Particularitățile de evoluție a meningitei tuberculoase la adulți

Background. Development of meningitis in patients with tuberculosis (TB) conditions a serious evolution of the disease, caused by irreversible changes that occur by cerebral edema. Objective of the study. Studying of evolution and assess treatment outcomes in adult patients with TB meningitis. Material and Methods. A cohort retrospective study was performed that included 46 adults with TB meningitis, undergoing treatment at the Municipal Clinical Hospital of Phthisiopneumology in Chisinau for the period 2000-2018 years. Results. Rate male/female - 4.75/1. Aged <40 years - 21 (46%). TB contact - 32 (70%) cases. The social risk factors was in 100%. Passive detection predominated - 44 (96%). Meningitis has been established in patients with pulmonary TB in 38 (83%) cases. The clinical forms of pulmonary TB were: infiltrative - 22 (68%), fibrocavitary - 6 (17%), disseminated - 4 (15%), 14 (30%) - extrapulmonary TB. Diagnosis was confirmed by distinctiv changes in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF): serous CSF character, increased pleocytosis due to lymphocytes, positive Pandy reaction, hypoglycorahia. Treatment for sensitive TB - 31 (68%), for resistant TB - 15 (22%). The death of the patients - 41 (89%) cases. Conclusion. TB meningitis develops in young adults with contact TB. The TB meningitis diagnosis was confirmed by distinctiv typical changes in CSF. TB meningitis evolution is unfavorable. Introducere. Dezvoltarea meningitei la pacienții cu tuberculoză (TB) condiționează o evoluție gravă prin modificările ireversibile cauzate de edemul cerebral. Scopul lucrării. Studierea evoluției și rezultatelor tratamentului la adulții cu meningita TB. Material și Metode. S-a efectuat o cercetare retrospectivă de tip cohort, care a inclus 46 de adulți cu meningită tuberculoasă, aflați pentru tratament în Spitalul Clinic Municipal de Ftiziopneumologie din Chișinău, în perioada 2000-2018. Rezultate. Rata bărbați/femei - 4.75/1. Vârsta pacienților <40 ani - 21 (46%). Contact TB a fost în 32 (70%) cazuri. Factori de risc sociali au fost în 100%. A predominat depistarea pasivă - 44 (96%). TB pulmonară a fost în 38 (83%) cazuri. Formele clinice de TB pulmonară au fost: infiltrativă - 22 (68%), fibrocavitară - 6 (17%), diseminată - 4 (15%), 14 (30%) cazuri – TB extrapulmonară. Etiologia TB s-a stabilit prin modificări distinctive în lichidul cefalo-rahidian (LCR): caracter seros al LCR, pleocitoză crescută din contul limfocitelor, reacția Pandy pozitivă, hypoglycorahia. Tratament pentru TB sensibilă - 31 (68%), pentru TB rezistentă - 15 (22%). Decesul bolnavilor - 41 (89%) cazuri. Concluzii. Meningita TB se dezvoltă la pacienții tineri din contact TB. Etiologia TB a meningitei se confirmă prin modificarile în LCR. Evoluția meningitei TB este gravă, necesitând un diagnostic și tratament prompt

