Impact of Neonatal Manipulation of Androgen Receptor Function on Endocrine-Metabolic Programming in the Juvenile Female Rat

The impact of neonatal androgen receptor (AR) stimulation/blockage, due to testosterone propionate (TP)/AR antagonist treatment, on individual anthropometry and neuroendocrine-metabolic function was evaluated in the juvenile female rat. Pups (age 5 days) were s.c. injected with TP (1.25 mg), flutamide (F; 1.75 mg), and TP + F or vehicle (control, CT) and studied on day 30 of age. Body weight (BW), parametrial adipose tissue (PMAT) mass, food intake, adipoinsular axis, and steroidogenic functions were examined. Opposite to TP-rats, F-treated rats developed hypophagia, grew slowly (BW and PMAT), and displayed heightened peripheral insulin sensitivity. These F effects were abrogated in TP + F animals. Accordingly, TP rats displayed hyperleptinemia, an effect fully prevented by F cotreatment. Finally, androgen-treated animals bore an irreversible ovarian dysfunction (reduced circulating levels of 17HOP4 and ovary 17HOP4 content and P450c17 mRNA abundance). These data indicate that early stimulation of AR enhanced energy store, blockage of AR activity resulted in some beneficial metabolic effects, and neonatally androgenized rats developed a severe ovarian dysfunction. Our study highlights the important role of AR in the early organizational programming of metabolic and neuroendocrine functions.Fil: Ongaro, Luisina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular; ArgentinaFil: Giovambattista, Andres. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular; ArgentinaFil: Spinedi, Eduardo Julio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - la Plata. Centro de Endocrinología Experimental y Aplicada. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Cs.médicas. Centro de Endocrinología Experimental y Aplicada; Argentin

Relationship between impaired adipogenesis of retroperitoneal adipose tissue and hypertrophic obesity: role of endogenous glucocorticoid excess

Although the pro-adipogenic effect of glucocorticoid (GC) on adipose tissue (AT) precursor cell differentiation is openly accepted, the effect of chronically high peripheral levels of GC on AT mass expansion is not fully understood. In the present study, we aim to assess the in vitro adipogenic capacity of AT precursor cells isolated from retroperitoneal (RP) AT pads of the hypercorticosteronaemic, adult neonatally treated monosodium L-glutamate (MSG) male rat. To ascertain this issue, we explored the in vitro adipogenic process of stromal-vascular fraction (SVF) cells isolated from RPAT pads of 60-day-old MSG rats. The data recorded indicated that RPAT-SVF cells from hypercorticosteronaemic MSG rats, although displaying an enhanced proliferation capacity, differentiated slower than normal cells. This dysfunction was associated with a reduction in key parameters indicative of precursor cell commitment, differentiation capacity and the percentage of fully differentiated adipocytes, with a retarded maturation process. The distorted adipogenic capacity was highly conditioned by RPAT-SVF cells displaying a low committed population and both excessive and reduced expression of anti- (Pref-1 and Wnt-10b) and pro-adipogenic (mineralocorticoid receptor) signals respectively. Notably, the normalization of peripheral corticosterone levels in MSG rats, as a result of bilateral adrenalectomy combined with GC replacement therapy, fully prevented reduced RPAT precursor cell commitment and overall impaired adipogenesis. Our study strongly supports that the impaired adipogenic process observed in the adult hypertrophic obese MSG male rat is a GC-dependent mechanism, thus explaining the unhealthy RPAT expansion observed in human hypertrophic obese phenotypes, such as in the Cushing’s syndrome.Fil: Zubiría, María Guillermina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular (i); Argentina. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas; ArgentinaFil: Vidal Bravo, Juana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular (i); Argentina. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas; ArgentinaFil: Spinedi, Eduardo Julio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnológico la Plata. Centro de Endocrinologia Experimental y Aplicada (i); Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular (i); ArgentinaFil: Giovambattista, Andres. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular (i); Argentina. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentin

Inferencia del origen del bovino Criollo Cubano a través del análisis de patri- y matrilinajes

