Mechanisms of coordinated distribution of the effect from export/import transactions

© 2016, Econjournals. All rights reserved.Economic mathematical model for coordinating economic interests of the regions (companies) and state budgets within the system of export/import transactions is developed. Nash equilibrium mechanisms for hierarchical and nonhierarchical coordination of effect distribution and mechanism of comprehensive coordination of export/import indicators are presented. The author has developed a two-sector model of export/import transactions and the optimal mechanisms for it. There has been carried out a simulation of coordination mechanisms for crude oil (Russia) and oil extraction equipment (Germany)

НАГРІВ РОТОРА ТУРБОГЕНЕРАТОРА ЗА НАЯВНОСТІ ДЕФЕКТІВ ОБМОТКИ РОТОРА І ФОРСУВАННІ СТРУМУ ЗБУДЖЕННЯ

Purpose. Research of the TGV-200 turbogenerator rotor heating in case of rotor winding damages, which occur as a result of prolonged operation of the turbogenerator, namely - clogging of the ventilation channels of the rotor winding and the occurrence of short circuits of the rotor windings. Particular attention is paid to heating during short-term increasing of the excitation current, which is performed to keep the generator in synchronous mode of operation. Methods. Field mathematical models are used. Results. It is determined that the clogging of the rotor winding ducts has a greater effect on the rotor heating compared to the short circuits of the individual windings of the rotor winding. It was defined that increasing of the excitation current within the limits regulated by the current standards of the turbogenerators operation becomes impossible with clogging of a small number of ventilation channels of the rotor winding, which impairs the efficiency of the turbogenerator and requires its output to repair. Scientific novelty. A mathematical model of rotor heating is developed in case of typical damages of the rotor winding. Practical value. The areas in the rotor where the temperatures and temperature gradients reach the highest values was determined, which allows to recommend the locations of the optimal temperature sensors placements. Мета. Дослідження нагріву ротора турбогенератора типу ТГВ-200 за наявності ушкоджень обмотки ротора, які виникають внаслідок тривалої експлуатації турбогенератора, а саме – засмічення (закупорка) вентиляційних каналів обмотки ротора і виникнення коротких замикань витків обмотки ротора. Особлива увага приділяється нагріву при короткочасному форсуванні струму збудження, яке виконується для утримання генератора в синхронному режимі роботи. Методика. Використовуються польові математичні моделі. Результати. Визначено, що засмічення вентиляційних каналів обмотки ротора в більшій мірі впливає на нагрів ротора у порівнянні з коротким замиканням окремих витків обмотки ротора. Встановлено, що форсування струму збудження в межах, які регламентовані діючими стандартами експлуатації турбогенераторів, стає неможливим при засміченні невеликої кількості вентиляційних каналів обмотки ротора, що погіршує ефективність роботи турбогенератора і потребує його виводу в ремонт. Наукова новизна. Розроблено математичну модель нагріву ротора при наявності типових ушкоджень обмотки ротора. Практичне значення. Визначено ділянки в роторі, де температури і температурні градієнти досягають найбільших значень, що дозволяє рекомендувати місця оптимального розташування датчиків температури.

Mechanisms of Coordinated Distribution of the Effect from Export/Import Transactions

Economic mathematical model for coordinating economic interests of the regions (companies) and state budgets within the system of export/import transactions is developed. Nash equilibrium mechanisms for hierarchical and nonhierarchical coordination of effect distribution and mechanism of comprehensive coordination of export/import indicators are presented. The author has developed a two-sector model of export/import transactions and the optimal mechanisms for it. There has been carried out a simulation of coordination mechanisms for crude oil (Russia) and oil extraction equipment (Germany). Keywords: export, import, coordination model, effect distribution mechanism, hierarchical system, nonhierarchical system, Nash equilibrium. JEL Classifications: O150; E660; R13

Laser Therapy in Correction of Optimization of Surgical Endointoxication

The problem of endointoxication remains one of the most urgent in modern surgery. The severity of the intoxication syndrome is determined not only by the intensity of the entry of toxic substances into the bloodstream from the lesion focus, but also by the adequacy of the functioning of the main mechanisms of detoxification - elimination of toxins. Clinical and laboratory studies of 62 patients with acute peritonitis were performed. To this end, daily sessions of laser therapy with “Matrix” were conducted for 5 days after the operation, using a head of KLO3 (radiation with a wavelength of 635 nm, 2 mW). Laser irradiation of blood through the skin in the projection of the ulnar vein was performed for 30 minutes. Using laser therapy for patients with acute peritonitis led to the reduction of the endogenous intoxication severity. The level of medium-mass molecules (λ = 280 nm) decreased by 13.3-26.2% compared to the control, the level of average-weight molecules (λ = 254 nm) decreased by 15.5-32.6% (p <0.05) against the background of laser therapy. Thus, the use of laser therapy in patients with acute peritonitis has led to a decrease in the severity of endogenous intoxication. One of the significant components of this treatment is its ability to improve microcirculation and, as a result, to correct lipid peroxidation and hypoxia, which reduces catabolic phenomena (one of the sources of endogenous intoxication). Clinical and laboratory studies have established that the effectiveness of such treatment decreases with severe forms of peritonitis

