Rare Case of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer to Uretral Meatus with Rapid Progression and Fatal Outcomes

Urethral metastases are extremely rare. A few cases of uretral metastasis in the literature have been found to arise from the colon. Because of the rarity of uretral metastasis and its similarity to primary uretral neoplasms, diagnosis is rarely evoqued. We report here a case of a 46-yearold female admitted to our hospital with complaints of rectal bleeding, bowel distension and urinary symptoms. Clinical examination revealed rectal mass associated with meatus urethral tumor. A biopsy yielded a diagnosis of rectal adenocarcinoma with metastasis to urethral meatus, and tumor cells were strongly and uniformly positive for CK20 and CDX2 at immunohistochemical analysis. A general examination has shown a sigmoid tumor with hepatic metastatic lesion. One month after diagnosis, the tumor grew rapidly, with hepatic invasion and therefore the patient was treated only by palliative care. She died from liver failure one month later. Although urethral metastasis originating from colon is rare, this entity is increasingly described. The synchronous character and the location of the metastasis in the uretral meatus, are two remarkable characteristics described in this case report. The purpose of presenting this case report is to raise awareness among clinicians to consider this clinical entity as a differential diagnosis when urethral mass is identified

Radiation induced esophageal adenocarcinoma in a woman previously treated for breast cancer and renal cell carcinoma

BACKGROUND: Secondary radiation-induced cancers are rare but well-documented as long-term side effects of radiation in large populations of breast cancer survivors. Multiple neoplasms are rare. We report a case of esophageal adenocarcinoma in a patient treated previously for breast cancer and clear cell carcinoma of the kidney. CASE PRESENTATION: A 56 year-old non smoking woman, with no alcohol intake and no familial history of cancer; followed in the National Institute of Oncology of Rabat Morocco since 1999 for breast carcinoma, presented on consultation on January 2011 with dysphagia. Breast cancer was treated with modified radical mastectomy, 6 courses of chemotherapy based on CMF regimen and radiotherapy to breast, inner mammary chain and to pelvis as castration. Less than a year later, a renal right mass was discovered incidentally. Enlarged nephrectomy realized and showed renal cell carcinoma. A local and metastatic breast cancer recurrence occurred in 2007. Patient had 2 lines of chemotherapy and 2 lines of hormonotherapy with Letrozole and Tamoxifen assuring a stable disease. On January 2011, the patient presented dysphagia. Oesogastric endoscopy showed middle esophagus stenosing mass. Biopsy revealed adenocarcinoma. No evidence of metastasis was noticed on computed tomography and breast disease was controlled. Palliative brachytherapy to esophagus was delivered. Patient presented dysphagia due to progressive disease 4 months later. Jejunostomy was proposed but the patient refused any treatment. She died on July 2011. CONCLUSION: We present here a multiple neoplasm in a patient with no known family history of cancers. Esophageal carcinoma is most likely induced by radiation. However the presence of a third malignancy suggests the presence of genetic disorders

Unusual case of cavitary lung metastasis from squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix

Spontaneous excavation of primary lung cancer is common; however cavitation of metastatic lung lesions is rare and usually confused with benign lesions. In Moroccan context tuberculosis is the first suspected diagnosis of lung excavations. We report a rare case of cavitary lung metastasis of a uterine cervix cancer, treated initially as tuberculosis. A 40-year old non-smoking woman with a known history of squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix since August 2005; presented on September 2008 with right chest pain without fever, hemoptysis or weight loss. CT scan showed a thin walled cavity. Empirical Antibiotic therapy was conducted 15 days with poor outcome. Then antibacillary treatment was started with no proof of mycobacterial infection. A month later, the patient presented with gynecological bleeding and a pneumothorax. Bronchoscopy with transbronchial biopsy of the cavitary mass was performed. Pathology demonstrated a metastatic squamous cell carcinoma. Pelvic examination and MRI showed a subsequent local cervix recurrence. Patient underwent 3 courses of systemic chemotherapy. She died on June 2009 due to progressive disease. Even cavitary lung metastases are rare and benign differential diagnosis are more common, clinician should be careful in neoplastic context and investigation should be done to eliminate a recurrence.Pan African Medical Journal 2013; 14:3

