Periodontal Diseases in Patients with Special Health Care Needs

A wide variation of people with an impairment or disability requires a “special care dentistry” once their general manifestations directly act in the oral cavity. This target public is inserted into the following categories: neuromotor disability, sensory disability, mental disorder, infecto-contagious diseases, chronic systemic diseases, and systemic conditions. Among the several oral illnesses found in these groups, periodontal diseases have been the most frequent, becoming a major challenge for the dental practitioners. Thus, we described the microbiological, histopathological, and clinical features of periodontal diseases in each “special health care needs” group. Advances in “Omic” technologies have suggested the application of molecular biology methods to assess the genomics (genes), proteomics (proteins), transcriptomics (mRNA), and metabolomics (metabolites) aspects of periodontal diseases. These researches aim to promote a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis and in the identification of new biomarkers of periodontal diseases that help in diagnosis of periodontal diseases and in tissue responses after treatments of gingivitis and periodontitis. As an alternative therapy, some bioactive materials and photobiomodulation may be indicated once they strongly stimulate the periodontal tissue regeneration, attenuate the inflammatory processes, and/or promote the reconstruction of the microstructure of the periodontium

Evaluación de nematodos entomopatógenos en Agrotis ipsilon (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) bajo condiciones de laboratorio e invernadero.

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el potencial de los nematodos entomopatógenos (NEPs) de los géneros Steinernema y Heterorhabditis en el control de Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Para esto, se realizaron ensayos de selección de aislamientos, se evaluó la susceptibilidad en diferentes instares del insecto, se analizaron las diferentes concentraciones de NEPs y la producción in vivo de estos aislados, y se realizaron pruebas en invernadero en el Laboratorio de Entomología y control biológico de la Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, Brasil. En los ensayos de selección con nueve aislamientos, los que causan mayor porcentaje de mortalidad en los insectos, se utilizaron diferentes concentraciones (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 Juveniles Infectivos/cm2) sobre diferentes instares del insecto (2do, 3er, 4to, 5to, 6to instar y pupa), en la producción in vivo en larvas de A. ipsilon y en pruebas de patogenicidad en invernadero. En el ensayo de selección, el aislamiento CH3 (Steinernema sp.) causó el 100 % de la mortalidad en A. ipsilon mientras que los aislados GL (Heterorhabditis amazonensis), IBCB-n02 (S. carpocapsae) e IBCB-n05 (H. indica) causaron 90 % de mortalidad. En la prueba de concentraciones, el aislado IBCB-n02 presentó una CL99 de 140 IJs/cm2 y el aislado IBCB-n05, una CL99 de 190 IJs/cm2. Las larvas de 3er y 4to instares fueron más susceptibles. En la prueba in vivo para la producción de larvas de A. ipsilon, no se observó diferencia entre los dos aislamientos. En el ensayo en invernadero, el aislado IBCB-n02 fue el único que difirió del tratamiento de control

Effect of weight at weaning on the growth of Tabapuã calves during wet season under grazing.

The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of live weight (LW) at weaning on the growth of pure Tabapuã calves under grazing during wet season. The experiment was conducted from October 28, 2021 to March 15, 2022, totaling 140 days. Calves were maintained in Urochloa brizantha cv. BRS Paiaguás pastures, receiving protein-energy supplementation of 0.4% of LW (12.0% of crude protein and 67.3% of TDN). The experimental design was completely randomized with three treatments and 14 replicates, totaling 42 calves. The experiment was carried out at the ABCZ experimental farm Orestes Prata Tibery Júnior, Uberaba, MG, Brazil, (lat. 19º 47' 68'' S; long. 47º 58' 50'' W, 788 m asl.). The local climate is semi-humid tropical climate, with mean air temperature of 24.1 °C, annual rainfall of 1.430 mm and relative humidity of 67%. The soil is classified as Dystrophic Red Latosol, Sandy Frank and smooth relief. The experimental area of pasture consisted of 20.3 ha of BRS Paiaguás, divided in 8 paddocks of 2.53 ha. Pastures were grazed at rotational stocking system and the forage allowance was maintained at 6% of the LW with variable stocking rate (SR). Forty-one Tabapuã calves registered at birth as pure of origin (PO), were evaluated as testers, with average age of 12 months and were separated in three weaning weight treatments: 1. Light mean LW 196 kg; 2. Intermediate mean LW 235 kg; and 3. Heavy mean LW 268 kg. Forage samples presented 16.9% of crude protein and 62.3% of TDN, 61.7% of NDF (neutral detergent fiber) and 29% of ADF (acid detergent fiber). Mean SR was 5.7 AU/ha and mean forage mass was 3.723 kg/ha. The average daily live weight gain (ADG) was not affected by the treatment effect (P<0.05). Mean ADG was 0.780+0.104, 0.776+0.104 and 0.781+0.104 kg/head/day for Light, Intermediate and Heavy, respectively. The mean LW gain per area (GA) was 608 kg LW/ha, corresponding to 20.3 @/ha. Although there was no difference in LW gain, the differences in LW remained until the end of the growing period, being 380+43, 427+43 and 462+43 kg for Light, Intermediate and Heavy treatments, respectively. These differences emphasize weaning weight is an important factor for early finishing of Tabapuã beef cattle, reducing time and costs of the livestock cycle

