Análisis de las lesiones más frecuentes en pruebas de velocidad, medio fondo y fondo

El propósito de este trabajo fue el de revisar y analizar la tipología de las lesiones más frecuentes derivadas de la práctica del atletismo, en sus modalidades de carrera de velocidad, medio-fondo y fondo, y que podían ocurrir durante su práctica continuada. Los datos de este trabajo se extrajeron de un estudio descriptivo transversal, realizado por muestreo aleatorio simple en Galicia durante el año 2002, sobre un total de 135 atletas. Los instrumentos de recogida de datos fueron: cuestionario formado por 30 ítems y entrevista personal. La duración de la recogida de datos fue de 5 meses. Del análisis de los datos, se identificaron las lesiones más frecuentes, a la vez que se analizaron sus posibles causas y factores de riesgo. Como conclusión del trabajo se propone un plan de prevención, relacionado con aquellas lesiones más frecuentes, detectadas en el estudio

School sport programs in Spain and the participation of the educational personnel

Las Comunidades Autónomas de España (CCAA) tienen competencias en la promoción deportiva escolar. La participación de agentes educativos en sus planes y programas es necesaria para una correcta pedagogía del deporte. Este trabajo presenta como objetivo el análisis de los agentes involucrados en la gestión, organización y puesta en práctica de los planes deportivos escolares, así como la implicación de agentes del ámbito educativo. Se realizó un estudio transversal sobre una muestra de 15 CCAA. Los datos fueron extraídos a través de diferentes técnicas de investigación cualitativa. Los resultados muestran una falta de uniformidad en la gestión de los planes autonómicos de deporte escolar, detectándose una importante ausencia de implicación de agentes educativosThe Autonomous Communities in Spain (CCAA in Spanish) have the competency to promote sports in schools. The participation of educational personnel in their programs is necessary for the correct tutoring ability of any sport. This study’s objective was to analyze the personnel involved in the management, organization and putting into practice the school sports programs, as well as the involvement of the personnel within the educational realm. We carried out a transverse study in a sample of 15 CCAA. The data were obtained through different qualitative investigation methods. The results showed a lack of uniformity in the management of the autonomous school sports programs, detecting an important absence of implication of the educational personne

Predictor variables of the perception of success: Differential aspects in route runners

Se pretendía conocer qué relaciones predictivas presentaban la motivación, el compromiso a correr, la adicción negativa a correr y la ansiedad precompetitiva, sobre la percepción del éxito en una amplia muestra de 1795 corredores de fondo en ruta (1105 españoles, 690 mexicanos). De ellos el 85.65% fueron hombres con una edad de M=38.98 (DT=10.45), y 14.35% mujeres, con una edad M=37.88 (DT=9.80). La recogida de datos se llevó a cabo mediante las adaptaciones al castellano del Perception of Success Questionnaire (POSQ), Motivations of Marathoners Scales-34 (MOMS-34), Commitment to Running Scale-11 (CR-11) y Revised Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2R). Se obtuvo que los valores en las orientaciones de meta de los corredores son medios y similares, aunque significativamente mayores en la muestra mexicana, debido a su mayor compromiso y motivaciones, así como a las diferencias culturales entre ambas nacionalidades. Los modelos predictores de la percepción del éxito obtenidos resultaron muy similares por nacionalidades, pero diferenciados por sexos, obteniendo altas varianzas explicativasWe pretended to find out which predictive relationships would be introduced by motivation, commitment to run, negative addiction to run and pre-competition anxiety, concerning the winning perception of a broad sample of 1795 track long-distance runners (1105 Spanish, 690 Mexicans). Of them, 85.65% were men, ages M=37.88 (SD=10.45) and 14.35% were women, ages M=37.88 (SD=9.80). The data was obtained by adapting to Spanish the following: “Perception of Success Questionnaire” (POSQ), “Motivations of Marathoners Scales-34 (MOMS-34), Commitment to Running Scale-11 (CR-11) and Revised Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2R). The values obtained on the winning orientations of the runners were average and similar, although significantly higher in the Mexican sample, due to their higher commitment and motivation, as well as the cultural differences between these nationalities. The predicting models of the success perception obtained were very similar by nationality, but differentiated by sex, obtaining high explicatory variance

The role of olive trees in rainfall erosivity and runoff and sediment yield in the soil beneath

International audienceThe modification of raindrops by the canopy of olive trees increases the kinetic energy of the rain per unit area. The kinetic energy computed from the measured drop size distribution under the tree canopy in simulated rainfall experiments is greater than that received in the open, 17.1 J mm-1, as against 15.7 J mm-1 . This causes higher soil detachment and loss than that observed outside the canopy. Tillage treatments of the soil modify its erodibility, accelerate soil detachment and reduce, simultaneously, the velocity of runoff. Both effects reduce the amount of sediment compared to that observed in the non-tilled soil. The average values of soil lost per unit of rain depth and unit area were 5.81 g mm-1 m-2 (conventional tillage) and 4.02 g mm-1 m-2 (zero tillage) under the canopy compared to 0.89 g mm-1 m-2 (conventional tillage) and 0.95 g mm-1 m-2 (zero tillage) in the open

