Examination of the four effectiveness methods of preventive from drug abuse on changing attitude towards drug abuse in the high schools boys

زمینه و هدف: مثلث « فقر، جهل و اعتیاد»، پویایی، بالندگی، نشاط و خلاقیت را از نوجوانان می گیرد. یکی از راه های پیشگیری از اعتیاد آموزش نوجوانان است. مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی میزان اثر بخشی چهار روش آموزش پیشگیری از سوء مصرف مواد (شرکت حضوری در کلاس های آموزشی مهارت های زندگی، ارائه پوستر و کاتالوگ، ارسال پیامک و نمایش فیلم) بر تغییر نگرش نسبت به مواد مخدر در دانش آموزان پسر دوره متوسطه انجام شده است. روش بررسی: تحقیق حاضر از نوع تحقیقات نیمه تجربی است که در آن 511 دانش آموز از 4 منطقه آموزشی استان چهارمحال و بختیاری به صورت نمونه گیری خوشه ای چند مرحله ای انتخاب شدند. جهت بررسی پژوهش ابتدا برای گروه ها، پیش آزمون انجام و جهت آموزش روش های پیشگیری، 12 جلسه آموزشی (هر هفته یک جلسه) برای هر کدام از 5 گروه برگزار شد. گروه های آزمایش و کنترل (جهت مقایسه اثر بخشی روش های گوناگون) از طریق پیش آزمون و پس آزمون با یکدیگر مقایسه شدند. یافته ها: از بین روش های پیشگیرانه در تغییر نگرش، روش های شرکت حضوری در کلاس های آموزشی مهارت های زندگی و آموزش از طریق فیلم اثر معنی داری (05/0>P) نسبت به آموزش از طریق پوستر و کاتالوگ و ارسال پیامک از طریق تلفن همراه داشتند (05/

Investigation of chaotic advection regime and its effect on thermal performance of wavy walled microchannels

Ph.DDOCTOR OF PHILOSOPH

The Relationship Between Emotional Intelligence and Disaster Nursing Competence in Nurses Working in Shahrekord

Background and Aims Nurses are the first of rescuers who are present after the incidence of disasters. Thus, they should be able to provide required cares for injured people using their competencies. Assessing disaster nursing competence and its effective factors are essential for enhancing the quality of nursing care. The present study was conducted to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence and disaster nursing competence. Methods This correlational cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 nurses working in an educational hospital in Shahrekord City, Iran. Sampling was performed by a multi-stage method. Data were collected using the Disaster Nursing Competence Scale as well as Emotional Intelligence questionnaire and analyzed by Independent Samples t-test, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and Pearson’s correlation coefficient in SPSS. Results The majority of nurses (53.3%) had average emotional intelligence, and the mean±SD score of the total disaster nursing competence was 162.58±2.70. Pearson’s correlation coefficient suggested a significant positive correlation between emotional intelligence and disaster nursing competence. Conclusion There was a significant relationship between emotional intelligence and disaster nursing competence. Therefore, appropriate educational programs should be designed to promote the level of emotional intelligence of nurses to increase their competence in disaster response

Decomposing disparity in adult individual’s mental health in Tehran among lower and higher economic groups; an Oaxaca- Blinder analysis on urban HEART Survey- round 2

Background: Mental health is one of the main aspects of social well-being. Tehran -capital of Iran- is metropolitan, where the mental health status of citizens is not prioritized effectively. Objectives: The purpose of this study was identifying contributors of mental health inequality between lower and higher economic groups in Tehran through Oaxaca- Blinder method. Methods: The study was conducted by the data of Tehran’s Urban Heart Survey- Round 2 (2012). Through a three- stage stratified and clustered sampling method, 34,700 were selected  as samples. The mental health status was measured by the General Health Questionnaire 28- items (GHQ- 28) and the quantity of the inequality in mental health was measured by corrected concentration index. The Fairlie’s decomposition approach was performed in STATA 14.Results: The corrected concentration index were: -0.0967 and -0.1004 by Erreyger’s and Wagstaff’s approaches. Being of the Iranian origin, disability conditions, employment status and smoking were identified as the main contributors of inequality in mental health among lower and higher economic groups.Conclusion: Thus, re-organizing strategies and plans on promoting the socio- economic status of non-Iranian residents, improving employment opportunities, developing well-designed environment for disabled individuals and supporting plans to reduce smoking is recommended to the urban policy makers. Keywords: Mental health, decomposing inequality, urban heart survey, Tehran

How do Iranian older adults define place attachment? a qualitative study

Background: Place attachment is the emotional bond between individuals and environment, which seems to increase wellbeing in old age. The purpose of this study was to explore the concept of place attachment from older adults’ perspective. Methods: In this qualitative study, a total of 14 older adults were purposively included in Aran and Bidgool city, Isfahan, Iran. The data were collected using a semi-structured interview and analyzed applying a directed content analysis approach. Results: As participants reported, place attachment meant intensive love, pride, dependency, and familiarity with the environment. Socio-economic attachment was identified as the most prevalent dimension of place attachment, followed by affective, physical, autobiographical, and religious-cultural attachment. Conclusion: Our findings provided a new understanding of place attachment in the context of Iran. The concept of place attachment was identified with a multidimensional nature from Iranian older adults’ perspective. Such a multidimensionality of place attachment should be considered while planning for age-friendly cities or the operationalization of the subject of aging in place, particularly in the developing societies, like Iran

Low Anterior and Very Low Anterior Resection in Patients with Rectal Cancer with or without Diverting Colostomy: A Comparison

