Historia i jej cienie. Nowe opowieści rodzinne jako refleksja o skomplikowanej przeszłości

Generationserzählungen haben sich in der deutschen Sprache als eine erfolgversprechende, aber auch sehr wandelbare Gattung erwiesen. Der einleitende Beitrag fokussiert auf die Fähigkeit des Narrativs, die deutsche und europäische Geschichte mitzugestalten und auch umzuschreiben. Dabei greifen jüngere Werke Vergessenes und fehlendes Wissen auf und verarbeiten weite Zeiträume imaginativ. Durch ihre vielschichtigen Zugriffe auf die Zeit reflektiert die einschlägige Literatur nicht nur über die Vergangenheit, sondern auch grundsätzlicher über den ästhetischen Umgang mit der Zeit und ihre sprachlichen Darstellungsmöglichkeiten.Generational narratives have proven to be a promising but also very uneven genre in the German language. This introductory article focuses on the ability of the narrative to create and recreate German and European history. In recent works, forgotten and missing knowledge is recovered, and distant times are processed imaginatively. Through its multilayered access to time, the relevant literature not only reflects on the past, but also more fundamentally, on the aesthetic representation of time and its linguistic expression.Opowieści rodzinne odnoszą w niemieckim obszarze językowym duże sukcesy, ale są też gatunkiem, podlegającym ciągłym ewolucjom. Niniejszy artykuł zakłada, że narracja jest zdolna współkształtować niemiecką i europejską historię a nawet nadawać jej nowe znaczenie. Utwory literackie ostatnich lat odwołują się zarówno do procesu zapominania jak i do braku odpowiedniej wiedzy; stąd całe przestrzenie czasowe są przepracowane przez wyobraźnię twórców. Dzięki wielorakim odniesieniom do pojęcia czasu, literatura sięga nie tylko do przeszłości, ale przygląda się możliwościom estetycznego i językowego oglądu fenomenu czasu

Powiązania rodzinne. Rozmowa z NATASCHĄ WODIN

NATASCHA WODINS Familiengeschichte beleuchtet das überwältigende Ausmaß der Zwangsarbeit in Deutschland während der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus. Dieser Teil der Geschichte wurde im kulturellen Gedächtnis der Deutschen bislang vernachlässigt. Im vorliegenden Interview erörtert die Autorin die Hintergründe über die Recherche und Arbeit an ihren letzten beiden Generationserzählungen Sie kam aus Mariupol (2017) und Irgendwo in diesem Dunkel (2018). WODIN rekapituliert das schwierige Leben mit ihrer Familiengeschichte und gibt Einblick in ihre Schreibstrategien. Eine Einführung in WODINS Werk geht dem Gespräch voran.NATASCHA WODIN’S family story illuminates the overwhelming extent of forced labour in Germany during the years of National Socialism. This aspect of history has been neglected so far in the German cultural memory. In this present interview the author presents more information about her research and her work on her last two generational stories She Came from Mariupol (2017) and Anywhere in this Darkness (2018). WODIN recalls the problematic life with her family history and introduces us to her writing strategies. The interview is preceded by an introduction to her work.Historia rodziny NATASCHY WODIN rzuca światło na skalę zjawiska pracy przymusowej w nazistowskich Niemczech. Ten aspekt historii Niemiec jest jak dotąd nieprzepracowany przez pamięć kulturową. Autorka ujawnia w publikowanym wywiadzie szczegóły, dotyczące poszukiwań dokumentów i pracy nad jej ostatnimi opowiadaniami Sie kam aus Mariupol (2017) / Przybyła z Mariupola oraz Irgendwo in diesem Dunkel (2018) / Gdzieś w tej ciemności. WODIN wspomina, jak trudno było jej żyć z własną historią rodzinną i opowiada o swym warsztacie pisarskim. Zapis rozmowy poprzedzony jest wprowadzeniem do twórczości NATASCHY WODIN

Acridine functionalized covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as photocatalysts for metallaphotocatalytic C–N cross-coupling

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are structurally tuneable, porous and crystalline polymers constructed through the covalent attachment of small organic building blocks as elementary units. Using the myriad of such building blocks, a broad spectrum of functionalities has been applied for COF syntheses for broad applications, including heterogeneous catalysis. Herein, we report the synthesis of a new family of porous and crystalline COFs using a novel acridine linker and benzene-1,3,5-tricarbaldehyde derivatives bearing a variable number of hydroxy groups. With the broad absorption in the visible light region the COFs were applied as photocatalysts in metallaphotocatalytic C–N cross coupling. The fully β-ketoenamine linked COF showed the highest activity, due to the increased charge separation upon irradiation. The COF showed good to excellent yields for several aryl bromides, good recyclability and even catalysed the organic transformation in presence of green light as energy source

Creazione e (ri-)nascita del soggetto femminile

This article presents three modern female writers who (re-)create forms of self-awareness and identity in their literary texts. Sibilla Aleramo, Colette, and Mela Hartwig share the experience of patriarchal hegemony, the lack of a female writing tradition and an avant-gardist search for new identity constructions. All three became successful writers, but only for a short time before they went to exile, were silenced or marginalized. Their approaches include a plurality of voices that range from the re-enactment of the past—through mythologies, childhood, foundation narratives or matrilinear genealogies—to decompositions or destructive fantasies. As contemporaries from different European countries together they paved the way for experimental approaches to the (re-)creation of female writing in the early twentieth century. However, their understanding of the female role also undermines the traditional binarism inducing new forms of expression. By comparing their literature this article highlights their decisive roles in the articulation of subjectivity and suggests to reintegrate their work into the literary canon of European modernism