Liposarcome dédifférencie du cordon spermatique: difficultés thérapeutiques des grosses tumeurs

Le liposarcome du cordon spermatique est une entité rare : environ 100 cas ont été rapportés dans la littérature. Nous rapportons l’observation d’un homme âgé de 42 ans, chez qui a été décelée une masse tumorale développée aux dépens du cordon spermatique droit. Une orchidectomie droite avec exérèse large de la tumeur a été difficilement réalisée en raison de la taille importante de la masse. En post opératoire, le patient a présenté une progression locale et métastatique pulmonaire. Une mono chimiothérapie a été administrée à base d’anthracycline mais le patient a décédé suite à une progression rapide de la maladie. À travers cette observation, nous rapportons brièvement les données de la littérature de cette entité rare. Une exérèse large avec des marges saines, tant que possible, est indispensable pour le contrôle local de la maladie. Néanmoins, en cas de taille tumoral importante, comme le cas de notre patient, une exérèse complète est souvent difficile. Vu le taux élevé de rechute locale, une stratégie combinée associant chirurgie et radiothérapie adjuvante peut être envisagée. Le rôle de la chimiothérapie, bien qu’incertain, garde son indication dans les cas métastatiques, surtout dans les sous types dédifférenciés

Primary pleural leiomyosarcoma with rapid progression and fatal outcome: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Leiomyosarcomas are neoplasms of smooth muscles that most commonly arise from the uterus, gastrointestinal tract, or soft tissue. Primary pleural leiomyosarcoma is extremely rare. To the best of our knowledge, only nine cases have been published to date. Because of the rarity of pleural leiomyosarcoma and its similarity (clinical and histological) to other pleural neoplasms, particularly sarcomatous mesothelioma, diagnosis is often difficult.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>A 58-year-old North African man was admitted with complaints of dyspnea and chest pain to our hospital. Chest computed tomography revealed right pleural effusion and pleural thickening. A transthoracic needle biopsy yielded a diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma, and tumor cells were strongly and uniformly positive for vimentin, a smooth muscle actin at immunohistochemical analysis. A general examination did not show any metastatic lesions in other areas. One month after diagnosis, the tumor grew rapidly, with pulmonary invasion, and therefore he was treated only by palliative care. He died from respiratory failure one month later. Because no organ of origin of the leiomyosarcoma, other than the pleura, was detected, this case was diagnosed as a primary pleural leiomyosarcoma.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Although leiomyosarcoma originating from the pleura is rare, this entity is increasingly described. The purpose of presenting this case report is to raise awareness among clinicians to consider this clinical entity as a differential diagnosis when a pleural mass is identified.</p

Classic Kaposi's sarcoma in morocco: clinico -epidemiological study at the national institute of oncology

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Classic Kaposi's sarcoma (CKS) is a rare disease likely associated with human herpes virus 8 (HHV-8) infection, and occurs predominantly in Jewish, Mediterranean and middle eastern men .There is a dearth of data in Moroccan patients with CKS regarding epidemiology, clinical characteristics and outcomes. This report examines a cohort of patients with CKS evaluated at the national institute of oncology over 11-year period.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A retrospective analysis of patients referred to the national institute of oncology with classical Kaposi sarcoma, between January 1998 and February 2008, was performed. Reviewed information included demographics, clinical and pathological staging, death or last follow-up.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>During the study period, 56 patients with a diagnosis of CKS have been referred to our hospital. There were 11(19,7%) females and 45 (80,3%) males (male-to-female ratio: 4:1). Mean age at diagnosis was 61,7 ± 15 (range: 15- 86 years). Nodules and/or plaques were the most frequent type of lesion. The most common location was the lower limbs, particularly the distal lower extremity (90%). In addition to skin involvement, visceral spread was evident in 9 cases. The most common visceral involvement sites were lymph nodes (44%), lung (22%), and gastrointestinal tract (22%). Associated lymphoedema was seen in 24 (42%) of the patients. There were 18 stage I patients (32,14%), 8: stage II (14,28%), 21 stage III(37,5%) and 9 stage IV (16,07%). A second primary malignancy was diagnosed in 6 cases (10,7%), none of the reticuloendothelial system.</p> <p>With a median follow-up of 45 months, 38 (67,8) patients are alive, of whom 25 (65,78%) patients with stable disease, five with progressive disease currently under systemic chemotherapy and 8(21,05%) are alive and free of disease, over a mean interval of 5 years.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This is the largest reported series in our context. In Morocco, CKS exhibits some special characteristics including a disseminated skin disease at diagnosis especially in men, a more common visceral or lymph node involvement and a less frequent association with second malignancies.</p