Antes de descubrimiento, no existían bovinos en América. Los primeros, fueron introducidos en la Antillas Mayores (La Española, Puerto Rico, Jamaica y Cuba), y desde allí trasladados al resto de Latinoamérica. Actualmente, existen en Cuba alrededor de 1300 bovinos Criollos, concentrados principalmente en la región oriental. Con el objetivo de analizar el origen materno de esta raza y detectar eventos contemporáneos de flujo génico por vía paterna, se analizó un fragmento de 240 pb del D-loop mitocondrial (mtADN) y 5 microsatélites del cromosoma Y (BTY), en 36 hembras y 21 machos respectivamente. La diversidad genética se estimó mediante el número de haplotipos, el número de sitios polimórficos, el número de diferencias nucleotídicas entre pares de secuencias y el índice de diversidad nucleotídica, mientras que el análisis filogenético se realizó utilizando el método de median joining network. Dicho análisis permitió detectar 15 haplotipos mitocondriales (10 del haplogrupo europeo T3, 3 del africano T1, 1 del cercano oriente T2 y 1 ambiguo T1-T3) y 3 haplotipos en el BTY, ambos del haplogrupo cebuíno Y3. En el mtADN se detectaron 23 sitios polimórficos con una diversidad nucleotídica de 0,014 y 3,36 diferencias medias entre pares de secuencias. En conclusión, la población de bovinos Criollos Cubanos presentó una composición haplotípica mitocondrial comparable a la de otras razas criollas y mediterráneas, hecho que concuerda con su origen histórico. El BTY evidenció altos niveles de introgresion paterna de genes del zebú.Cattle was absent from America before the discovery. Initially, bovine were brought to Greater Antilles (La Española, Puerto Rico, Jamaica and Cuba islands), and in the course of a few years, they were taken from Caribbean islands to the rest of Latin America. Nowadays, Cuban Creole cattle population is about 1300 heads, mainly located in the eastern region of the island. With the aim of analyzing the maternal origin of Cuban Creole cattle and detect possible contemporaneous, male mediated, gene flow, a 240 pb fragment of mitochondrial D-loop (mtDNA) and five microsatellites of Y chromosome (BTY) were studied in 36 dams and 21 sires, respectively. Genetic diversity was evaluated through number of haplotypes, mean number of pairwise differences and nucleotide diversity. The phylogenetic analysis was performed using a median joining. A total of 15 mtDNA haplotypes were detected in the studied population (10 from the European haplogroup T3, 3 from the African T1, 1 from the Nearern East T2, and 1 ambiguous T1-T3). The number of polymorphic sites, the mean nucleotide diversity, and the mean number of pairwise differences were 23, 0.014 and 3.36, respectively. Two patrilinages were detected, both belonging to the Y3 Zebu haplogroup. In conclusion, Cuban Creole cattle population had a mtDNA haplotypic composition similar to the observed in Creole and Mediterranean breeds, what is in concordance with its historical origin. Y chromosome analysis evidenced a male mediated process of zebu introgression.Fil: Liron, Juan Pedro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET- La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando Noel Dulout". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Acosta, A.. Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria. Laboratorio de Genética Molecular; CubaFil: Rogberg Muñoz, Andres. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET- La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando Noel Dulout". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Uffo, O.. Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria. Laboratorio de Genética Molecular; CubaFil: Posik, Diego Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET- La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando Noel Dulout". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Garcia, J.. Ministerio de la Agricultura. Dirección Nacional de Genética; CubaFil: Peral Garcia, Pilar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET- La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando Noel Dulout". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Giovambattista, Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET- La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando Noel Dulout". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria; Argentin

Oral metformin treatment counteracts Adipoinsular Axis Dysfunction in hypothalamic obese rats

Rats neonatally treated with monosodium L-glutamate (MSG) are deeply dysfunctional in adulthood. We explored the effect of an oral low dose of metformin treatment in male MSG rats on adipoinsular axis and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) dysfunctions, in both basal (nonfasting) and endotoxemia conditions. MSG rats, treated or not treated with metformin (30 days prior to experimentation), and control litter-mates (CTR) were studied at 90 days of age. Peripheral concentrations of glucose, lipids, and hormones were determined in basal and post-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment conditions. Food intake and body weight (BW) were recorded and VAT mass and leptin mRNA levels were evaluated. Data indicated that MSG rats were lighter and displayed hypercorticosteronemia, hypophagia, adipoinsular axis hyperactivity, and enhanced VAT mass associated with an increased leptin gene expression. Interestingly, metformin-treated MSG rats corrected BW catch-up and counteracted VAT (mass and leptin mRNA level) and adipoinsular axis (basal and post-LPS) dysfunctions. Thus metformin treatment in MSG rats is able to correct several VAT and metabolic-endocrine dysfunctions. Our study suggests that a low-dose metformin therapy is effective to correct, at least in part, adipoinsular axis dysfunction in hypertrophic obese phenotypes, such as that of the human Cushing syndrome.Fil: Castrogiovanni, Daniel Cayetano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico la Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular (i); ArgentinaFil: Ongaro, Luisina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico la Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular (i); ArgentinaFil: Zubiría, María Guillermina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico la Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular (i); ArgentinaFil: Giovambattista, Andres. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico la Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular (i); ArgentinaFil: Spinedi, Eduardo Julio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnológico la Plata. Centro de Endocrinologia Experimental y Aplicada (i); Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; Argentin