The impact of performing gastric cancer surgery during holiday periods. A population-based study using Dutch upper gastrointestinal cancer audit (DUCA) data

Existing literature suggests inferior quality of oncologic surgery during holiday periods. This study aimed to investigate the impact of holiday periods on surgical treatment of gastric cancer in the Netherlands. This nationwide study included all gastric cancer patients undergoing potentially curative surgery registered in the Dutch Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer Audit (DUCA). For each patient it was established whether they underwent surgery during or outside the 11 Dutch holiday weeks, based on date and region of surgery. Separate, single-day holidays were not included. Baseline and treatment characteristics were compared using descriptive statistics. Time from diagnosis to treatment and short-term surgical outcomes were compared using multilevel multivariable logistic regression analyses. To prevent bias from recent advancements, analyses were repeated in a recent cohort of patients (2015-2018). Between 2011-2018, 3440 patients were included in the DUCA. Some 555 (16.1%) patients underwent surgery during 11 holiday weeks. There were no differences in patient, tumor and treatment characteristics and time to treatment between holidays and non-holidays. Tumor-positive resection margins (R1/R2 vs R0) occurred more frequent during holidays (aOR:1.47, 95%CI:1.07-2.04). Subgroup analyses in a recent cohort of patients also found higher tumor-positive resection margins (aOR:1.59, 95%CI:1.01-2.43) and higher failure-to-rescue rates (aOR:2.55, 95%CI:1.18-5.49) during holidays. Even though time to treatment and patient, tumor and treatment characteristics were comparable between holidays and non-holidays, tumor-positive resection margin and failure to-rescue rates were higher during holidays. This suggests that steps must be taken to keep specialized and dedicated gastric cancer expertise up to standard during holiday periods. (C)& nbsp;2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc.& nbsp;& nbsp

Postoperative intensive care unit stay after minimally invasive esophagectomy shows large hospital variation:Results from the Dutch Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer Audit

Item does not contain fulltextINTRODUCTION: The value of routine intensive care unit (ICU) admission after minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) has been questioned. This study aimed to investigate Dutch hospital variation regarding length of direct postoperative ICU stay, and the impact of this hospital variation on short-term surgical outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients registered in the Dutch Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer Audit (DUCA) undergoing curative MIE were included. Length of direct postoperative ICU stay was dichotomized around the national median into short ICU stay ( ≤ 1 day) and long ICU stay ( > 1 day). A case-mix corrected funnel plot based on multivariable logistic regression analyses investigated hospital variation. The impact of this hospital variation on short-term surgical outcomes was investigated using multilevel multivariable logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Between 2017 and 2019, 2110 patients from 16 hospitals were included. Median length of postoperative ICU stay was 1 day [hospital variation: 0-4]. The percentage of short ICU stay ranged from 0 to 91% among hospitals. Corrected for case-mix, 7 hospitals had statistically significantly higher short ICU stay rates and 6 hospitals had lower rates. ICU readmission, in-hospital/30-day mortality, failure to rescue, postoperative pneumonia, cardiac complications and anastomotic leakage were not associated with hospital variation in length of ICU stay. Total length of hospital stay was significantly shorter in hospitals with relatively short ICU stay. CONCLUSION: This study showed significant hospital variation in postoperative length of ICU stay after MIE. Short ICU stay was associated with shorter overall hospital admission and did not negatively impact short-term surgical outcomes. More selected use of ICU resources could result in a national significant cost reduction

Cardiorespiratory comorbidity and postoperative complications following esophagectomy: a European multicenter cohort study

BACKGROUND: The impact of cardiorespiratory comorbidity on operative outcomes after esophagectomy remains controversial. This study investigated the effect of cardiorespiratory comorbidity on postoperative complications for patients treated for esophageal or gastroesophageal junction cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A European multicenter cohort study from five high-volume esophageal cancer centers including patients treated between 2010 and 2017 was conducted. The effect of cardiorespiratory comorbidity and respiratory function upon postoperative outcomes was assessed. RESULTS: In total 1590 patients from five centers were included; 274 (17.2%) had respiratory comorbidity, and 468 (29.4%) had cardiac comorbidity. Respiratory comorbidity was associated with increased risk of overall postoperative complications, anastomotic leak, pulmonary complications, pneumonia, increased Clavien-Dindo score, and critical care and hospital length of stay. After neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, respiratory comorbidity was associated with increased risk of anastomotic leak [odds ratio (OR) 1.83, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11-3.04], pneumonia (OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.10-2.47), and any pulmonary complication (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.04-2.22), an effect which was not observed following neoadjuvant chemotherapy or surgery alone. Cardiac comorbidity was associated with increased risk of cardiovascular and pulmonary complications, respiratory failure, and Clavien-Dindo score ≥ IIIa. Among all patients, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio > 70% was associated with reduced risk of overall postoperative complications, cardiovascular complications, atrial fibrillation, pulmonary complications, and pneumonia. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that cardiorespiratory comorbidity and impaired pulmonary function are associated with increased risk of postoperative complications after esophagectomy performed in high-volume European centers. Given the observed interaction with neoadjuvant approach, these data indicate a potentially modifiable index of perioperative risk