Direito humano ao meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado e o princípio do poluidor-pagador / Human right to the ecologically balanced environment and the pollutter pays principle

O objetivo deste trabalho é fazer uma breve análise do direito humano ao meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado em contraposição ao princípio do poluidor-pagador, princípio este considerado fundamental no Direito Ambiental Brasileiro. Será abordada a origem e conceito do princípio, bem como sua positivação no direito pátrio. Também será analisado como o princípio do poluidor-pagador é visto e aplicado pelos tribunais. Ao final, conclui-se que doutrina e jurisprudência direcionam a aplicação do princípio do poluidor-pagador em sua acepção mais ampla, prevendo a responsabilidade para a prevenção e reparação dos danos ambientais independente de culpa ou ilicitude da atividade desenvolvida – responsabilidade objetiva, e que tal princípio não pode ser visto como uma autorização para poluir dada àquele que detém recursos financeiros, mas sim um mecanismo de internalização de externalidades negativas. Ainda, conclui-se pela constitucionalidade de leis que obriguem o empreendedor a arcar com os custos dos riscos ambientais

Measurement of hadronic cross section and preliminary results on the pion form factor using the radiative return at DAPHNE

In the fixed energy environment of the $e^{+}e^{-}$ collider DA$\Phi$NE, KLOE can measure the cross section of the process $e^{+}e^{-} \to$ hadrons as a function of the hadronic system energy using the radiative return. At energies below 1 GeV, $e^{+}e^{-} \to \rho \to \pi^{+}\pi^{-}$ is the dominating hadronic process. We report here on the status of the analysis for the e^{+}e^{-} \to \ppg channel, which allows to obtain a preliminary measurement of the pion form factor using an integrated luminosity of $\sim73 pb^{-1}$.Comment: Invited talk at the Seventh International Workshop on Tau Lepton Physics (TAU02-WE07), Santa Cruz, Ca, USA, Sept 2002, 9 pages, LaTeX, 9 eps figure

Measurement of the ratio Gamma(K_L -> gamma gamma)/Gamma(K_L -> pi^0 pi^0 pi^0) with the KLOE detector

We have measured the ratio R=Gamma(K_L -> gamma gamma)/ \Gamma(K_L -> 3 pi^0) using the KLOE detector. From a sample of ~ 10^9 phi-mesons produced at DAFNE, the Frascati phi-factory, we select ~ 1.6 10^8 K_L-mesons tagged by observing K_S -> pi^+ pi^- following the reaction e^+ e^- -> phi -> K_L K_S. From this sample we select 27,375 K_L -> gamma gamma events and obtain R = (2.79 \pm 0.02_{stat} \pm 0.02_{syst}) \times 10^{-3}. Using the world average value for BR(K_{L} -> 3 pi^0), we obtain BR(K_{L} -> gamma gamma) = (5.89 \pm 0.07 \pm 0.08) \times 10^{-4} where the second error is due to the uncertainty on the 3 pi^0 branching fraction.Comment: 14 page

Observational study on efficacy of negative expiratory pressure test proposed as screening for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome among commercial interstate bus drivers - protocol study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a respiratory disease characterized by the collapse of the extrathoracic airway and has important social implications related to accidents and cardiovascular risk. The main objective of the present study was to investigate whether the drop in expiratory flow and the volume expired in 0.2 s during the application of negative expiratory pressure (NEP) are associated with the presence and severity of OSA in a population of professional interstate bus drivers who travel medium and long distances.</p> <p>Methods/Design</p> <p>An observational, analytic study will be carried out involving adult male subjects of an interstate bus company. Those who agree to participate will undergo a detailed patient history, physical examination involving determination of blood pressure, anthropometric data, circumference measurements (hips, waist and neck), tonsils and Mallampati index. Moreover, specific questionnaires addressing sleep apnea and excessive daytime sleepiness will be administered. Data acquisition will be completely anonymous. Following the medical examination, the participants will perform a spirometry, NEP test and standard overnight polysomnography. The NEP test is performed through the administration of negative pressure at the mouth during expiration. This is a practical test performed while awake and requires little cooperation from the subject. In the absence of expiratory flow limitation, the increase in the pressure gradient between the alveoli and open upper airway caused by NEP results in an increase in expiratory flow.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Despite the abundance of scientific evidence, OSA is still underdiagnosed in the general population. In addition, diagnostic procedures are expensive, and predictive criteria are still unsatisfactory. Because increased upper airway collapsibility is one of the main determinants of OSA, the response to the application of NEP could be a predictor of this disorder. With the enrollment of this study protocol, the expectation is to encounter predictive NEP values for different degrees of OSA in order to contribute toward an early diagnosis of this condition and reduce its impact and complications among commercial interstate bus drivers.</p> <p>Trial registration</p> <p><it>Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clinicos </it>(local acronym RBEC) [Internet]: Rio de Janeiro (RJ): <it>Instituto de Informaçao Cientifica e Tecnologica em Saude </it>(Brazil); 2010 - Identifier RBR-7dq5xx. Cross-sectional study on efficacy of negative expiratory pressure test proposed as screening for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome among commercial interstate bus drivers; 2011 May 31 [7 pages]. Available from <url>http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-7dq5xx/</url>.</p