38 research outputs found
Temporary worsening of kidney function following aortic reconstructive surgery.
INTRODUCTION
Little is known about the incidence of temporary kidney dysfunction following major vascular surgeries. We aimed to assess the frequency of temporary decreased kidney function following aortic surgeries.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In a retrospective study, we assessed 108 hospital records of the patients who had undergone elective open abdominal surgery of aortic aneurysm. Preoperative and postoperative (days 1, 2, and 3) data on estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were collected and evaluated in relation to the patients' clinical characteristics and outcomes. A decline greater than 10% in GFR on day 1 or 2, and then, an increase of GFR to a level of maximum 10% below the baseline value on the third postoperative day was considered as temporary worsening of kidney function. Postoperative alterations of GFR not greater than 10% in relation to the baseline were considered as improved or unchanged kidney function. Two patients with persistent decrease in GFR were excluded.
RESULTS
Temporary worsening of kidney function was seen in 25 patients (23.6%). Short-term mortality rate was 44.0% in this group of patients, while it was 17.3% in those without decreased GFR (P = .006). According to the regression analysis, the only predictor of mortality was temporary worsening of kidney function, with a hazard ratio of 4.03 (95% confidence interval, 1.44 to 11.31; P = .008).
CONCLUSIONS
Nearly 1 out of 4 aortic surgeries results in kidney dysfunction. Albeit temporary in most cases, it seems to be associated with a higher short-term mortality rate
Effects of low-intensity continuous ultrasound on hematological parameters of rats
Background: Low intensity ultrasound (US) has some well-known bio-effects which are of great importance to be considered. Objective: We conducted the present study to investigate the effects of low intensity continuous ultrasound on blood cells count in rat. Methods: Rats were anesthetized and blood samples were collected before US exposure. Then, they were exposed to US with nominal intensity of 0.2 W/cm2 at frequency of 3 MHz for a period of 10 minutes and this protocol was repeated for 7 days. Twenty four hours after the last US exposure, secondary blood samples were collected and the changes in blood parameters were evaluated. Results: Analysis revealed that platelets, hematocrit (HCT) and hemoglobin (HGB) were significantly different between experimental and sham groups but no difference between sham and control groups was observed. The results show that HCT and HGB of exposed rats were significantly reduced. Conclusion: This study shows that low intensity US may lead to side effects for hematological parameters such as reduction in the levels of HGB and HCT. © 2016 Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved
An Algorithm Informed by the Parathyroid Hormone Level Reduces Hypocalcemic Complications of Thyroidectomy
Ó The Author(s) 2010. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Background Measurement of the parathyroid hormone (PTH) level following total thyroidectomy (TTx) may allow prediction of postoperative hypocalcemia. We present an algorithmic method of managing hypocalcemia preemptively, based on the PTH level 1 h after operation. Materials and methods We examined 423 consecutive patients undergoing TTx at a single institution. A subset of patients were managed using an algorithm involving routine postoperative oral calcium administration and the early addition of oral calcitriol in patients with a low 1-h postoperative PTH level. Algorithm patients were compared to a concurrent, conventionally managed group. Outcomes measured included serum calcium levels, symptoms of hypocalcemia, postoperative complications, and receipt of intravenous (IV) calcium. Results The algorithm was applied in 135 patients, and 288 patients were managed conventionally. Critically low calcium levels (total calcium \7.5 mg/dl [1.88 mmol/l] or ionized calcium \0.94 mmol/l) were less common in algorithm patients (10.6 % vs. 25.3%; p \ 0.005). Much of this difference was attributable to the protective impact of the algorithm on patients undergoing TTx for cancer, 30% of whom developed critically low calcium levels when managed conventionally. Among patients requiring IV calcium, algorithm patients received fewer doses (1.29 vs
Epistaxis in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: an evidence based review of surgical management
Buckling and Vibration of Functionally Graded Non-uniform Circular Plates Resting on Winkler Foundation
Effect of ejaculation on serum prostate specific antigen level in screening and non-screening population
Background: The serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels are used for prostate cancer screening. Some conditions such as prostatitis, manipulation, and prostate cancer could influence on serum PSA. The impact of ejaculation on serum PSA is controversial. The aim of our study was to evaluate the relation of ejaculation and the levels of serum PSA. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 60 healthy voluntary men below and over 50 years during the year 2009-2011 were participated. After history taking, physical examination, and identical lower urinary tract symptoms score (American Urologic Association Score = AUA); three blood samples were taken before, 1 and 24 h after ejaculation. Results: Patients categorized into a non-screening group (age less than 50 years, n = 25), and screening group (age = 50 years, n = 35). Our data showed significant PSA rising in both groups 1 h after ejaculation (P value < 0.05); however, comparison of PSA levels in both groups, before and 24 h after ejaculation showed no significant differences. Spearman coefficient of correlation was showed a positive correlation between PSA in all stage and AUA score in the second group, but there were no such correlation in the first group. Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between ejaculation and the levels of serum PSA in screening and non-screening patients. However, in non-screening men significant rising of PSA after 1 h of ejaculation was not important clinically (not achieve to greater than 4 ng/ml). Taking a history of ejaculation in men older 50 years especially with high AUA score could prevent false positive results and subsequent un-necessary work-ups
Effects of Low-Intensity Continuous Ultrasound on Hematological Parameters of Rats
Background: Low intensity ultrasound (US) has some well-known bio-effects which are of great importance to be considered. Objective: We conducted the present study to investigate the effects of low intensity continuous ultrasound on blood cells count in rat. Methods: Rats were anesthetized and blood samples were collected before US exposure. Then, they were exposed to US with nominal intensity of 0.2 W/cm2 at frequency of 3 MHz for a period of 10 minutes and this protocol was repeated for 7 days. Twenty four hours after the last US exposure, secondary blood samples were collected and the changes in blood parameters were evaluated. Results: Analysis revealed that platelets, hematocrit (HCT) and hemoglobin (HGB) were significantly different between experimental and sham groups but no difference between sham and control groups was observed. The results show that HCT and HGB of exposed rats were significantly reduced. Conclusion: This study shows that low intensity US may lead to side effects for hematological parameters such as reduction in the levels of HGB and HCT