Diclofenac in hyaluronic acid gel: an alternative treatment for actinic cheilitis

OBJECTIVE: Actinic cheilitis (AC) is a precancerous lesion of the lip vermillion caused by prolonged exposure to ultraviolet light. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 3% diclofenac in 2.5% hyaluronic acid gel in the treatment of AC. METHODS: Thirty-four patients with chronic AC were treated twice a day with topical diclofenac during a period of 30 to 180 days. The individuals were followed up every 15 days by means of clinical examination and digital photographic documentation. RESULTS: Of the 27 patients that completed the study, 12 (44%) showed complete remission of the whitish plaques and exfoliative areas, and 15 (56%) had partial remission of the clinical picture of cheilitis. The latter group was submitted to excision of the leukoplakic areas which diagnosis varied from mild to moderate epithelial dysplasia. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest a promising role for diclofenac in hyaluronic acid gel in the treatment of AC. This treatment has the advantages of not being invasive and showing few side effects

The impact of surgical delay on resectability of colorectal cancer: An international prospective cohort study

AIM: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has provided a unique opportunity to explore the impact of surgical delays on cancer resectability. This study aimed to compare resectability for colorectal cancer patients undergoing delayed versus non-delayed surgery. METHODS: This was an international prospective cohort study of consecutive colorectal cancer patients with a decision for curative surgery (January-April 2020). Surgical delay was defined as an operation taking place more than 4 weeks after treatment decision, in a patient who did not receive neoadjuvant therapy. A subgroup analysis explored the effects of delay in elective patients only. The impact of longer delays was explored in a sensitivity analysis. The primary outcome was complete resection, defined as curative resection with an R0 margin. RESULTS: Overall, 5453 patients from 304 hospitals in 47 countries were included, of whom 6.6% (358/5453) did not receive their planned operation. Of the 4304 operated patients without neoadjuvant therapy, 40.5% (1744/4304) were delayed beyond 4 weeks. Delayed patients were more likely to be older, men, more comorbid, have higher body mass index and have rectal cancer and early stage disease. Delayed patients had higher unadjusted rates of complete resection (93.7% vs. 91.9%, P = 0.032) and lower rates of emergency surgery (4.5% vs. 22.5%, P < 0.001). After adjustment, delay was not associated with a lower rate of complete resection (OR 1.18, 95% CI 0.90-1.55, P = 0.224), which was consistent in elective patients only (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.69-1.27, P = 0.672). Longer delays were not associated with poorer outcomes. CONCLUSION: One in 15 colorectal cancer patients did not receive their planned operation during the first wave of COVID-19. Surgical delay did not appear to compromise resectability, raising the hypothesis that any reduction in long-term survival attributable to delays is likely to be due to micro-metastatic disease

Thesis (Doctorate) Post Graduate Program, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas / RS, Brazil

