The control and prevention of COVID-19 transmission in children : a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: The pandemic following the rapid spread of the new SARS-CoV-2 virus has hit all continents and caused thousands of deaths worldwide. Evidence has been published on epidemiological and clinical characteristics of population groups considered at risk; however, information for the other population groups, especially for the child population, is needed. In this context, this protocol describes a systematic review that will aim to identify the evidence on control and prevention of COVID-19 transmission among children and adolescents, as well as to describe the epidemiological profile and clinical and immunological characteristics of COVID-19 in this population. Methods: This protocol will be developed in accordance with PRISMA-P. The searches will be conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, EMBASE, and Scopus, seeking clinical trials. Observational studies and case reports with Children and adolescents (≤19 years) infected with SARS-CoV-2 will be included whether they report information on the control of prevention and COVID-19 transmission. Two independent researchers will perform the selection of articles, removal of duplication, and screening by Rayyan QCRI application. Cochrane's RoB 2.0, ROBINS-I, and CASP tools will be used to assess the risk of bias. Meta-analysis, subgroup analyses, and/or descriptive analyses will be carried out based on the data conditions included. Results: A high-quality synthesis of the available evidences on the epidemiological profile, the clinical and immunological characteristics involved in children, and adolescents diagnosed with COVID-19, as well as the participation of this population in the transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 will be provided. Conclusion: This systematic review has an important relevance in the current context because it has a great potential to help the development of new control and prevention strategies in the pediatric population

Programa Restaurante Popular: uma alternativa para promover o direito humano à alimentação adequada?

O artigo objetiva identificar elementos relacionados ao Direito Humano à Alimentação Adequada (DHAA) na compreensão de que os usuários possuem do Programa Restaurante Popular. A coleta de dados foi realizada em uma das unidades do Programa Restaurante Popular situada no Bairro do Alecrim, em Natal, Rio Grande do Norte. Foram entrevistados 295 usuários. A representação que os usuários fazem do Restaurante Popular envolve três categorias: auxílio, alimentação de qualidade e economia financeira. Em relação às motivações para a existência do Restaurante, os usuários reportaram-se a duas categorias: assistencialismo e obrigação do Estado. Conclui-se que os usuários não possuem uma percepção da política como direito, mas a percebem como mais uma política assistencialista

Extended reality as a health education strategy of adolescents at school: protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction Extended reality (XR) is the ensemble of interactive experiences based on a computer-simulated environment that encompasses virtual reality and augmented reality and has been proven to be potentially innovative in the field of health education with adolescents. The objective of this study is to present a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol that seeks to evaluate the main effects of interventions that use XR on health parameters (food intake, sound quality and physical activity) of adolescent students.Methods and analysis The literature search will be performed in the following databases: MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, ERIC, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Cochrane, LILACS, APA and ADOLEC. Intervention studies (clinical trials—randomised or non-randomised) and quasi-experimental studies will be included. The risk of bias will be assessed using the Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Interventions tool for randomised controlled trials (RCTs), non-RCTs and quasi-experimental trials. Two independent researchers will conduct all the assessments, and any disagreements will be consulted with a third reviewer. Data analysis and synthesis will be performed using RevMan V.5.4.1 software. The study will be conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols guideline.Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval and human consent were not required, as this is a protocol for a systematic review and only secondary data will be used. The findings will be published in a journal and presented at conferences. In case of any changes to this protocol, it will be updated in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses website, and the modifications will be explained in the final report of this review.PROSPERO registration number CRD42022373876

Programa Restaurante Popular: uma alternativa para promover o direito humano à alimentação adequada?(Popular Restaurant Program: an alternative to promote the human right to adequate food?) Doi: 10.5212/Emancipacao.v.15i1.0009

Resumo: O artigo objetiva identificar elementos relacionados ao Direito Humano à Alimentação Adequada (DHAA) na compreensão de que os usuários possuem do Programa Restaurante Popular. A coleta de dados foi realizada em uma das unidades do Programa Restaurante Popular situada no Bairro do Alecrim, em Natal, Rio Grande do Norte. Foram entrevistados 295 usuários. A representação que os usuários fazem do Restaurante Popular envolve três categorias: auxílio, alimentação de qualidade e economia financeira. Em relação às motivações para a existência do Restaurante, os usuários reportaram-se a duas categorias: assistencialismo e obrigação do Estado. Conclui-se que os usuários não possuem uma percepção da política como direito, mas a percebem como mais uma política assistencialista.Palavras-chave: Direitos Humanos. Segurança Alimentar Nutricional. Políticas Públicas.Abstract: The article aims to identify factors related to the Human Right to Adequate Food (DHAA) on the understanding that users have the Program Popular Restaurant. Data collection was carried out in one of the units of the Program Popular restaurant located in the neighborhood of Alecrim in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte. Were interviewed 295 users. The representation that users make restaurant Popular involves three categories: assistance, food quality and financial savings. Regarding the motivations for the existence of restaurant users reported up to two categories: assistentialism and state obligation. The conclusion is that users do not have a perception of politics as a right but perceive it as more of a welfare policy.Keywords: Human Rights. Food Security and and Nutrition. Public Policy.</p