Computational prediction of nsSNPs effects on protein function and structure, a prioritization approach for further in vitro studies applied to bovine GSTP1

The development of high-throughput technologies in the last decade produced an exponential increase in the amount of biological data available. The case of redox biology and apoptosis is not an exception, and nowadays there is a need to integrate information from multiple “omics” studies. Therefore, validation of proposed discoveries is essential. However, the study in biological systems of the effect of the massive amounts of sequence variation data generated with next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies can be a very difficult and expensive process. In this context, the present study aimed to demonstrate the advantages of a computational methodology to systematically analyze the structural and functional effects of protein variants, in order to prioritize further studies. This approach stands out for its easy implementation, low costs and low time consumed. First, the possible impact of mutations on protein structure and function was tested by a combination of tools based on evolutionary and structural information. Next, homology modeling was performed to predict and compare the 3D protein structures of unresolved amino acid sequences obtained from genomic resequencing. This analysis applied to the bovine GSTP1 allowed to determine that some of amino acid substitutions may generate important changes in protein structure and function. Moreover, the haplotype analysis highlighted three structure variants worthwhile studying through in vitro or in vivo experiments.Fil: Falomir Lockhart, Agustin Horacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET- La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando Noel Dulout". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Villegas Castagnasso, Egle Etel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET- La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando Noel Dulout". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Giovambattista, Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET- La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando Noel Dulout". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Rogberg Muñoz, Andres. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET- La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando Noel Dulout". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Agronomía, Departamento de Producción Animal; Argentin

Hypothalamus transcriptome during the early rise in LH secretion related to puberty age in bull calves

In prepubertal bull calves there is an early transient rise in gonadotropin secretion between 10 and 20 weeks of age. The early elevation in mean circulating concentrations of LH and FSH most likely causes the proliferation of Sertoli and Leydig cells, respectively. This postnatal gonadotropin rise it is considered one of the main factors in determining the age at which bulls reach puberty (Brito et al., 2007). In order to contribute our understanding of the genes and regulatory pathways involved in this phenomenon, we characterized the hypothalamus transcriptome from six Angus calves along this early expression pattern of LH (4, 6 and 14 wk of age). Of 37 million RNA-Seq reads per sample generated using the Illumina HiSeq 2000 sequencer, at least 95% were mapped to the customized reference genome BosTau6. The Gene annotation revealed that 13976 genes were expressed in the hypothalamus libraries. Tophat2, EdgeR, DESeq2, Bioconductor and R packages were utilized to performed differential expression analysis between groups. We detected 915 differentially expressed genes (P adjusted < 0.05). The top gene ontology term enrichment of the highest expressed genes in the hypothalamus included cellular synapse, ion chanel complex, neuron projection and plasma membrane part (Cellular component category); cell-cell signaling, transmembrane transport, behavior and organism process (Biological process); metal ion transmembrane transporter activity and neuropeptide hormone activity (Molecular function). Enrichment analysis identified 40 KEGG significantly enriched pathways. Based on the observation of the lowest P-value, calcium, oxytocin, circadian entrainment, cholinergic glutamatergic, dopaminergic, serotonergic and GABAergic synapse, GnRH, Estrogen, Rap1, MAPK, ErbB, Ras and cancer signaling and several drugs addiction were among the most important enriched pathways. At the top list the DGs we found a group of genes including the homeodomain transcription factor Orthopedia OTP and the coregulated genes AVP, OXT, CRH and TH known for their physiological roles associated with lactation and mammalian social behaviors.Fil: Liron, Juan Pedro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Fernandez, María Elena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET- La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando Noel Dulout". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Prando, Alberto José. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Baldo, Andres. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Giovambattista, Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET- La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando Noel Dulout". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria; Argentina36th International Society for Animal Genetics ConferenceDublinIrlandaInternational Society for Animal Genetic