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of benzodioxole derivatives as co-initiators of radical polymerization of experimental self-etching adhesive systems. To compose the experimental self-etching adhesive systems a primer, containing methacrylate monomers and solvents, was developed. A monomer mixture, based on 50 wt % of Bisphenol A glicidyl dimethacrylate (Bis-GMA), 25 wt% of triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) and 25 wt% of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate(HEMA), was used as a model dental adhesive resin. Camphorquinone (CQ) 1 mol % was used as a photoinitiator to initiate polymerization. Different co-initiators (1,3- benzodioxole and piperonyl alcohol) and concentrations (0.25, 0.50, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 mol %) were used in a model dental adhesive resin, to compose the experimental groups. Additionally, tertiary amine (EDAB) was used as co-initiator in the control group. The physical, chemical and mechanical properties and characteristics of the polymer obtained for the experimental adhesives (ABDO, APA, AEDAB) were evaluated using polymerization kinetics, sorption and solubility, flexural strength and elastic modulus. The microtensile bond strength (µTBS) to enamel and dentin, and fracture mode were investigated. Adicionalmente morphological analysis of the dentin bonding Interface were evaluated. The results indicated that the BDO and PA were effective co-initiators for the photoinitiator system based on CQ. Comparisons between the benzodioxole derivative co-initiators and traditionally used amine EDAB, showed similar performance in the kinetics of polymerization, flexural strength, water sorption and solubility of the model dental adhesive resin evaluated. In the microtensile bond strength dentin means were higher than enamel and mixed failures were predominant. APA showed higher bond strengths than AEDAB, while ABDO showed intermediate data. The hybrid layer for all groups was shown to be shallow (1-2 µm thick). No appreciable differences in homogeneity were detected along the bonded interface. BDO and PA were feasible alternatives to conventional amine as co-initiator of radical polymerization, moreover, as these benzodioxoles are found in the human diet, this characteristic made them more promising and advantageous to use in dental adhesive resin formulations than amine.O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a efetividade de componentes derivados de benzodioxolas, como co-iniciadores da polimerização radicalar de um adesivo autocondicionante experimental. Para compor sistemas adesivos autocondicionantes experimentais foi desenvolvido um primer, composto por monômeros metacrilatos e solventes. O adesivo foi formulado utilizando uma resina adesiva modelo, composta por 50% de bisfenol A glicidil dimetacrilato (Bis-GMA), 25% de 2-hidroxietil metacrilato (HEMA) e 25% de trietilenoglicol dimetacrilato (TEGDMA), em massa. Canforoquinona (CQ) na concentração 1% molar foi utilizada como fotoiniciador da polimerização da resina modelo. Os grupos experimentais foram formulados com diferentes coiniciadores na resina adesiva: 1,3-benzodioxola (BDO) e álcool piperonílico (AP), em diferentes concentrações molares (0.25, 0.50, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 %). Adicionalmente um grupo com amina terciária, etil,4-dimetilamino benzoato (EDAB) como co-iniciador, foi formulado como controle. Características e propriedades físicas, químicas e mecânicas do polímero obtido pelos adesivos experimentais foram avaliadas utilizando as metodologias de cinética de polimerização, sorção e solubilidade, resistência à flexão e módulo de elasticidade. A resistência de união à microtração (MPa) ao esmalte e à dentina, com a caracterização do tipo de fratura foi investigada. Adicionalmente, análise morfológica da interface adesiva em dentina foi avaliada. Os resultados indicaram que o BDO e PA foram co-iniciadores efetivos para sistemas fotoiniciadores à base de canforoquinona (CQ). Comparações entre os adesivos experimentais com co-iniciadores derivados de benzodioxolas (ABDO e AAP) e amina (AEDAB), mostraram performance similar na avaliação da cinética de polimerização, resistência à flexão, sorção e solubilidade da resina adesiva modelo avaliada. Na avaliação da resistência de união ao esmalte e à dentina, foi detectada diferença estatística e houve predominância de falhas mistas. APA apresentou maior resistência de união que AEDAB, enquanto ABDO mostrou resultados intermediários. A camada híbrida para todos os grupos apresentou uma espessura entre 1 e 2 Vm. Não foi observada diferença na homogeneidade da interface adesiva em dentina. BDO e PA se revelaram alternativas viáveis à amina como co-iniciadores para a polimerização radicalar. Ademais, estas benzodioxolas são mais promissoras e vantajosas que as aminas, por sua biocompatibilidade e presença na dieta human

Influence of the water concentration in an experimental self-etching primer on the bond strength to dentin

