History and National Identity Construction: The Great Famine in Irish and Ukrainian History Textbooks

This paper compares the narratives on the Famine in Irish and Ukrainian history textbooks and examines to what extent these narratives are coloured by a nationalist discourse. It argues that the story of the Famine in Irish history textbooks has changed from nationalist propaganda to a more balanced narrative, and that this change was brought about by the social transformations in the 1960s. The paper further observes that the current Ukrainian textbooks display quite a variation in the selection and interpretation of events relating to the Famine. Whereas some show a considerable nationalist bias, others present more moderate views. The trajectory of Irish narratives lends support to a theory that relates politicized historiography to the age of a state and to the consolidation of democracy. The diverse pattern of Ukrainian narratives, however, is difficult to reconcile with theories linking historiography to the wider social and political context. This pattern suggests that young states and/or states emerging from authoritarian rule need not automatically entertain uniformly nationalist or otherwise ideologically coloured discourses in the immediate post-independence period

Civic Culture in Western and Eastern Europe

This paper examines the nature of civic culture and the strength of civic attitudes in postcommunist and western countries. In particular, it seeks to explore the internal consistency and durability of civic culture using World Values Survey and European Values Study data. It discusses three perspectives on the strength and durability of civic attitudes in East and West, (the historical roots, the legacy of communism, and the postcommunist transition perspectives) and explores to what extent the pattern of civic attitudes in the two regions matches the predicted outcomes of these perspectives. The paper finds that the attitudes associated with civic culture do not form a coherent syndrome, neither at the individual nor at the societal level. It further finds only marginal support for the historical perspective, which accords a great degree of persistence to civic culture. It therefore concludes that civic culture is not the monolithic and durable phenomenon that some cultural theorists claim it is. © Archives Europénes de Sociology 2006

From Drivers to Athletes -- Modeling and Simulating Cross-Country Sking Marathons

Traffic flow of athletes in classic-style cross-country ski marathons, with the Swedish Vasaloppet as prominent example, represents a non-vehicular system of driven particles with many properties of vehicular traffic flow such as unidirectional movement, the existence of lanes, and, moreover, severe traffic jams. We propose a microscopic acceleration and track-changing model taking into account different fitness levels, gradients, and interactions between the athletes in all traffic situations. The model is calibrated on microscopic data of the $\textit{Vasaloppet 2012}$ Using the multi-model open-source simulator MovSim.org, we simulate all 15 000 participants of the Vasaloppet during the first ten kilometers.Comment: 8 pages, contribution to the conference Traffic and Granular Flow '13 in Juelich. Will be included in the Conference proceedings (Springer

Social cohesion: converging and diverging trends

Social theorists frequently argue that social cohesion is under threat in developed societies from the multiple pressures of globalisation. This article seeks to test this hypothesis through examining the trends across countries and regions in key indicators of social cohesion, including social and political trust, tolerance and perceptions of conflict. It finds ample evidence of long-term declines in cohesion in many countries, not least as exemplified by the erosion of social and political trust, which is particularly dramatic in the UK. The trends are not entirely convergent, since on most indicators Nordic countries have become more cohesive, yet each country faces challenges. In the final section the authors argue that different ‘regimes of social cohesion’ can be identified in specific clusters of countries which are based on different cultural and institutional foundations. In the ‘liberal model’, which applies in the UK and the US, the greatest threat to cohesion comes not from increasing cultural diversity, but from increasing barriers to mobility and the subsequent atrophy of faith in individual opportunity and meritocratic rewards — precisely those beliefs which have traditionally held liberal societies together.</jats:p

Determination of antibiotic residues and withdrawal time in milk from the town of Cartago, Valle del Cauca

P?ginas 25-31Recurso Electr?nicoEl control de residuos de antimicrobianos, en productos de origen animal, es de gran importancia, ya que estos pueden ocasionar problemas de salud al consumidor, as? como interferencias en los procesos tecnol?gicos y p?rdidas econ?micas significativas para la industria; por ello, resulta conveniente establecer sistemas adecuados de control de residuos de los antimicrobianos utilizados en el ganado vacuno lechero y as? entregar un producto de excelente calidad para el consumidor. En este estudio, se emplearon seis antimicrobianos (ceftiofur, espiramicina, tilosina, oxitetraciclina, amoxicilina, cloxacilina) que se administraron v?a intramuscular y una asociaci?n (cloxacilina-ampicilina) administrado v?a intramamaria en 115 vacas cruzadas (Holstein-ceb?). Se tomaron muestras de leche a 1, 3 y cada 12 horas postratamiento y se analizaron con la prueba microbiol?gica Delvotest SP-NT. Los resultados indicaron que el 89,3% de los animales no presentaron residuos de ceftiofur, mientras que el 65,2% tuvieron residuos de oxitetraciclina, en rangos de 72 y 156 horas. Residuos de tilosina se obtuvieron entre 108 y 168 horas, con un pico m?ximo a las 108 horas (58,8%), el cual coincide con la detecci?n de residuos de espiramicina (69,2%). Se detectaron residuos de amoxicilina a partir de las 48 y hasta las 84 horas, con una frecuencia del 65% a las 84 horas. Finalmente, los tratamientos intramamarios con la asociaci?n cloxacilina-ampicilina indicaron que la detecci?n de residuos disminuye despu?s de las 60 horas (42,9%).ABSTRACT. Control of antimicrobial residues in animal products is very important, since they may cause consumer?s health problems and interfere with technological processes causing significant economic losses to the food industry. Thus, it is necessary to establish suitable control systems for antimicrobials used in dairy cattle and in this way to deliver a high quality product to the consumers. In this study, we used 6 antimicrobials (ceftiofur, spiramycin, tylosin, oxytetracycline, amoxicillin and cloxacillin-ampicillin association) that were administered via intramuscular route and one antimicrobial (cloxacillin-ampicillin association) administered via intramammary in 115 crossbred cows (Holstein-Zebu), to evaluate antimicrobial residues in milk. Samples of milk were taken, at 1, 3, and every 12 hours post-treatment and analyzed by the microbiological test Delvotest SP-NT). The results indicated that 89,3% of the animals did not present residues of Ceftiofur, whereas 65,2% had residues of Oxytetracycline between 72 and 156 hours post-treatment. Residues of Tylosin were found between 108 to 168 hours, with a peak at 108 hours (58.8%), which coincides with the detection of residues of Spiramycin (69.2%). Residues of amoxicillin were detected at 48 hr and still remained at 84 hours, with a frequency of 65% by this time. Finally, intramammary treatment with Ampicillin- Cloxacillin indicated that the detection of residues decreased after 60 hours (42.9%)