference one, but in order to obtain this last signal it was necessary to construct previously a model of the signal distribution over the selected area. The method consists: (a) in averaging all the data available in the considered region over a period characterized by low level seismicity, regardless of the global disturbances, in particular, of the magnetic activity; (b) in computing a polynomial expression for the surface as a function of the longitude and the latitude. The model well describes the real data in condition of their completeness and in absence of magnetic storms or seismic forcing. In the quoted periods of seismic activity clear anomalies both in the ground and in satellite data were revealed. The influence of the geomagnetic activity cannot to be excluded, but the seismic forcing seems more probable

Original Russian Text ©

905 This Letter is devoted to the optical anisotropy arising in a moving medium, where the velocity of light propagation depends on the velocity and direction of motion of the medium. In a rotating medium, the light trajectory is curved The transverse entrainment can be observed for radiation propagating in a rotating optical disk (OD). In 1977, Bilger and Stowell [2] performed an experiment with light propagating in a rotating OD arranged in a laser ring interferometer. The results were interpreted in terms of the Fizeau effect. However, since the rotating disk features a tangential discontinuity of the light propagation velocity on the flat surface, the phase shift in circulating electromagnetic waves was related to both longitudinal and transverse entrainment of the wave. This is confirmed by calculations based on a solution to the dispersion equation, which show that an additional shift of the interference pattern in such experiments can amount to about 20% of the value due to the longitudinal Fizeau effect Below, we consider the results of interferometric experiments in which the optical anisotropy of light propagating in a rotating transparent medium has been studied as a function of the rotation speed. Here, by the optical anisotropy we imply the dependence of the velocity of light on the velocity and direction of motion of the medium where it propagates. The entrainment of light in a moving medium was studied using an interferometer, in which the light was introduced via a flat surface of a rotating OD In the proposed scheme, the beam of laser L is divided by beam splitter BS into two beams. These beams are directed by mirrors M 1 and M 2 so as to pass via the OD in opposite directions. As a result of the OD rotation, one beam acquires a positive, and the other beam, a negative phase shift. Then, the two beams are mixed in the BS, and the mixed beam directed by mirror M 3 passes through optical system OS and strikes photodetector PD. Reversal of the direction of OD rotation leads to a change in the direction of the shift of interference fringes observed in the aperture plane of the PD. The optical path length in the OD was increased due to the multiple reflection of beams from mirror flat surfaces (the front flat surface was mirror coated in the central part, and the rear surface was entirely mirror coated). To the first approximation, the proposed scheme is equivalent to a one-pass Fizeau interferometer. Let us Abstract -We consider the first results of measurements of the effect of a velocity vector field in a rotating transparent medium on the light propagation velocity c in this medium. Laser radiation with a wavelength of λ = 0.632991 µ m passed through a rotating optical disk with n = 1.7125 in an interferometer, where the beam path length projected on the flat disk surface was l = 30.4 mm, the disk thickness was d = 20 mm, and the angle of light incidence on the flat disk surface was ϑ 0 = 50.7 ° . The disk rotation speed was varied up to 380 Hz, which corresponded to a projection of V 2 n = 36 m/s of the medium velocity onto the wave vector of the electromagnetic wave. The experimental data confirmed to the first approximation the classical linear dependence of the shift of interference fringes on the velocity of a rotating medium

Where is SUSY?

The direct searches for Superymmetry at colliders can be complemented by direct searches for dark matter (DM) in underground experiments, if one assumes the Lightest Supersymmetric Particle (LSP) provides the dark matter of the universe. It will be shown that within the Constrained minimal Supersymmetric Model (CMSSM) the direct searches for DM are complementary to direct LHC searches for SUSY and Higgs particles using analytical formulae. A combined excluded region from LHC, WMAP and XENON100 will be provided, showing that within the CMSSM gluinos below 1 TeV and LSP masses below 160 GeV are excluded (m_{1/2} > 400 GeV) independent of the squark masses.Comment: 16 pages, 10 figure

Identification of Thioredoxin Glutathione Reductase Inhibitors That Kill Cestode and Trematode Parasites

Parasitic flatworms are responsible for serious infectious diseases that affect humans as well as livestock animals in vast regions of the world. Yet, the drug armamentarium available for treatment of these infections is limited: praziquantel is the single drug currently available for 200 million people infected with Schistosoma spp. and there is justified concern about emergence of drug resistance. Thioredoxin glutathione reductase (TGR) is an essential core enzyme for redox homeostasis in flatworm parasites. In this work, we searched for flatworm TGR inhibitors testing compounds belonging to various families known to inhibit thioredoxin reductase or TGR and also additional electrophilic compounds. Several furoxans and one thiadiazole potently inhibited TGRs from both classes of parasitic flatworms: cestoda (tapeworms) and trematoda (flukes), while several benzofuroxans and a quinoxaline moderately inhibited TGRs. Remarkably, five active compounds from diverse families possessed a phenylsulfonyl group, strongly suggesting that this moiety is a new pharmacophore. The most active inhibitors were further characterized and displayed slow and nearly irreversible binding to TGR. These compounds efficiently killed Echinococcus granulosus larval worms and Fasciola hepatica newly excysted juveniles in vitro at a 20 µM concentration. Our results support the concept that the redox metabolism of flatworm parasites is precarious and particularly susceptible to destabilization, show that furoxans can be used to target both flukes and tapeworms, and identified phenylsulfonyl as a new drug-hit moiety for both classes of flatworm parasites