Hidroquímica de la laguna de Tíscar (Córdoba, España)

The Natural Reserve of Westlands of Córdoba province is formed by Tiscar playa-lake and other five closed basin lagoons. The results obteined in the present work show that its basin are located on triassic saline materials, and its dissolution to originate from the ground water characteristics. The «Geochem» program application and other analitical methods show the presence of gypsum and halite minerals and the absence of calcite and dolomite in this playa-lake ecosystem.La laguna de Tíscar es uno de los seis espacios lagunares que constituyen la Reserva Natural de las Zonas húmedas de la provincia de Córdoba. De los resultados obtenidos en el presente trabajo se deduce la ubicación de dicha laguna sobre depósitos salinos triásicos, siendo la disolución de este sustrato la fuente originaria de los iones presentes en las aguas subterráneas que la alimentan. La aplicación del programa «Geochem» y la de otros métodos analíticos tradicionales, ponen de manifiesto la presencia en este medio lagunar de yeso y halita como especies minerales mayoritarias, no detectándose en ningún caso la presencia de calcita y dolomita

Percutaneous iliosacral fixation in external rotational pelvic fractures. A biomechanical analysis

Although the gold standard in open book pelvic fractures remains the pubic symphysis (PS) plate fixation, the clinical outcomes are not satisfactory, despite the excellent anatomical reduction assessed radiologically. Some authors suggest that residual instability of the posterior pelvic elements may be responsible for the chronic pain and the early osteoarthritic changes in the sacroiliac joint (SIJ). Objective To evaluate whether the isolated posterior fixation with one or two iliosacral screws (ISSs) is sufficient to provide adequate stability for the treatment of Burgess Young APC-II (YB APC-II) type of pelvic ring injuries. Methods: Biomechanical experimental study using 7 fresh human pelvises, where an YB APC-II pelvic injury was previously implemented. The isolated posterior fixation of the pelvic ring with 1 or 2 ISSs directed in the S1 vertebra body was analysed in each specimen following an axial load of 300 N. The different displacement of the SIJ and of the PS were analysed in all three spatial axes, using the validated optical measurement system 3D PONTOS 5 M. A multivariate version of Friedman test (non-parametric ANOVA for repeated measures) was performed. Results: The isolated fixation of the SIJ with 1 ISS did not show any differences with respect to the intact pelvis (p = 0.851). Regarding the PS, both type of fixations (with 1 or 2 ISSs) confirmed an acceptable correction and adequate control of the PS even though with some differences compared to the intact pelvis (p = 0.01). The presence of the second ISS found not to offer any significant additional benefit. The three-dimensional analysis of the behaviour of the pelvic elements, in these two different types of fixation, did not show any statistical significant differences (p = 0.645). Conclusion: The posterior fixation with ISS can represent an alternative option for treatment of pelvic injuries associated with rotational instability. Further prospective clinical studies are necessary to determine, the influence of the residual pubic symphysis mobility in the every day life, when the above-mentioned technique is applied

Lacosamide monotherapy in clinical practice: A retrospective chart review

Objective: To assess effectiveness and tolerability of first-line and conversion to lacosamide monotherapy for focal seizures. Materials and Methods: Retrospective, non-interventional chart review of lacosamide monotherapy patients aged ≥16 years in Europe. Outcomes included retention rate at observational point (OP) 3 (12 ± 3 months), seizure freedom rates at OP2 (6 ± 3 months) and OP3 and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Results: A total of 439 patients were included (98 first-line and 341 conversion to monotherapy; 128 aged ≥65 years [25 first-line and 103 conversion to monotherapy]). First-line and conversion to monotherapy retention rates were 60.2% (59/98; 95% confidence interval [CI] 49.8%-70.0%) and 62.5% (213/341; 57.1%-67.6%), respectively. Kaplan-Meier estimates of 12-month retention rates were 81.2% and 91.4% for first-line and conversion to monotherapy, respectively. First-line and conversion to monotherapy retention rates in patients aged ≥65 years were 60.0% (38.7%-78.9%) and 68.9% (59.1%-77.7%), respectively. At OP2, 66.3% of first-line and 63.0% of conversion to monotherapy patients were seizure free. At OP3, 60.2% of first-line and 52.5% of conversion to monotherapy patients were seizure free. In the ≥65 years subgroup, seizure freedom rates at OP2 were 72.0% and 68.0% for first-line and converted to monotherapy, respectively, and at OP3, 68.0% and 56.3%, respectively. Overall, 52 of 439 (11.8%) patients reported ADRs (16.4% in ≥65 years subgroup), most commonly dizziness (5.0%), headache (2.1%) and somnolence (1.6%). Conclusions: Lacosamide was effective and well tolerated as first-line or conversion to monotherapy in a clinical setting in adult and elderly patients with focal seizuresThis study was supported by UCB Pharm