20,655 research outputs found
Mechanism of the photovoltaic effect in 2-6 compounds Progress report, 1 Oct. 1968 - 31 Mar. 1969
Heat treatment, illumination and darkness effects, and photovoltaic properties of Cu2S-CdS heterojunction
Mechanism of the photovoltaic effects in 2-4 compounds Progress report, 1 Apr. - 30 Sep. 1968
Current gain mechanism in copper sulfide-cadmium sulfide diode upon photoexcitation in presence of reverse bia
Assessing the variation in the load that produces maximal upper-body power
Substantial variation in the load that produces maximal power has been reported. It has been suggested that the variation observed may be due to differences in subject physical characteristics. Therefore the aim of this study was to determine the extent in which anthropometric measures correlate to the load that produces maximal power. Anthropometric measures (upper-arm length, forearm length, total arm length, upper-arm girth) and bench press strength were assessed in 26 professional rugby union players. Peak power was then determined in the bench press throw exercise using loads of 20 to 60% of one repetition maximum (1RM) in the bench press exercise. Maximal power occurred at 30 +/- 14 %1RM (mean +/- SD). Upper-arm length had the highest correlation with the load maximizing power: -0.61 (90% confidence limits -0.35 to -0.78), implying loads of 22 vs. 38 %1RM maximize power for players with typically long vs. short upper-arm length. Correlations for forearm length, total arm length and upper-arm girth to the load that maximized power were -0.29 (0.04 to -0.57), -0.56 (-0.28 to -0.75), and -0.29 (0.04 to -0.57), respectively. The relationship between 1RM and the load that produced maximal power was r = -0.23 (0.10 to -0.52). The between-subject variation in the load that maximised power observed (SD= +/- 14 %1RM) may have been due to differences in anthropometric characteristics, and absolute strength and power outputs. Indeed, athletes with longer limbs and larger girths, and greater maximal strength and power outputs utilised a lower percentage of 1RM loads to achieve maximum power. Therefore, we recommend individual assessment of the load that maximizes power output
Float zone experiments in space
The molten zone/freezing crystal interface system and all the mechanisms were examined. If Marangoni convection produces oscillatory flows in the float zone of semiconductor materials, such as silicon, then it is unlikely that superior quality crystals can be grown in space using this process. The major goals were: (1) to determine the conditions for the onset of Marangoni flows in molten tin, a model system for low Prandtl number molten semiconductor materials; (2) to determine whether the flows can be suppressed by a thin oxide layer; and (3) based on experimental and mathematical analysis, to predict whether oscillatory flows will occur in the float zone silicon geometry in space, and if so, could it be suppressed by thin oxide or nitride films. Techniques were developed to analyze molten tin surfaces in a UHV system in a disk float zone geometry to minimize buoyancy flows. The critical Marangoni number for onset of oscillatory flows was determined to be greater than 4300 on atomically clean molten tin surfaces
Two electrons on a hypersphere: a quasi-exactly solvable model
We show that the exact wave function for two electrons, interacting through a
Coulomb potential but constrained to remain on the surface of a
-sphere (), is a polynomial in the
interelectronic distance for a countably infinite set of values of the
radius . A selection of these radii, and the associated energies, are
reported for ground and excited states on the singlet and triplet manifolds. We
conclude that the model bears the greatest similarity to normal
physical systems.Comment: 4 pages, 0 figur
Analytic Representation of The Dirac Equation
In this paper we construct an analytical separation (diagonalization) of the
full (minimal coupling) Dirac equation into particle and antiparticle
components. The diagonalization is analytic in that it is achieved without
transforming the wave functions, as is done by the Foldy-Wouthuysen method, and
reveals the nonlocal time behavior of the particle-antiparticle relationship.
We interpret the zitterbewegung and the result that a velocity measurement (of
a Dirac particle) at any instant in time is, as reflections of the fact that
the Dirac equation makes a spatially extended particle appear as a point in the
present by forcing it to oscillate between the past and future at speed c. From
this we infer that, although the form of the Dirac equation serves to make
space and time appear on an equal footing mathematically, it is clear that they
are still not on an equal footing from a physical point of view. On the other
hand, the Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation, which connects the Dirac and square
root operator, is unitary. Reflection on these results suggests that a more
refined notion (than that of unitary equivalence) may be required for physical
systems
Invariance of the correlation energy at high density and large dimension in two-electron systems
We prove that, in the large-dimension limit, the high-density correlation
energy \Ec of two opposite-spin electrons confined in a -dimensional space
and interacting {\em via} a Coulomb potential is given by \Ec \sim -1/(8D^2)
for any radial confining potential . This result explains the observed
similarity of \Ec in a variety of two-electron systems in three-dimensional
space.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, to appear in Phys. Rev. Let
Dispersion Relations for Bernstein Waves in a Relativistic Pair Plasma
A fully relativistic treatment of Bernstein waves in an electron-positron
pair plasma has remained too formidable a task owing to the very complex nature
of the problem. In this article, we perform contour integration of the
dielectric response function and numerically compute the dispersion curves for
a uniform, magnetized, relativistic electron-positron pair plasma. The behavior
of the dispersion solution for several cases with different plasma temperatures
is highlighted. In particular, we find two wave modes that exist only for large
wavelengths and frequencies similar to the cyclotron frequency in a moderately
relativistic pair plasma. The results presented here have important
implications for the study of those objects where a hot magnetized
electron-positron plasma plays a fundamental role in generating the observed
radiation.Comment: 8 pages, 8 figures, Accepted for publication by Phys. Rev. E with
minor change
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