To investigate the influence of different water concentrations in self-etching primers solvents on microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of an experimental adhesive system. Five experimental self-etching primers with 0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 water concentration (wt %) in solvent, were synthesized. Clearfil SE Bond (CSEB) was used as commercial adhesive. Sixty bovine incisive were randomize separated in six groups (n=20). Vestibular enamel was removed to expose the superficial coronal dentin, this surface was polished wet to create a standardized smear layer. After rinsing, water was removed, leaving the surface visibly dried. The dentin surfaces were etched with primer and air-dried, after coating adhesive resin was applied and photo-activated, following the composite resin restoration was accomplished. After storage for 24 hours, the specimens were sectioned with a refrigerated diamond saw at low-speed. Microtensile bond strength were measured and data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA/Tukey s test (α=0.05). Analysis of variance showed that primer composition was a significant factor for bond strength. There was not difference on bond strength of the primers with water concentration: 40% (53.9 ± 12.7 MPa), 20% (51.1 ± 11.5 MPa) and 10% (47.5 ± 11.4 MPa) and CSEB (52.44 ± 13.27 MPa). The group with 5% (38.6 ± 12.9 MPa) and 0% (31.5 ± 7.5 MPa), present similar bond strength amongst themselves but statistically smaller that the other groups. The water concentration, present in the primer solvent, exercise significant influence on the bond strength of this experimental self-etching adhesive systemEste estudo avaliou a influência de diferentes concentrações de água no solvente de um primer autocondicionante de um sistema adesivo dentinário experimental. Foram formulados cinco primers experimentais com diferentes concentrações, 0; 5; 10; 20; 40%, de água em massa e Clearfil SE Bond (CSEB) foi utilizado como referência comercial. Foram utilizados 60 incisivos bovinos, distribuídos aleatoriamente entre 6 grupos (n= 20). Na face vestibular dos dentes foi realizado desgaste com lixas até a exposição de dentina com lixa d água 600. O primer foi aplicado sobre a dentina previamente seca com papel absorvente, sendo aplicado jato de ar e em seguida o adesivo foi aplicado e foto-ativado com aparelho fotopolimerizador LED SDI Radii®. A restauração foi confeccionada utilizando 2 incrementos, fotoativados de acordo com as recomendações do fabricante. Após armazenagem por 24 horas em água destilada à 37°C, os dentes foram seccionados em cortadeira de precisão e a resistência de união mensurada, através de ensaio de microtração em uma máquina de ensaios mecânicos. Análise de Variância segundo um critério e teste complementar de Tukey foram utilizados na análise estatística (α=5%). Não houve diferença na resistência de união de P40 (53,9 ±12,7 MPa) P20 (51,1 ±11,5 MPa) e P10 (47,5 ±11,4 MPa) e CB (52,44 ±13,27 MPa). Os grupos P5 (38,6 ±12,9 MPa) e P0 (31.5 ±7.5 MPa) não apresentaram diferença estatística entre si, mas seus valores de adesão dentinária foram menores que os demais grupos (p<0,05). A resistência de união dentinária do sistema adesivo experimental testado sofre influência da concentração de água presente no solvente do primer autocondicionant

