Le radici liberal-nazionaliste del fascismo. Dal Codice Zanardelli alla Marcia su Roma. (1889-1922)

268 p.En la presente investigación queremos mostrar cómo el fascismo tiene orígenes anteriores y que es enesencia el último paso, si no el cumplimiento definitivo, del Risorgimento italiano. Para probar esto, se han seguido en la tesis metodológicamente tres direcciones técnico-cultural, técnico-legal y técnico-política.La primera muestra cómo las bases culturales en las que se basan los aspectos clave del fascismoson la continuación de los axiomas culturales del Estado liberal italiano. En particular, nos referimos al racismo lombrosiano, al hombre nuevo, rápido y mecánico, hijo de la era industrial, al recurso de la guerra, un aspecto ya fundamental de la Italia prefascista, mucho antes de la Gran Guerra.El aspecto técnico-legal es el foco principal de la tesis. A través del estudio de actos parlamentarios,revistas jurídicas especializadas entre el final del siglo XIX y principios del siglo XX, a través del estudio del Codice Zanardelli y de la legislación especial anterior al surgimiento del movimiento lictoriano, seseñala que el aparato jurídico estatal fascista no sino la continuación del aparato legal estatal anterior. Nos referimos específicamente en las garantías falsas con respecto a los crímenes políticos del Codice Zanardelli; a la reducción a crimen común del mismo crimen político; a herramientas y prácticas policiales como la amonestación, la hoja callejera o el famoso domicilio forzado, todos considerados instrumentos liberticidas introducidos por el fascismo y que existían desde al menos treinta años antes; al papel conformista de la magistratura que dependía directamente del ejecutivo, en violación de la fundación de la democracia (la división y independencia de los tres poderes: no queremos confundir el liberalismo con el concepto de democracia contemporánea; sin embargo no podemos olvidar que el liberalismo significa ese paso fundamental hacia el Estado de derecho después de la Revolución francesa;el Estado liberal solo puede considerarse como tal si los valores liberales que están en la base sonrespetados); al debate de los juristas que invocaron la necesidad de un giro autoritario del Estado.Desde el punto de vista técnico-político, se ha destacado cómo el instrumento político de la violencia,notoriamente utilizado por el fascismo, ya había sido ampliamente utilizado y reivindicado anteriormente;también se ha señalado que no podemos hablar técnicamente de revolución fascista, ni de golpe de Estado en la toma del poder, destacando estos aspectos por lo tanto la falta de novedad institucional del fascismo

Le radici liberal-nazionaliste del fascismo. Dal Codice Zanardelli alla Marcia su Roma. (1889-1922)

268 p.En la presente investigación queremos mostrar cómo el fascismo tiene orígenes anteriores y que es enesencia el último paso, si no el cumplimiento definitivo, del Risorgimento italiano. Para probar esto, se han seguido en la tesis metodológicamente tres direcciones técnico-cultural, técnico-legal y técnico-política.La primera muestra cómo las bases culturales en las que se basan los aspectos clave del fascismoson la continuación de los axiomas culturales del Estado liberal italiano. En particular, nos referimos al racismo lombrosiano, al hombre nuevo, rápido y mecánico, hijo de la era industrial, al recurso de la guerra, un aspecto ya fundamental de la Italia prefascista, mucho antes de la Gran Guerra.El aspecto técnico-legal es el foco principal de la tesis. A través del estudio de actos parlamentarios,revistas jurídicas especializadas entre el final del siglo XIX y principios del siglo XX, a través del estudio del Codice Zanardelli y de la legislación especial anterior al surgimiento del movimiento lictoriano, seseñala que el aparato jurídico estatal fascista no sino la continuación del aparato legal estatal anterior. Nos referimos específicamente en las garantías falsas con respecto a los crímenes políticos del Codice Zanardelli; a la reducción a crimen común del mismo crimen político; a herramientas y prácticas policiales como la amonestación, la hoja callejera o el famoso domicilio forzado, todos considerados instrumentos liberticidas introducidos por el fascismo y que existían desde al menos treinta años antes; al papel conformista de la magistratura que dependía directamente del ejecutivo, en violación de la fundación de la democracia (la división y independencia de los tres poderes: no queremos confundir el liberalismo con el concepto de democracia contemporánea; sin embargo no podemos olvidar que el liberalismo significa ese paso fundamental hacia el Estado de derecho después de la Revolución francesa;el Estado liberal solo puede considerarse como tal si los valores liberales que están en la base sonrespetados); al debate de los juristas que invocaron la necesidad de un giro autoritario del Estado.Desde el punto de vista técnico-político, se ha destacado cómo el instrumento político de la violencia,notoriamente utilizado por el fascismo, ya había sido ampliamente utilizado y reivindicado anteriormente;también se ha señalado que no podemos hablar técnicamente de revolución fascista, ni de golpe de Estado en la toma del poder, destacando estos aspectos por lo tanto la falta de novedad institucional del fascismo