Maladie de kaposi classique a propos de 51 cas Etude epidemiologique, clinique et therapeutique

La maladie de Kaposi classique est une affection proliférative qui atteint les sujets HIV négatifs, induite fort probablement par l'herpès virus humain de type 8. Le but de notre travail est de dresser le profil épidémiologique, clinique, et thérapeutique de cette maladie. Il s’agit d’une étude rétrospective, à l’institut national d’oncologie, menée de janvier 1998 à décembre 2007, ayant inclus 51 cas de SK classique, recrutés parmi 76 cas de maladie de kaposi. Elle représente 0,1% des nouveaux cas de cancer admis par an à l’INO avec une moyenne de 5cas /4985 nvx cas de cancer/an. L'âge médian des patients était de 62 ans(15-86 ans). Le sexe ratio était de 4. Tous les malades avaient une atteinte cutanée et 15patients une atteinte extracutanée. 47% des malades avaient un stade III selon la classification de KRIEGEL. Les traitements locaux ont été utilisés chez 22 patients (radiothérapie, chirurgie et chimiothérapie intralésionelle) .La radiothérapie seule était le traitement le plus utilisé (16 patients) avec 76% de réponses objectives RO (RC à 38% et RP38%). Combinée à la chimiothérapie ou chirurgie chez 13 patients, les réponses complètes ont été améliorées à 46%. 26 patients (stade 3 et 4) ont reçu une chimiothérapie systémique.11 patients ont reçu une monochimiothérapie à base de bléomycine essentiellement et 15 une polychimiothérapie à base d’anthracyclines et vincristine avec 60% de RO (RC à 15%et RPà45%). Les soins palliatifs ont été préconisés dans 3 cas évolué. La médiane du suivi était de 21mois. Un taux de rechute de 38% a été observé. La survie sans rechute à 3 ans est de 76%. La survie globale était estimée à 62% à 3ans. En discutant les données de la littérature, les traitements locaux, notamment la radiothérapie, doivent être indiqués en première intention. La chimiothérapie est réservée aux stades avancés d’évolution agressive

First line chemotherapy plus trastuzumab in metastatic breast cancer HER2 positive - Observational institutional study

Breast cancer is the most common malignant disease and among the most frequent causes of cancer mortality in females worldwide. Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is conventionally considered to be incurable. In first-line treatment of HER-2 positive MBC, randomized trials have demonstrated that trastuzumab when combined with chemotherapy significantly improves progression free survival and overall survival. To evaluate survival and toxicity of chemotherapy with Trastuzumab as first line therapy of human epithermal growth factor receptor 2 positive metastatic breast cancer, in Moroccan population. It is a phase IV observational institutional monocentric study. Including patients with metastatic breast cancer HER2 positive, as first-line chemotherapy combined with Trastuzumab from March 2009 until March 2010. Primary end point: progression free survival, secondary end point response rate and overall survival. A total of 20 patients were enrolled between March 2009 and March 2010. The lung was the first metastatic site in 60% of the cases, followed by bone, liver, nodes, skin and brain. All patients received chemotherapy with Trastuzumab: 9 of them with Docetaxel, 8 with vinorelbine, and 3 with capecitabine. The progression free survival was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method, from the date of first cycle to the date of progression or at the last consultation, and the median was 12.8 months. Trastuzumab based chemotherapy was generally well tolerated; 5 patients (25%) presented cardiotoxicity. The results of this study join the literature and show the benefit of Trastuzumab to chemotherapy in first line metastatic breast cancer HER-2 positive.The Pan African Medical Journal 2016;2