Uso de benzodioxolas em sistemas de fotoiniciação de adesivos odontológicos

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of benzodioxole derivatives as co-initiators of radical polymerization of experimental self-etching adhesive systems. To compose the experimental self-etching adhesive systems a primer, containing methacrylate monomers and solvents, was developed. A monomer mixture, based on 50 wt % of Bisphenol A glicidyl dimethacrylate (Bis-GMA), 25 wt% of triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) and 25 wt% of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate(HEMA), was used as a model dental adhesive resin. Camphorquinone (CQ) 1 mol % was used as a photoinitiator to initiate polymerization. Different co-initiators (1,3- benzodioxole and piperonyl alcohol) and concentrations (0.25, 0.50, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 mol %) were used in a model dental adhesive resin, to compose the experimental groups. Additionally, tertiary amine (EDAB) was used as co-initiator in the control group. The physical, chemical and mechanical properties and characteristics of the polymer obtained for the experimental adhesives (ABDO, APA, AEDAB) were evaluated using polymerization kinetics, sorption and solubility, flexural strength and elastic modulus. The microtensile bond strength (µTBS) to enamel and dentin, and fracture mode were investigated. Adicionalmente morphological analysis of the dentin bonding Interface were evaluated. The results indicated that the BDO and PA were effective co-initiators for the photoinitiator system based on CQ. Comparisons between the benzodioxole derivative co-initiators and traditionally used amine EDAB, showed similar performance in the kinetics of polymerization, flexural strength, water sorption and solubility of the model dental adhesive resin evaluated. In the microtensile bond strength dentin means were higher than enamel and mixed failures were predominant. APA showed higher bond strengths than AEDAB, while ABDO showed intermediate data. The hybrid layer for all groups was shown to be shallow (1-2 µm thick). No appreciable differences in homogeneity were detected along the bonded interface. BDO and PA were feasible alternatives to conventional amine as co-initiator of radical polymerization, moreover, as these benzodioxoles are found in the human diet, this characteristic made them more promising and advantageous to use in dental adhesive resin formulations than amine.O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a efetividade de componentes derivados de benzodioxolas, como co-iniciadores da polimerização radicalar de um adesivo autocondicionante experimental. Para compor sistemas adesivos autocondicionantes experimentais foi desenvolvido um primer, composto por monômeros metacrilatos e solventes. O adesivo foi formulado utilizando uma resina adesiva modelo, composta por 50% de bisfenol A glicidil dimetacrilato (Bis-GMA), 25% de 2-hidroxietil metacrilato (HEMA) e 25% de trietilenoglicol dimetacrilato (TEGDMA), em massa. Canforoquinona (CQ) na concentração 1% molar foi utilizada como fotoiniciador da polimerização da resina modelo. Os grupos experimentais foram formulados com diferentes coiniciadores na resina adesiva: 1,3-benzodioxola (BDO) e álcool piperonílico (AP), em diferentes concentrações molares (0.25, 0.50, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 %). Adicionalmente um grupo com amina terciária, etil,4-dimetilamino benzoato (EDAB) como co-iniciador, foi formulado como controle. Características e propriedades físicas, químicas e mecânicas do polímero obtido pelos adesivos experimentais foram avaliadas utilizando as metodologias de cinética de polimerização, sorção e solubilidade, resistência à flexão e módulo de elasticidade. A resistência de união à microtração (MPa) ao esmalte e à dentina, com a caracterização do tipo de fratura foi investigada. Adicionalmente, análise morfológica da interface adesiva em dentina foi avaliada. Os resultados indicaram que o BDO e PA foram co-iniciadores efetivos para sistemas fotoiniciadores à base de canforoquinona (CQ). Comparações entre os adesivos experimentais com co-iniciadores derivados de benzodioxolas (ABDO e AAP) e amina (AEDAB), mostraram performance similar na avaliação da cinética de polimerização, resistência à flexão, sorção e solubilidade da resina adesiva modelo avaliada. Na avaliação da resistência de união ao esmalte e à dentina, foi detectada diferença estatística e houve predominância de falhas mistas. APA apresentou maior resistência de união que AEDAB, enquanto ABDO mostrou resultados intermediários. A camada híbrida para todos os grupos apresentou uma espessura entre 1 e 2 Vm. Não foi observada diferença na homogeneidade da interface adesiva em dentina. BDO e PA se revelaram alternativas viáveis à amina como co-iniciadores para a polimerização radicalar. Ademais, estas benzodioxolas são mais promissoras e vantajosas que as aminas, por sua biocompatibilidade e presença na dieta human

Como desenvolver suas próprias figuras: manual prático (How to develop your own figures: a practical manual)

Many people have difficulty developing images to illustrate article methodologies and presentations, but with the basics of PowerPoint and drawing, such as using basic shapes, selecting colors, and distributing light and shadow, we can create illustrations from scratch. So this is a manual to help you develop illustrations using a simple and accessible tool

Diclofenac in hyaluronic acid gel: an alternative treatment for actinic cheilitis