Assessment of the possibility for large-scale 238Pu production in a VVER-1000 power reactor

The paper presents the estimates for the possibility for large-scale production of 238Pu in the core of a VVER-1000 power reactor. The Np-fraction of minor actinides extracted from transuranic radioactive waste is proposed to be used as the starting material. The irradiation device with NpO2 fuel elements is installed at the reactor core center. The NpO2 fuel lattice pitch is varied and the irradiation device is surrounded by a heavy moderator layer to create the best possible spectral conditions for large-scale production (~ 3 kg/year) of conditioned plutonium with the required isotopic composition (not less than 85% of 238Pu and not more than 2 ppm of 236Pu). Plutonium with such isotopic composition can be used as the thermal source in thermoelectric radioisotope generators and in cardiac pacemakers. It has been demonstrated that the estimated scale of the 238Pu production in a VVER-type power reactor exceeds considerably the existing scale of its production in research reactors

Некоторые аспекты управления репродукционной функцией у самок осетровых рыб

Two series of experiments on the effect of E-selenium on the reproductive function of sturgeons were conducted with different ways of introducing the drug into the body: through feed and injection. The effectiveness of the action of E-selenium was shown in two experiments. First, its ability to accelerate the process of maturation of oocytes was revealed due to the stimulation of generative metabolism and bringing it into line with the stages of the sexual cycle based on the biochemical parameters of the blood. An increase in the concentration in the blood by 1.4 times by the end of the 50-day experiment of total protein and beta-lipoproteins, which include ovovitelin (vitellogenin) during the period of vitellogenesis, as well as a moderate increase in haemoglobin concentration, indicates an increase in generative metabolism. It was noted that the metabolism of control fish was directed to somatic growth to a greater extent than that of experimental fish, as a result of which the average weight of females in control was 1.5 times higher than in the first series of experiments and weight of experimental fish was the same and increased by 6% in power in the second series. The role of the drug as a stabilizer of the physiological state of females, due to its high antioxidant properties, has been noted. When used, the existing signs of a stress state disappear, in contrast to the control fish in which they are detected: an increased cholesterol level, an erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and a decrease in haemoglobin concentration. The most significant effect from the use of the drug was obtained when the feed was irrigated with E-selenium, in which the number of mature fish after 50 days of the experiment was 2.7 times greater than in control, with a simultaneous halving of immature fish. In the case of the injection of females with this preparation, the number of fish at the IV stage of gonadal maturity in the experimental group after 50 days increased by 1.7 times. In the control group, on the contrary, it decreased by 1.2 times, with a constant proportion of females by the III stage of gonadal maturity.Проведены две серии экспериментов по влиянию препарата Е-селен на репродуктивную функцию осетровых рыб с разными способами внедрения препарата в организм: через корм и инъецированием. Показана эффективность действия Е-селена в двух сериях экспериментов. Выявлена его способность ускорять процесс созревания ооцитов вследствие стимуляции генеративного обмена и приведения его в соответствие с этапами полового цикла исходя из биохимических показателей крови. На усиление генеративного обмена указывает повышение концентрации в крови в 1,4 раза к концу 50-суточного эксперимента общего белка и бета-липопротеидов, в состав которых в период вителлогенеза входит ововителин (вителлогенин), а также умеренное увеличение концентрации гемоглобина. Отмечено, что обмен веществ у контрольных рыб в большей мере, чем у экспериментальных, направлен на соматический рост, вследствие чего средняя масса самок в контроле была выше, чем опыте, в первой серии экспериментов в 1,5 раза при неизменной массе опытных рыб и увеличении на 6% у контрольных во второй серии. Отмечена роль препарата как стабилизатора физиологического состояние самок из-за его высоких антиоксидантных свойств. При его применении исчезают имеющиеся признаки стрессового состояния, в отличие от контрольных рыб, у которых они выявляются: повышенный уровень холестерина, скорость оседания эритроцитов (СОЭ), снижение концентрации гемоглобина. Наибольший эффект от применения препарата получен при орошении Е-селеном корма, при этом количество созревших рыб после 50 суток эксперимента было в 2,7 раза больше, чем в контроле, с одновременным снижением в 2 раза числа незрелых рыб. В случае инъецирования самок этим препаратом количество рыб, находящихся на IV стадии зрелости гонад, у экспериментальной группы по истечении 50 суток увеличилось в 1,7 раза, у контрольных, наоборот, снизилось в 1,2 раза при неизменной доле самок на III стадии зрелости гонад