Le politiche di austerità nella narrazione della stampa italiana

2013 - 2014Policies of deficit and inflation rate reduction, commonly known as austerity policies, have been dominating the European economic debate for several years. The European Union’s constraints play an important role in determining the content of the economic policies implemented by member countries. Since 1979, Italy has made use of the EU institutions as a vincolo esterno (external constraint) in order to facilitate the liberalization of its economy: a goal that Italy, alone, had not the ability to pursue for many reasons. The aim of the research is to investigate the relationship between the austerity policies and the European constraints. This relationship has been observed through the views expressed by a number of individuals (politicians, journalists, academics, interest groups and others) and reported by the Italian press. The aim is to check whether the support for austerity policies is motivated by the necessity to fulfill the demands of the European institutions. The considered events are the financial crises of 1992 and 2011. The methodology is based on a content analysis of three newspaper articles: “Corriere della Sera”, “la Repubblica”, “l’Unità”. The hypothesis has a match in the empirical analysis: those who express favorable opinions to the European constraints are more oriented than those who do not show such views to support the austerity policies. Another element that determines austerity support positions is the interpretation of the economic situation in terms of emergency, but in this case the relationship is usually less intense. Data also show that there is a widespread consensus about austerity among the parties, the newspapers and the professional categories, but a strong split/gap resists regarding more specific aspects such as single economic measures and the distribution of rebalancing costs within society. [edited by Author]XIII n.s

A new bioactive glass/collagen hybrid composite for applications in dentistry

Bioactive glasses (BGs) are currently employed in a wide range of medical and dentistry applications by virtue of their bone-bonding ability. The incorporation of BGs into a collagen matrix may be used to combine the regenerative potential of these materials with the specific biological advantages of collagen. However, most of the collagen/BG composites reported in the literature are scaffolds and there is a lack of moldable putties or injectable systems. Here, granules of an innovative BG containing strontium and magnesium were mixed with collagen and PEG to obtain a putty (BGMS/C) suitable for dental applications. For the sake of comparison, granules of 45S5 Bioglass\uae, the gold standard among BGs, were used to prepare a 45S5/collagen putty. Both the composites were evaluated in vitro with respect to murine fibroblasts. The materials showed an excellent biocompatibility, making them interesting for possible applications in dentistry and reconstructive surgery. Moreover, BGMS/C seems to stimulate cell proliferation.Bioactive glasses (BGs) are currently employed in a wide range of medical and dentistry applications by virtue of their bone-bonding ability. The incorporation of BGs into a collagen matrix may be used to combine the regenerative potential of these materials with the specific biological advantages of collagen. However, most of the collagen/BG composites reported in the literature are scaffolds and there is a lack of moldable putties or injectable systems. Here, granules of an innovative BG containing strontium and magnesium were mixed with collagen and PEG to obtain a putty (BGMS/C) suitable for dental applications. For the sake of comparison, granules of 45S5 Bioglass\uae, the gold standard among BGs, were used to prepare a 45S5/collagen putty. Both the composites were evaluated in vitro with respect to murine fibroblasts. The materials showed an excellent biocompatibility, making them interesting for possible applications in dentistry and reconstructive surgery. Moreover, BGMS/C seems to stimulate cell proliferation

