504 research outputs found
Monitoring Fishing Mortality: Compliance in Norwegian Offshore Fisheries
Sustainable management of wild fish stocks by means of catch quotas requires reliable data on fishing mortality. Norwegian authorities have attempted to ensure the reliability of this data through catch report procedures and a ban on dumping. The reliability of data on fishing mortality depends on the fishersâ compliance with these regulations. This article outlines the main factors that govern compliance and non-compliance in the Norwegian pelagic fisheries. Data was generated during fieldwork in the offshore pelagic fishing fleet.acceptedVersio
Hardship
Det skriftliga avtalet mellan tvĂ„ parter har lĂ€nge verkat som garanti för upprĂ€tthĂ„llandet av den grundlĂ€ggande avtalsrĂ€ttsliga principen om att avtal ska hĂ„llas, bĂ„de nationellt och internationellt. Men ska ett avtal alltid, under alla omstĂ€ndigheter, upprĂ€tthĂ„llas? FörĂ€ndringar under avtalets bestĂ„nd kan göra avtalsvillkor betungande för en avtalspart. Skall en part likvĂ€l tvingas till avtalsuppfyllelse Ă€ven om sannolikt kommer lida affĂ€rsmĂ€ssigt? En Ă„tgĂ€rd för att minska risken för konsekvenserna av förĂ€ndringar under avtalstiden Ă€r att ta in friskrivningsklausuler i avtalet. Dessutom finns det s.k. förutsĂ€ttningslĂ€ran samt 36 § AvtL och regler om force majeure. Dessa regler har dock en restriktiv juridisk tillĂ€mpning. Den restriktiva tillĂ€mpningen har bidragit till uppkomsten av ett behov av mer flexibla friskrivningsklausuler. DĂ€r kan s.k. hardship-klausuler ses som ett sĂ€tt att möta detta behov. Hardship-klausuler som medger t.ex. omförhandling vid Ă€ndrade förhĂ„llanden, regleras i sĂ„dana regelverk som t.ex. UNIDROIT Principles. Denna uppsats analyserar jag har jag hardship-klausulerna inom tre av de mest anvĂ€nda regerverken om detta, nĂ€mligen; Unidroit principles, PECL och ICC vilka alla utgör s.k. âsoft lawâ. Jag anvĂ€nder mig av traditionell juridisk metod. För att besvara mina frĂ„gestĂ€llningar har jag anvĂ€nt mig av lagar, praxis, förarbeten, doktrin, och softlaw. SĂ€rskild nytta har jag haft av Grönfors bok âAvtal och omförhandlingâ och Lehrbergs bok âomförhandlingsklausulerâ
Casuum conscientiae et praecipuarum quaestionum practicarum decisiones, ex s. scriptura, monumentis sc. prophetarum & apostolorum, nec non sinceriorum theologorum scriptis, in breviarium redactae. Cura [et] impensis Johannis Gezelij, d. ep. Ab
Arkit: ):(4, A-2C8 D4.TekijÀn esipuhe.Gratulaatio: Jacob Flachsenius, Petrus Laurbecchius.Privilegio: Johan Winter.Errata.S. [369-404]: Index quaestionum. - S. [404-420]: Index rerum
Waste-to-energy in Kutai Kartanegara, Indonesia
The thesis outlined in this report is a pre-feasibility study of the potential to use waste-to-energy
technology in the region Kutai Kartanegara, Borneo, Indonesia. The project is collaboration between
the Kutai Kartanegara government, Uppsala University, the Swedish University of agricultural
sciences and technology consultancy Sweco.
The current waste management system in Kutai Kartanegara consists of landfills in the cities and
open burnings and dumping in the lesser developed sub-districts. This is a growing problem both
environmentally and logistically. The electrification in the sub-districts is sometimes as low as 17 %
and access to electricity is often limited to a couple of hours per day. The current electricity
production in the region is mainly from fossil fuels.
Data was collected during a two month long field study in Tenggarong, the capital of Kutai
Kartanegara. From the collected data, various waste-to-energy systems and collection areas were
simulated in Matlab. Results from the simulations show that a system using both a waste incineration
and biogas plant would be the best solution for the region.
The chosen system is designed to handle a total of 250,000 tons of waste annually, collected from
Tenggarong and neighboring districts. The system will provide between 155 and 200 GWh electricity
and between 207 and 314 GWh of excess heat energy annually. Some of this is used in a district
heating system with an absorption-cooling machine. The system investment cost is around 42.5
MUSD and it is expected to generate an annual profit of 16 MUSD. The recommended solution will
decrease the emissions of CO2-equivalents compared to the current waste system and fossil
electricity production with 50%. The results in the study clearly show that there are both economic
and environmental potential for waste-to-energy technologies in the region. But the waste
management and infrastructure has to be improved to be able to utilize these technologies.
By implementing waste-to-energy technologies, the supplied waste can be seen as a resource instead
of a problem. This would give incentives for further actions and investments regarding waste management
Om hunger och dyyr tijdh
Invokaatio: I.N.J.Nimiölehden kÀÀntöpuolella motto: 5. Mos. 8:2/3. Och tuskalt tĂ€nckia pĂ„ allan then wĂ€g/ genom hwilken Herren tin Gud tig leedt hafwer ...Dedikaatio: Ăhrade och elskelige medbröder/ i thetta lofliga Ă
bo stift.Sivuilla [171-175]: FöregĂ„ende predikningars innehĂ„ld. - Sivuilla [175-176]: TacksĂ€ijelse predikans.ViimeisellĂ€ sivulla errata: NĂ„gra smĂ„ fehl/ som Ă„ro inkomna/ warder g.l. silef rĂ€ttandes/ ibland hwilka/ deĂe anteknas.Arkit: 4 arkintunnuksetonta lehteĂ€, A-L8
- âŠ