Determinanții sociali la pacienții cu tuberculoză pulmonară

Introduction. People with social vulnerability, such as those without a place for living, migrants, unemployed, and marginalized by addictive behaviors have a high risk for tuberculosis. Objective of the study. The aim of the study was to assess the distribution of the social determinants in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Material and methods. A retrospective, selective, longitudinal study was performed that included 419 patients diagnosed with tuberculosis and registered with a socially vulnerable state in Chisinau during 2017-2019. Results. According to the sex distribution, it was identified that the ratio men/ women consisted 3.5/1; the age group of 35-54 years was prevailed with 226 (54%) cases, followed by the age group of 18-35 years with 125 (30%) cases and the group of 55+ years – with 56 (16%) cases. Unemployed were 328 (78%), low level of education had 342 (82%) cases and poor living conditions had 281 (67%) cases. There were in detention 41 (9%) cases and recently migrated were 53 (13%) cases. Harmful habits such as chronic alcoholism had 61 (15%) cases and patients who are addicted to drugs – 7 (2%) cases. HIV/AIDS was diagnosed in 52 (12%) cases, mental disorders – in 14 (5%) cases, malnourished were 32 (7.6%) patients, undernourished – 28% cases. 48 (11%) cases were in tuberculosis contact. Conclusions. The social determinants of the patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were dominated by unemployment, low level of education and poor living conditions, which often were associated with harmful habits, TB contact, undernourished and HIV-infection.Introducere. Persoanele cu vulnerabilitate socială, precum cele fără loc de trai, marginalizate prin comportamente adictive și migranți constituie un risc sporit de îmbolnăvire de tuberculoză. Scopul. Scopul a fost de a evalua distribuția determinanților sociali la pacienții cu tuberculoză pulmonară. Material și metode. A fost efectuat un studiu retrospectiv, selectiv, descriptiv care a inclus 419 pacienți diagnosticați cu tuberculoză pulmonară și care au fost înregistrați cu un statut social vulnerabil în Chișinău în perioada 2017-2019. Rezultate. Distribuind pacienții în dependență de sex, am identificat că raportul bărbați/femei a constituit 3,5/1, a predominat grupul de vârstă 35-54 ani cu 226 (54%) cazuri, urmat de grupul de vârstă 18-35 ani cu 125 (30%) cazuri și grupul de vârstă 55+ ani – cu 56 (16%) cazuri. Șomeri au constituit 328 (78%) cazuri, nivelul scăzut de studii au avut 342 (82%) cazuri, condiții de viață sărace – 281 (67%) cazuri. Au fost în detenție 41 (9%) cazuri și au migrat recent 53 (13%) cazuri. Deprinderi nocive ca alcoolism cronic au avut 61 (15%) cazuri și au utilizat droguri 7 (2%) pacienți. HIV/SIDA s-a diagnosticat la 52 (12%) pacienți, tulburări psihice – la 14 (5%) cazuri, malnutriți au fost 32 (7,6%) pacienți și subnutriți – 28% cazuri. În contact tuberculos au fost 48 (11%) cazuri. Concluzii. Determinanții sociali la pacienții cu tuberculoză pulmonară au fost dominați de șomaj, nivel redus de școlarizare, condiții nesatisfăcătoare de trai, care frecvent s-au asociat cu deprinderi nocive, contactul tuberculos, subnutriția și infecția HIV

SOCIAL DETERMINANTS IN PATIENTS WITH PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS

Universitatea de Stat de Medicină şi Farmacie „Nicolae Testemiţanu”, Chişinău, Republica MoldovaIntroducere. Persoanele cu vulnerabilitate socială, precum cele fără loc de trai, marginalizate prin comportamente adictive și migranți constituie un risc sporit de îmbolnăvire de tuberculoză. Scopul. Scopul a fost de a evalua distribuția determinanților sociali la pacienții cu tuberculoză pulmonară. Material și metode. A fost efectuat un studiu retrospectiv, selectiv, descriptiv care a inclus 419 pacienți diagnosticați cu tuberculoză pulmonară și care au fost înregistrați cu un statut social vulnerabil în Chișinău în perioada 2017-2019. Rezultate. Distribuind pacienții în dependență de sex, am identificat că raportul bărbați/femei a constituit 3,5/1, a predominat grupul de vârstă 35-54 ani cu 226 (54%) cazuri, urmat de grupul de vârstă 18-35 ani cu 125 (30%) cazuri și grupul de vârstă 55+ ani – cu 56 (16%) cazuri. Șomeri au constituit 328 (78%) cazuri, nivelul scăzut de studii au avut 342 (82%) cazuri, condiții de viață sărace – 281 (67%) cazuri. Au fost în detenție 41 (9%) cazuri și au migrat recent 53 (13%) cazuri. Deprinderi nocive ca alcoolism cronic au avut 61 (15%) cazuri și au utilizat droguri 7 (2%) pacienți. HIV/SIDA s-a diagnosticat la 52 (12%) pacienți, tulburări psihice – la 14 (5%) cazuri, malnutriți au fost 32 (7,6%) pacienți și subnutriți – 28% cazuri. În contact tuberculos au fost 48 (11%) cazuri. Concluzii. Determinanții sociali la pacienții cu tuberculoză pulmonară au fost dominați de șomaj, nivel redus de școlarizare, condiții nesatisfăcătoare de trai, care frecvent s-au asociat cu deprinderi nocive, contactul tuberculos, subnutriția și infecția HIV.Introduction. People with social vulnerability, such as those without a place for living, migrants, unemployed, and marginalized by addictive behaviors have a high risk for tuberculosis. Objective of the study. The aim of the study was to assess the distribution of the social determinants in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Material and methods. A retrospective, selective, longitudinal study was performed that included 419 patients diagnosed with tuberculosis and registered with a socially vulnerable state in Chisinau during 2017-2019. Results. According to the sex distribution, it was identified that the ratio men/ women consisted 3.5/1; the age group of 35-54 years was prevailed with 226 (54%) cases, followed by the age group of 18-35 years with 125 (30%) cases and the group of 55+ years – with 56 (16%) cases. Unemployed were 328 (78%), low level of education had 342 (82%) cases and poor living conditions had 281 (67%) cases. There were in detention 41 (9%) cases and recently migrated were 53 (13%) cases. Harmful habits such as chronic alcoholism had 61 (15%) cases and patients who are addicted to drugs – 7 (2%) cases. HIV/AIDS was diagnosed in 52 (12%) cases, mental disorders – in 14 (5%) cases, malnourished were 32 (7.6%) patients, undernourished – 28% cases. 48 (11%) cases were in tuberculosis contact. Conclusions. The social determinants of the patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were dominated by unemployment, low level of education and poor living conditions, which often were associated with harmful habits, TB contact, undernourished and HIV-infection