Phylogenomics of Unusual Histone H2A Variants in Bdelloid Rotifers

Rotifers of Class Bdelloidea are remarkable in having evolved for millions of years, apparently without males and meiosis. In addition, they are unusually resistant to desiccation and ionizing radiation and are able to repair hundreds of radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks per genome with little effect on viability or reproduction. Because specific histone H2A variants are involved in DSB repair and certain meiotic processes in other eukaryotes, we investigated the histone H2A genes and proteins of two bdelloid species. Genomic libraries were built and probed to identify histone H2A genes in Adineta vaga and Philodina roseola, species representing two different bdelloid families. The expressed H2A proteins were visualized on SDS-PAGE gels and identified by tandem mass spectrometry. We find that neither the core histone H2A, present in nearly all other eukaryotes, nor the H2AX variant, a ubiquitous component of the eukaryotic DSB repair machinery, are present in bdelloid rotifers. Instead, they are replaced by unusual histone H2A variants of higher mass. In contrast, a species of rotifer belonging to the facultatively sexual, desiccation- and radiation-intolerant sister class of bdelloid rotifers, the monogononts, contains a canonical core histone H2A and appears to lack the bdelloid H2A variant genes. Applying phylogenetic tools, we demonstrate that the bdelloid-specific H2A variants arose as distinct lineages from canonical H2A separate from those leading to the H2AX and H2AZ variants. The replacement of core H2A and H2AX in bdelloid rotifers by previously uncharacterized H2A variants with extended carboxy-terminal tails is further evidence for evolutionary diversity within this class of histone H2A genes and may represent adaptation to unusual features specific to bdelloid rotifers

ПРОГНОСТИЧЕСКИЕ БИОМАРКЕРЫ НЕОПЛАЗИИ ЖЕЛУДОЧНО-КИШЕЧНОГО ТРАКТА

In the era of personalized treatment, oncologists are striving to tailor medical treatment to the characteristics of the individual patient, emphasizing the importance of a continuous search for accurate biomarkers. Prognostic biomarkers reflect the intricate underlying biology that enables cancer to progress. Intratumoral heterogeneity includes genetic, epigenetic and functional heterogeneity. Genetic intratumoral heterogeneity is a consequence of clonal evolution and a cause of disease progression. During the oncogenesis process, genetic aberrations accumulate continuously, result of this process is that tumors are genetically heterogeneous, with a plurality of coexisting clones that vary over time. Herewith specific mutations are associated with particular stages of tumor development, correlates with specific histopathological disease stages. Many patients with colorectal cancer have disease recurrence after resection of the tumor despite adjuvant therapy, while some patients don’t have a relapse despite the absence of treatment. Identifying reliable predictors of outcome after resection is a universal problem. So the reassessment of the current criteria and better prognostic and predictive biomarkers for the selection of patients who might benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy are urgently needed. A prognostic biomarker reflects the natural history of the tumor and provides information on the likely outcome and prognosis, independent of a specific treatment. Predictive biomarkers indicate the sensitivity or resistance of the tumor to a given treatment. Some markers can be both prognostic and predictive. Gene mutations and epigenetic aberrations that modify the intracellular signaling pathways may be important factors in oncogenesis. In this context, oncogenes, genes – tumor suppressors and small non-coding RNA have attracted attention as potential biomarkers and regulators of oncogenesis and evaluate in clinical trials.В эпоху персонализированного лечения онкологи стремятся адаптировать лечение к особенностям конкретного пациента, подчеркивая важность непрерывного поиска точных биомаркеров. Прогностические биомаркеры отражают сложную биологию, которая позволяет раковой опухоли прогрессировать. Внутриопухолевая гетерогенность включает в себя генетическую, эпигенетическую и функциональную. Генетическая внутриопухолевая гетерогенность является следствием клональной эволюции и причиной прогрессирования заболевания. В процессе онкогенеза постоянно накапливаются генетические аберрации, в результате чего раковые опухоли становятся генетически гетерогенными, с множеством сосуществующих клонов, меняющихся с течением времени. При этом специфические мутации ассоциированы с определенными стадиями развития опухоли, которые коррелируют с соответствующими гистопатологическими стадиями заболевания. Многие пациенты с колоректальным раком после резекции опухоли имеют рецидив заболевания, несмотря на проведение адъювантной терапии, в то время как у некоторых пациентов не происходит рецидива, несмотря на отсутствие лечения. Выявление надежных предикторов исхода после резекции остается важной проблемой, поэтому срочно необходимы переоценка существующих критериев и поиск новых прогностических и предиктивных биомаркеров для отбора пациентов, которые могли бы получить пользу от адъювантной химиотерапии. Прогностический биомаркер отражает естественную историю развития опухоли и предоставляет информацию о вероятном исходе и прогнозе независимо от специфического лечения. Предиктивные биомаркеры указывают на чувствительность или резистентность опухоли к определенному лечению. Некоторые биомаркеры могут быть одновременно прогностическими и предиктивными. Генные мутации и эпигенетические аберрации, изменяющие внутриклеточные сигнальные пути, могут быть важными факторами онкогенеза. В этом контексте онкогены, гены-супрессоры опухолей и малые некодирующие молекулы РНК привлекают внимание в качестве потенциальных регуляторов и биомаркеров онкогенеза и оцениваются в клинических исследованиях