M1 macrophage subtypes activation and adipocyte dysfunction worsen during prolonged consumption of a fructose-rich diet

Fructose-rich diet (FRD) has been associated with obesity development, which is characterized by adipocytes hypertrophy and chronic low-grade inflammation. Interaction of adipocytes and immune cells plays a key role in adipose tissue (AT) alterations in obesity. We assessed the metabolic and immune impairments in AT in a murine obesity model induced by FRD at different periods. Adult Swiss mice were divided into groups of 6 and 10 weeks of fructose (FRD 6wk, FRD 10wk) or water intake (CTR 6wk, CTR 10wk). FRD induced increased in body weight, epidydimal AT mass, and plasmatic and liver Tg, and impaired insulin sensitivity. Also, hypertrophic adipocytes from FRD 6wk-10wk mice showed higher IL-6 when stimulated with LPS and leptin secretion. Several of these alterations worsened in FRD 10wk. Regarding AT inflammation, FRD mice have increased TNFα, IL-6 and IL1β, and decrease in IL-10 and CD206 mRNA levels. Using CD11b, LY6C, CD11c and CD206 as macrophages markers, we identified for first time in AT M1 (M1a: Ly6C+/−CD11c+CD206− and M1b: Ly6C+/−CD11c+CD206+) and M2 subtypes (Ly6C+/−CD11c−CD206+). M1a phenotype increased from 6 weeks onward, while Ly6C+/− M1b phenotype increased only after 10 weeks. Finally, co-culture of RAW264.7 (monocytes cell line) and CTR or FRD adipocytes showed that FRD 10wk adipocytes increased IL-6 expression in non- or LPS-stimulated monocytes. Our results showed that AT dysfunction got worse as the period of fructose consumption was longer. Inflammatory macrophage subtypes increased depending on the period of FRD intake, and hypertrophic adipocytes were able to create an environment that favored M1 phenotype in vitro.Fil: Gambaro, Sabrina Eliana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular; ArgentinaFil: Zubiría, María Guillermina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Portales, Andrea Estefanía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular; ArgentinaFil: Rey, Maria Amanda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular; ArgentinaFil: Rumbo, Martín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos; ArgentinaFil: Giovambattista, Andres. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular; Argentin

Antioxidant treatment prevents the development of fructose-induced abdominal adipose tissue dysfunction

In the present study, we tested the effect of OS (oxidative stress) inhibition in rats fed on an FRD [fructose-rich diet; 10% (w/v) in drinking water] for 3 weeks. Normal adult male rats received a standard CD (commercial diet) or an FRD without or with an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase, APO (apocynin; 5 mM in drinking water; CD-APO and FRD-APO). We thereafter measured plasma OS and metabolic-endocrine markers, AAT (abdominal adipose tissue) mass and cell size, FA (fatty acid) composition (content and release), OS status, LEP (leptin) and IRS (insulin receptor substrate)-1/IRS-2 mRNAs, ROS (reactive oxygen species) production, NADPH oxidase activity and LEP release by isolated AAT adipocytes. FRD-fed rats had larger AAT mass without changes in body weight, and higher plasma levels of TAG (triacylglycerol), FAs, TBARS (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance) and LEP. Although no significant changes in glucose and insulin plasma levels were observed in these animals, their HOMA-IR (homoeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance) values were significantly higher than those of CD. The AAT from FRD-fed rats had larger adipocytes, higher saturated FA content, higher NADPH oxidase activity, greater ROS production, a distorted FA content/release pattern, lower insulin sensitivity together with higher and lower mRNA content of LEP and IRS-1-/2 respectively, and released a larger amount of LEP. The development of all the clinical, OS, metabolic, endocrine and molecular changes induced by the FRD were significantly prevented by APO co-administration. The fact that APO treatment prevented both changes in NADPH oxidase activity and the development of all the FRD-induced AAT dysfunctions in normal rats strongly suggests that OS plays an important role in the FRD-induced MS (metabolic syndrome) phenotype.Fil: Fariña, Juan Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnológico La Plata. Centro de Endocrinologia Experimental y Aplicada (i); ArgentinaFil: Garcia, Maria Elisa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnológico La Plata. Centro de Endocrinologia Experimental y Aplicada (i); ArgentinaFil: Alzamendi, Ana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular (i); ArgentinaFil: Giovambattista, Andres. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular (i); ArgentinaFil: Marra, Carlos Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Spinedi, Eduardo Julio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular (i); ArgentinaFil: Gagliardino, Juan Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnológico La Plata. Centro de Endocrinologia Experimental y Aplicada (i); Argentin