Objective: Actinic cheilitis (AC) is a precancerous lesion of the lip vermillion caused by prolonged exposure to ultraviolet light. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 3% diclofenac in 2.5% hyaluronic acid gel in the treatment of AC. Methods: Thirty-four patients with chronic AC were treated twice a day with topical diclofenac during a period of 30 to 180 days. The individuals were followed up every 15 days by means of clinical examination and digital photographic documentation. Results: Of the 27 patients that completed the study, 12 (44%) showed complete remission of the whitish plaques and exfoliative areas, and 15 (56%) had partial remission of the clinical picture of cheilitis. The latter group was submitted to excision of the leukoplakic areas which diagnosis varied from mild to moderate epithelial dysplasia. Conclusions: The results suggest a promising role for diclofenac in hyaluronic acid gel in the treatment of AC. This treatment has the advantages of not being invasive and showing few side effects

Fifty years of Brazilian Dental Materials Group: scientific contributions of dental materials field evaluated by systematic review

Objective A systematic review was conducted to analyze Brazilian scientific and technological production related to the dental materials field over the past 50 years. Material and Methods This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (Prisma) statement. Searches were performed until December 2014 in six databases: MedLine (PubMed), Scopus, LILACS, IBECS, BBO, and the Cochrane Library. Additionally, the Brazilian patent database (INPI - Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Industrial) was screened in order to get an overview of Brazilian technological development in the dental materials field. Two reviewers independently analyzed the documents. Only studies and patents related to dental materials were included in this review. Data regarding the material category, dental specialty, number of documents and patents, filiation countries, and the number of citations were tabulated and analyzed in Microsoft Office Excel (Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, Washington, United States). Results A total of 115,806 studies and 53 patents were related to dental materials and were included in this review. Brazil had 8% affiliation in studies related to dental materials, and the majority of the papers published were related to dental implants (1,137 papers), synthetic resins (681 papers), dental cements (440 papers), dental alloys (392 papers) and dental adhesives (361 papers). The Brazilian technological development with patented dental materials was smaller than the scientific production. The most patented type of material was dental alloys (11 patents), followed by dental implants (8 patents) and composite resins (7 patents). Conclusions Dental materials science has had a substantial number of records, demonstrating an important presence in scientific and technological development of dentistry. In addition, it is important to approximate the relationship between academia and industry to expand the technological development in countries such as Brazil

Fifty years of Brazilian Dental Materials Group: scientific contributions of dental materials field evaluated by systematic review

ABSTRACT Objective A systematic review was conducted to analyze Brazilian scientific and technological production related to the dental materials field over the past 50 years. Material and Methods This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (Prisma) statement. Searches were performed until December 2014 in six databases: MedLine (PubMed), Scopus, LILACS, IBECS, BBO, and the Cochrane Library. Additionally, the Brazilian patent database (INPI - Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Industrial) was screened in order to get an overview of Brazilian technological development in the dental materials field. Two reviewers independently analyzed the documents. Only studies and patents related to dental materials were included in this review. Data regarding the material category, dental specialty, number of documents and patents, filiation countries, and the number of citations were tabulated and analyzed in Microsoft Office Excel (Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, Washington, United States). Results A total of 115,806 studies and 53 patents were related to dental materials and were included in this review. Brazil had 8% affiliation in studies related to dental materials, and the majority of the papers published were related to dental implants (1,137 papers), synthetic resins (681 papers), dental cements (440 papers), dental alloys (392 papers) and dental adhesives (361 papers). The Brazilian technological development with patented dental materials was smaller than the scientific production. The most patented type of material was dental alloys (11 patents), followed by dental implants (8 patents) and composite resins (7 patents). Conclusions Dental materials science has had a substantial number of records, demonstrating an important presence in scientific and technological development of dentistry. In addition, it is important to approximate the relationship between academia and industry to expand the technological development in countries such as Brazil