L'Europe, l'évaluation technologique et la régulation fractale mondiale

The study attempts to make a theoretically informed analysis of technology assessment (TA) as part of postfordist global governance. It focuses first on the FAST programme of the EC, designed to regulate the relationship between producers of new technologies (industry, states) and civil society. The author shows that this regulation, based on the expertise of the social sciences, is largely asymmetrical in favour of the former and an attempt to engineer social consensus at the supranational level. The focus shifts then downwards to the numerous national and regional TA institutions in Western Europe which are all parts of a FAST dominated transnational network, as well as upwards to various related global TA activities (OECD, Lisbon Group, etc.). These different levels of analysis demonstrate that TA is politically constructed as a polycentric, non-hierarchical web of interrelated regulation mechanisms. As such, it is argued, it steadily permeates and recombines existing political structures and levels in order to meet as quickly as possible precise demands of legitimization and accumulation, and should therefore be called a « fractal » regulation

Corporatisme paradigmatique, théories déontologiques et nouvel ordre mondial

This article begins by pointing out the discrepancy between, on the one hand, a certain political discourse which refers to a so-called New World Order in highly moralistic terms and, on the other hand, brute facts which attest to the contrary (resurgence of violent regional conflicts, atomization of global structures). It then examines the possibilities for analysing this discrepancy from a critical perspective centered on ethical norms. This leads the author to review the principal ethical approaches elaborated within the study of international relations since the Second World War. Emphasis is put on a major epistemological cleavage between academic disciplines, perhaps the most important demarcation in ethical theory : the one separating deontological from non-deontological theories. The systematic rejection or marginalization of deontology by the « discipline » of International Relations can be explained in terms of objective cognitive interests which have established, paradigmatically a genuine spirit of corporatism within the discipline. This article endeavors to explain such corporatism with a view to helping start a truly pluridisciplinary debate on ethics in the post-cold-war er

Umriss einer kantschen Cyberkriegsethik

Der Text liefert einen Beitrag zur Erfassung des Cyberkrieges aus ethischer Perspektive. Nachdem die neue Kriegsform begrifflich erfasst und in den weiteren historischen und technischen Kontext eingeordnet ist, werden Normen internationaler Gerechtigkeit konkret entwickelt, indem auf die komplexe Kriegsethik Immanuel Kants zurückgegriffen wird. Besondere Aufmerksamkeit erhält dabei neben Ius ad bellum und Ius in bello vor allem das Ius post bellum, das als besonders relevant eingestuft wird, u. a. weil wegen der ständig wachsenden Bedeutung des Internet of Things völlig neue Gefahren für die Menschheit entstehen.The text contributes to the conceptualization of cyberwar from an ethical perspective. After this new form of war has been defined and placed in a wider historical and technical context, norms of international justice are developed in concrete terms by resorting to Immanuel Kant’s complex war ethic. In addition to ius ad bellum and ius in bello, special attention is given to the ius post bellum, which is considered particularlyrelevant, among other things because the ever-growing importance of the Internet of Things is bringing entirely new dangers for humanity

"Guerre juste (Histoire de la)", in: Dictionnaire de la guerre et de la paix, B. Durieux, J-B. Jeangène Vilmer, F. Ramel (dir.), PUF Presses Universitaires de France, 2017, pp. 618-624

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