Design of a conservation program assited by genetic markers in a herd of Yacumeño cattle in Santa Cruz – Bolivia

La Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias de la UAGRM consolido un programa de conservación del ganado Bovino Criollo Yacumeño a partir del año 2004. La conservación de recursos zoogenéticos generalmente se realiza en poblaciones pequeñas, las cuales tienen un tamaño poblacional efectivo muy reducido. En estos casos es importante realizar apareamientos que mantengan la variabilidad genética alta y los niveles de consanguinidad bajos. El objetivo del presente trabajo consistió en determinar las paternidades y los linajes paternos mediante el uso de marcadores moleculares. El ADN se extrajo partir de muestras de sangre de los 149 animales del hato y se procedió a genotipificar todos los individuos utilizando 18 microsatélites y 7 marcadores del cromosoma Y. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron identificar dos grandes grupos de vacas y 3 linajes paternos. Esta información servirá para diseñar un programa reproductivo que evite en lo posible la perdida de la variabilidad genética y mantenga niveles aceptables de consaguinidad en el hato a conservar.The Faculty of Veterinary Science of the UAGRM consolidated a conservation program of the Yacumeño Creole cattle. The conservation of zoogenetic resources is performed generally in small populations, which usually has a reduced effective population size. In those cases it is important to keep high genetic variability and low levels of consanguinity by performing specific mating among the animals. The main objective of this research consisted in determine the paternity and male lines by using molecular markers. The DNA was extracted from blood sample of 149 animals and were genotyped all the individuals using 18 microsatellites and 7 markers of the Y chromosome. The results obtained allowed to identify two groups of cows and 3 male lines. This information will be useful to design a reproductive program that avoids to a certain degree the lost of genetic variability and will keep acceptable levels of consanguinity among the herd.Fil: Pereira, J. A. C.. Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno; BoliviaFil: Carino, M. H.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ingeniero Fernando Noel Dulout"; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Hoyos, R.. Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno; BoliviaFil: Rogberg Muñoz, Andres. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ingeniero Fernando Noel Dulout"; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Loza, A.. Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno; BoliviaFil: Liron, Juan Pedro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ingeniero Fernando Noel Dulout"; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Mamani, T.. Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno; BoliviaFil: Ripoli, María Verónica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ingeniero Fernando Noel Dulout"; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Giovambattista, Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ingeniero Fernando Noel Dulout"; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Argentin

Genetic variability of Appaloosa horses: A study of a closed breeding population from Argentina

The genetic diversity and structure of 72 Appaloosa horses belonging to a closed breeding population from an ecological reserve in Buenos Aires, Argentina, was investigated using eight microsatellite markers from the International Society for Animal Genetics panel. Our data showed that this Appaloosa horse population had an elevated degree of genetic diversity (He = 0.746) and did not present a significant increase of homozygous individuals (FIS~0). However, the short tandem repeats, AHT5, ASB2, HTG10 and VHL20, were not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P-value < 0.05). Genetic relationships between this population and other well known horse breeds showed that Appaloosa horses from Argentina could have had their origin in the horses of the Nez Perce's people in Idaho while other Appaloosa horses may have had influences from Andalusian and Lusitano breeds. This closed breeding population conserves an important degree of Appaloosa genetic diversity and notwithstanding its particular breeding characteristics, represents a valuable genetic resource for conservation.Fil: Corbi Botto, Claudia Malena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET- La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando Noel Dulout". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Sadaba, Sebastian Andres. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET- La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando Noel Dulout". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Francisco, Elina Inés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET- La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando Noel Dulout". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Kalemkeriam, Paula Belén. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET- La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando Noel Dulout". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Liron, Juan Pedro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET- La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando Noel Dulout". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Villegas Castagnasso, Egle Etel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET- La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando Noel Dulout". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Giovambattista, Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET- La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando Noel Dulout". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Peral Garcia, Pilar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET- La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando Noel Dulout". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Diaz, Silvina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET- La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando Noel Dulout". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria; Argentin