Introduction: In colorectal cancer surgery, diverting colostomy after low anterior resection (LAR) and very low anterior resection (VLAR) operations is an issue of great significance to the surgeons. This study set out to compare the results of operation in patients with rectal cancer, undergoing VLAR and a type of LAR of the rectum, with or without diverting colostomy. Materials and Methods: 100 patients with rectal cancer undergoing VLAR and LAR, with or without diverting colostomy at a tertiary care hospital (Imam-Hossein Medical Center) were prospectively assessed from March, 2011 to February, 2015. Demographic data, radiotherapy history, and surgery-related data such as duration as well as post-operative complications were collected and analyzed. Results: Of 100 patients, 50 underwent VLAR or LAR without diverting colostomy, and 50 underwent surgical resection with diversion. The age, male to female ratio, and history of radiation were not different in the two groups (P>0.05). The surgery was successful for 47 (94%) patients without diverting colostomy and for 48 patients (96%) with diverting colostomy. The age, gender, history of radiotherapy, and surgery duration did not affect the surgery success rate (P > 0.05), which is fairly significant. The two groups showed no significant difference in surgical outcomes and complications (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Contrary to popular belief, the surgery success rate and complications were not significantly different in the group without diverting colostomy and the group with diverting colostomy. VLAR and LAR without diverting colostomy are recommended. &nbsp

Investigation of depression prevalence in slow coronary artery patients

Introduction: There is limited information about the association between Coronary Slow Flow (CSF) phenomenon and depression. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of depression in slow coronary artery patients in compression of patients with normal coronary artery and those with significant coronary stenosis under angiography at Shafa hospital of Kerman in 2018. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that was performed on 180 people. All participants were divided into three groups (60 patients with CSF diagnosed by elective Coronary Angiography (CAG), 60 people with Coronary Normal Flow (CNF), and 60 patients with significant coronary artery diseases (CAD) who were referred to Shafa hospital of Kerman in 2018. The data collection tool was a questionnaire that included two parts: demographic information and Beck Depression Scale. Data were analyzed by using SPSS 24 software. Results: The results showed that 55 % of the sample were male and the incidence of mild, moderate, and severe depression is significantly higher among patients with CSF in compromising with normal and coronary stenosis group (P <0.0001). Conclusion: Due to the significant association between depression and CSF, it is necessary for people with cardiovascular disease to be screened for psychiatric problems

Designing and verifying an instrument to measure religiosity

For downloading the full-text of this article please click here.Background and Objective: In spite of the paramount importance of religion in human life, the definition of its domain, concepts, and components is subject to theoretical and methodological uncertainty. The root of many of these ambiguities lies in the absence of appropriate measurement tools. Given that, the main purpose of this research is validating and determining reliability of a local instrument for measuring religiosity.Method: This study aimed at developing an instrument. The participants were provided with researchers' questionnaire developed after studying documents and providing the theoretical framework, preparing question banks and validity. The sample, 500 adult citizens over 18 years old in 22 districts of Tehran selected by using random sampling and classification according to gender, age, and area of residence. The obtained data were utilized for exploratory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha reliability, validity criteria, indicators fitted, and eventually the introduction of religiosity questionnaire. In this research, all the Ethical issues were observed and authors declared no conflicts of interest.Results: Based on exploratory factor analysis (EFA), seven factors accounted for 65.67% of the religiosity variance. The results of exploratory factor analysis (RMSEA=0.08, CFI=0.907, GFI=0.869) show the 21-item questionnaire has an acceptable fit. The internal consistency (α=0.83) and consistency over time also indicated that the final questionnaire has acceptable reliability.Conclusion: Results show that the developed questionnaire is acceptable in terms of validity and reliability to be used in Islamic societies for measuring religiosity.For downloading the full-text of this article please click here.Please cite this article as: Shahmirzalou H, Rafiey H­, Mousavi MT, Ghaedamini Harouni Gh, Hosseini Safa Z. Designing and verifying an instrument to measure religiosity. J Res Relig Health. 2019; 5(2):6- 22. doi: https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v5i2.1930

Decomposing disparity in adult individual\u2019s mental health in Tehran among lower and higher economic groups; an Oaxaca- Blinder analysis on urban HEART Survey- round 2

Background: Mental health is one of the main aspects of social well-being. Tehran -capital of Iran- is metropolitan, where the mental health status of citizens is not prioritized effectively. Objectives: The purpose of this study was identifying contributors of mental health inequality between lower and higher economic groups in Tehran through Oaxaca- Blinder method. Methods: The study was conducted by the data of Tehran\u2019s Urban Heart Survey- Round 2 (2012). Through a three- stage stratified and clustered sampling method, 34,700 were selected as samples. The mental health status was measured by the General Health Questionnaire 28- items (GHQ- 28) and the quantity of the inequality in mental health was measured by corrected concentration index. The Fairlie\u2019s decomposition approach was performed in STATA 14. Results: The corrected concentration index were: -0.0967 and -0.1004 by Erreyger\u2019s and Wagstaff \u2019s approaches. Being of the Iranian origin, disability conditions, employment status and smoking were identified as the main contributors of inequality in mental health among lower and higher economic groups. Conclusion: Thus, re-organizing strategies and plans on promoting the socio- economic status of non-Iranian residents, improving employment opportunities, developing well-designed environment for disabled individuals and supporting plans to reduce smoking is recommended to the urban policy makers

Parametric study on thermal and hydraulic characteristics of laminar flow in microchannel heat sink with fan-shaped ribs on sidewalls - Part 1: Heat transfer

The work was supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) of the UK through research Grant (EP/L001233/1) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51576005)