Gamification as a health education strategy of adolescents at school: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The objective of the study is to present a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol for evaluating the effects of health education gamification-based interventions, on health parameters (food consumption, sleep quality and physical activity) of adolescent students. This protocol was registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) database (CRD42022373833). The search will be performed in the following databases: MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, ERIC, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Cochrane, LILACS, APA, and ADOLEC. Intervention studies (clinical trials - randomized or non-randomized) and quasi-experimental studies will be included. The risk of bias will be assessed using the Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Interventions tool for randomized controlled trials, non- randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental trials. Two independent researchers will conduct all assessments, and any disagreements will be consulted with a third reviewer. Data analysis and synthesis will be analyzed using RevMan 5.4.1 software. We will conduct the study in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) guideline. The review will summarize the current evidence on gamification health education changes in parameters related to the health of adolescents. Gamification has been used to verify the increase in adherence to healthy habits or the development of health-related skills, but there are still few results for the adolescent population. We expect that the systematic review could indicate strategies with gamification interventions and also determine how these strategies can improve health parameters of adolescent students, and they will be available as a reference for these interventions

PRISMA-P 2015 checklist.

BackgroundThere is evidence in the literature suggesting that high time spent in sedentary behavior (SB) can reduce the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) levels, an important neurotrophin that plays a role in modulating cognition, learning and memory. Children and adolescents usually spend many hours a day on SB, either sitting for a long time and/or using screen equipment.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to describe a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol on the associations between SB and BDNF levels in children and adolescents.MethodsThis protocol is guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols and was published in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews database (PROSPERO: CRD42023392246). The databases that will be searched are EMBASE, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, and PubMed. Cross-sectional and cohort studies conducted with children and adolescents (5 to 19 yr) that analyzed the association between SB and BDNF will be included in the systematic review. The characteristics of the studies, methodological aspects, and main results will be described. Then, the risk of bias (assessed by STROBE and Newcastle-Ottawa scales) and the level of evidence (assessed by the GRADE tool) from included studies will be evaluated. Sub-group analysis will also be performed. Two experienced reviewers will perform the studies selection, data extraction, and methodological quality assessment.ConclusionThis systematic review and meta-analysis will analyze the association between SB and BDNF in children and adolescents. The results will provide subsidies to better understand this relationship and will strengthen evidence-based practice for both health professionals and future researches.</div

Preliminary pilot search strategy in MEDLINE/PubMed.

Preliminary pilot search strategy in MEDLINE/PubMed.</p

Article selection flowchart.

BackgroundThere is evidence in the literature suggesting that high time spent in sedentary behavior (SB) can reduce the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) levels, an important neurotrophin that plays a role in modulating cognition, learning and memory. Children and adolescents usually spend many hours a day on SB, either sitting for a long time and/or using screen equipment.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to describe a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol on the associations between SB and BDNF levels in children and adolescents.MethodsThis protocol is guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols and was published in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews database (PROSPERO: CRD42023392246). The databases that will be searched are EMBASE, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, and PubMed. Cross-sectional and cohort studies conducted with children and adolescents (5 to 19 yr) that analyzed the association between SB and BDNF will be included in the systematic review. The characteristics of the studies, methodological aspects, and main results will be described. Then, the risk of bias (assessed by STROBE and Newcastle-Ottawa scales) and the level of evidence (assessed by the GRADE tool) from included studies will be evaluated. Sub-group analysis will also be performed. Two experienced reviewers will perform the studies selection, data extraction, and methodological quality assessment.ConclusionThis systematic review and meta-analysis will analyze the association between SB and BDNF in children and adolescents. The results will provide subsidies to better understand this relationship and will strengthen evidence-based practice for both health professionals and future researches.</div

The Effects of Exercise on BDNF Levels in Adolescents: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

The aim of this study was to analyze the evidence available in the literature about the effects of exercise on brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in adolescents. The literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, SportDiscus, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and CINAHL. Randomized controlled trials and non-randomized controlled trials performed with adolescents (10&ndash;19 years) who underwent different exercise programs and who evaluated BDNF levels before and after the intervention were included. We included six studies, four RCTs and two non-RCTs in the systematic review with a total of 407 adolescents. In two randomized trials and one non-RCT, the intervention groups showed significant improvements in BDNF levels compared with the control group. The results presented in the meta-analysis indicate that despite the positive effect in favor of the intervention, there were no significant differences (standardized mean difference 0.28 ng/mL, 95% confidence interval &minus;0.28 to 0.85; p = 0.32, I&sup2; = 0%). The results presented in our review indicate that aerobic exercise programs practiced in moderate- or high-intensity are promising strategies to increase BDNF levels in adolescents. However, further studies are required to support this finding

The Effects of Exercise on BDNF Levels in Adolescents: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

Abstract: The aim of this studywas to analyze the evidence available in the literature about the effects of exercise on brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in adolescents. The literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, SportDiscus, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and CINAHL. Randomized controlled trials and non-randomized controlled trials performed with adolescents (10–19 years) who underwent different exercise programs and who evaluated BDNF levels before and after the intervention were included. We included six studies, four RCTs and two non-RCTs in the systematic review with a total of 407 adolescents. In two randomized trials and one non-RCT, the intervention groups showed significant improvements in BDNF levels compared with the control group. The results presented in the meta-analysis indicate that despite the positive e ect in favor of the intervention, there were no significant differences (standardized mean difference 0.28 ng/mL, 95% confidence interval 0.28 to 0.85; p = 0.32, I 2 = 0%). The results presented in our review indicate that aerobic exercise programs practiced in moderate- or high-intensity are promising strategies to increase BDNF levels in adolescents. However, further studies are required to support this finding.Actividad Física y DeporteCiencias de la AlimentaciónEnfermeríaMedicin