Spectroscopy of 98Ru

The nucleus 98 Ru has been investigated by means of γ - γ coincidence, γ - γ angular correlation and K-internal conversion coefficient measurements. The results have led to spin-parity assignment to several levels and to the determination of E 2/ M 1 mixing ratios for the most intense transitions

Extended M1 sum rule for excited symmetric and mixed-symmetry states in nuclei

A generalized M1 sum rule for orbital magnetic dipole strength from excited symmetric states to mixed-symmetry states is considered within the proton-neutron interacting boson model of even-even nuclei. Analytic expressions for the dominant terms in the B(M1) transition rates from the first and second $2^+$ states are derived in the U(5) and SO(6) dynamic symmetry limits of the model, and the applicability of a sum rule approach is examined at and in-between these limits. Lastly, the sum rule is applied to the new data on mixed-symmetry states of 94Mo and a quadrupole d-boson ratio $nd(0^+_1)/nd(2^+_2) \approx 0.6$ is obtained in a largely parameter-independent wayComment: 19 pages, 3 figures, Revte

Shape mixing dynamics in the low-lying states of proton-rich Kr isotopes

We study the oblate-prolate shape mixing in the low-lying states of proton-rich Kr isotopes using the five-dimensional quadrupole collective Hamiltonian. The collective Hamiltonian is derived microscopically by means of the CHFB (constrained Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov) + Local QRPA (quasiparticle random phase approximation) method, which we have developed recently on the basis of the adiabatic self-consistent collective coordinate method. The results of the numerical calculation show the importance of large-amplitude collective vibrations in the triaxial shape degree of freedom and rotational effects on the oblate-prolate shape mixing dynamics in the low-lying states of these isotopes.Comment: 29 pages, 14 figure

Attention, problem solving and decision making in adult subjects with ADHD

Although attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is clearly associated with executive dysfunctions, the neuropsychological profile of adults with ADHD is unclear. The present study aimed at examining neuropsychological performance on tasks measuring attention, problem solving and decision making, comparing adults with ADHD (N= 12, mean age 18.33; SD= 11.48) and healthy adults (N= 12, mean age 18.41; SD= 18.70) matched for age and gender. Results showed that adults with ADHD exhibit deficits in attention, problem solving and decision making. These findings warrant further examination of neuropsychological profile in adults with ADHD to improve the understanding of underlying neurocognitive mechanisms

The new paradigm of Network Medicine to analyse breast cancer phenotypes

Breast cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous and complex disease as witnessed by the existence of different subtypes and clinical characteristics that poses significant challenges in disease management. The complexity of this tumor may rely on the highly interconnected nature of the various biological processes as stated by the new paradigm of Network Medicine. We explored The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-BRCA data set, by applying the network-based algorithm named SWItch Miner, and mapping the findings on the human interactome to capture the molecular interconnections associated with the disease modules. To characterize BC phenotypes, we constructed protein–protein interaction modules based on “hub genes”, called switch genes, both common and specific to the four tumor subtypes. Transcriptomic profiles of patients were stratified according to both clinical (immunohistochemistry) and genetic (PAM50) classifications. 266 and 372 switch genes were identified from immunohistochemistry and PAM50 classifications, respectively. Moreover, the identified switch genes were functionally characterized to select an interconnected pathway of disease genes. By intersecting the common switch genes of the two classifications, we selected a unique signature of 28 disease genes that were BC subtype-independent and classification subtype-independent. Data were validated both in vitro (10 BC cell lines) and ex vivo (66 BC tissues) experiments. Results showed that four of these hub proteins (AURKA, CDC45, ESPL1, and RAD54L) were over-expressed in all tumor subtypes. Moreover, the inhibition of one of the identified switch genes (AURKA) similarly affected all BC subtypes. In conclusion, using a network-based approach, we identified a common BC disease module which might reflect its pathological signature, suggesting a new vision to face with the disease heterogeneity