Features of the pediatric patients with tuberculosis

Introduction Tuberculosis among pediatric population is an important health problem in many countries, especially in low income countries. The receptivity for TB is higher during the childhood period due to social, epidemiological and biological risk factors. Purpose To establish the peculiarities of pediatric patients diagnosed with TB in the actual epidemiological context of Chisinau city Material and methods A retrospective study, which included 43 children diagnosed in Chisinau during the period 2017-2019 was performed Results Distribution by sex: 22 (51%) were boys and 21 (49%) girls. From urban residence were 21 (49%) cases and from rural residence - 22 (51%) cases. Tuberculous contact had 21 (51.16%) children. By the examination of the high-risk groups 36 (84%) cases were detected with tuberculosis contact, including 21 (52%) cases of family contact. General practitioners detected 27 (63%) cases and phthisiopulmonologists - 16 (37%) cases. The new cases were 38 (88%) children and previously treated cases were 5 (12%) cases. Tuberculosis of intrathoracic lymph nodes was diagnosed in 40 (93%) children, primary tuberculosis complex - in 2 (4.6%) cases and 1 (2.3%) case was diagnosed with acute disseminated tuberculosis. Positive tuberculin test result was identified in 29 (67%) children, hyperergic reaction - in 5 (12%) children and negative result - in 8 (19%) cases. Nonvaccinated BCG were only 2 (4.6%) cases. Conclusions The peculiarities of pediatric patients affected by tuberculosis are the similar involvement of boys and girls, presence of tuberculosis contact, lack of antituberculosis treatment in most of cases, predomination of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and positive or hyperergic results of tuberculin skin test

Характеристика смертности от туберкулеза легких в муниципальной больнице Фтизиопульмонологии, Кишинев.

The characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis deaths in the Municipal Hospital of Phthisiopneumology, Chisinau.Scopul studiului a fost analiza particularităților clinice, paraclinice și a factorilor de risc a bolnavilor decedați prin tuberculoza pulmonară. A fost efectuat un studiu retrospectiv și descriptiv, &icirc;n baza datelor a 92 bolnavi decedați prin tuberculoză &icirc;n Spitalul Municipal de Ftiziopneumologie din Chișinău, &icirc;n perioada anilor 2016-2018. Prin progresarea tuberculozei au decedat 40 (43,5%) bolnavi cazuri noi și 23 (25,0%) din retratamente, iar 29 (31,8%) bolnavi de tuberculoza au decedat prin alte boli. Din spitalele somatice au fost transferați 45,6% bolnavii, de la domiciliu prin intermediul serviciului de urgența &icirc;n stare gravă au fost internați 39,1% pacienți și numai 15,3% &ndash; &icirc;ndreptați de medicul ftiziopneumolog. Au predominat formele grave de tuberculoza (pneumonia cazeoasă și tuberculoza generalizată). Co-infecția TB/HIV a constituit 19,6%. Fără loc stabil de trai au fost 27,2% pacienți decedați. La decedații prin alte boli cauzele principale de deces au fost cancerul de diferite localizări, pneumoniile comunitare, ciroza hepatică.Характеристика смертности от туберкулеза легких в муниципальной больнице Фтизиопульмонологии, Кишинев

CDPKs CPK6 and CPK3 Function in ABA Regulation of Guard Cell S-Type Anion- and Ca(2+)- Permeable Channels and Stomatal Closure

Abscisic acid (ABA) signal transduction has been proposed to utilize cytosolic Ca(2+) in guard cell ion channel regulation. However, genetic mutants in Ca(2+) sensors that impair guard cell or plant ion channel signaling responses have not been identified, and whether Ca(2+)-independent ABA signaling mechanisms suffice for a full response remains unclear. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) have been proposed to contribute to central signal transduction responses in plants. However, no Arabidopsis CDPK gene disruption mutant phenotype has been reported to date, likely due to overlapping redundancies in CDPKs. Two Arabidopsis guard cell–expressed CDPK genes, CPK3 and CPK6, showed gene disruption phenotypes. ABA and Ca(2+) activation of slow-type anion channels and, interestingly, ABA activation of plasma membrane Ca(2+)-permeable channels were impaired in independent alleles of single and double cpk3cpk6 mutant guard cells. Furthermore, ABA- and Ca(2+)-induced stomatal closing were partially impaired in these cpk3cpk6 mutant alleles. However, rapid-type anion channel current activity was not affected, consistent with the partial stomatal closing response in double mutants via a proposed branched signaling network. Imposed Ca(2+) oscillation experiments revealed that Ca(2+)-reactive stomatal closure was reduced in CDPK double mutant plants. However, long-lasting Ca(2+)-programmed stomatal closure was not impaired, providing genetic evidence for a functional separation of these two modes of Ca(2+)-induced stomatal closing. Our findings show important functions of the CPK6 and CPK3 CDPKs in guard cell ion channel regulation and provide genetic evidence for calcium sensors that transduce stomatal ABA signaling

Transcriptomic Signatures of Ash (Fraxinus spp.) Phloem

Ash (Fraxinus spp.) is a dominant tree species throughout urban and forested landscapes of North America (NA). The rapid invasion of NA by emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis), a wood-boring beetle endemic to Eastern Asia, has resulted in the death of millions of ash trees and threatens billions more. Larvae feed primarily on phloem tissue, which girdles and kills the tree. While NA ash species including black (F. nigra), green (F. pennsylvannica) and white (F. americana) are highly susceptible, the Asian species Manchurian ash (F. mandshurica) is resistant to A. planipennis perhaps due to their co-evolutionary history. Little is known about the molecular genetics of ash. Hence, we undertook a functional genomics approach to identify the repertoire of genes expressed in ash phloem.Using 454 pyrosequencing we obtained 58,673 high quality ash sequences from pooled phloem samples of green, white, black, blue and Manchurian ash. Intriguingly, 45% of the deduced proteins were not significantly similar to any sequences in the GenBank non-redundant database. KEGG analysis of the ash sequences revealed a high occurrence of defense related genes. Expression analysis of early regulators potentially involved in plant defense (i.e. transcription factors, calcium dependent protein kinases and a lipoxygenase 3) revealed higher mRNA levels in resistant ash compared to susceptible ash species. Lastly, we predicted a total of 1,272 single nucleotide polymorphisms and 980 microsatellite loci, among which seven microsatellite loci showed polymorphism between different ash species.The current transcriptomic data provide an invaluable resource for understanding the genetic make-up of ash phloem, the target tissue of A. planipennis. These data along with future functional studies could lead to the identification/characterization of defense genes involved in resistance of ash to A. planipennis, and in future ash breeding programs for marker development

Étude de l'équilibre entre les solutions hydrothermales et les feldspaths de la série KAlSi3O8-Rb Al Si3O8, à 600° C sous une pression de 1 000 bars

Ghelis Marianne, Lagache Martine. Étude de l'équilibre entre les solutions hydrothermales et les feldspaths de la série KAlSi3O8-Rb Al Si3O8, à 600° C sous une pression de 1 000 bars. In: Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie et de Cristallographie, volume 95, 1, 1972. Réunion annuelle de l'Association Française de Cristallographie, Lille, 6-8 mai 1971

Etude d'une voie de transduction de l'acide abscissique dans les cellules en suspension d'Arabidopsis thaliana

PARIS-BIUSJ-Thèses (751052125) / SudocCentre Technique Livre Ens. Sup. (774682301) / SudocPARIS-BIUSJ-Physique recherche (751052113) / SudocSudocFranceF