Detection of genotypes with multiple disease resistance in argentinean maize germplasm

Maize (Zea mays L.) is usually affected by multiple co-occurring pathogens. Therefore, selection of multiple disease resistance (MDR) is becoming a necessary area of research. In this study, we aimed to reveal genotypes with MDR in the Argentine public inbred maize collection and to determine the best selection strategy for their identification. We evaluated 87 Argentinean inbred lines for their response to four foliar diseases: common rust (CR), northern corn leaf blight (NCLB), southern corn leaf blight (SCLB) and bacterial leaf streak (BLS) in up to five environments of Argentina. All diseases were evaluated using a 1-5 scale, where 1=highly resistant and 5=highly susceptible. Phenotypic data was analyzed using mixed models to obtain the BLUP (best linear unbiased predictors) of genotypes. We assayed four strategies for multi-trait selection: MDR variable, Elston index, principal component analysis (PCA), and Factor analysis and ideotype-design. Then, we compared them based on their efficiency and genetic gain. Our results showed that the panel of genotypes was plenty of genotypes resistant to CR and BLS, while resistant genotypes to NCLB and SCLB were scarce. We obtained significant genotypic variation and high heritability (H2>0.82) for all disease resistances, indicating that selection can be performed with a high efficiency for all of them. We found twelve genotypes resistant to all diseases in the panel of genotypes. The PCA showed the highest efficiency for selecting those genotypes (92%) and presented an average genetic gain of 19%. Our findings will benefit breeders for strengthening broad-spectrum resistance in temperate breeding programs, as well for the study of MDR.Fil: Kistner, María Belén. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Norte. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino; ArgentinaFil: Nazar, L.. Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Bioinvestigaciones (Sede Pergamino); ArgentinaFil: Montenegro, L.. Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Bioinvestigaciones (Sede Pergamino); ArgentinaFil: Cervigni, Gerardo Domingo Lucio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos; ArgentinaFil: Galdeano, Ernestina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; ArgentinaFil: Iglesias, J.. Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Bioinvestigaciones (Sede Pergamino); Argentina5to Congreso Argentino de Fitopatología; 59th Meeting of the APS Caribbean DivisionCorrientesArgentinaAsociación Argentina de FitopatólogosAmerican Phytopathological Societ

QTL mapping of soybean cyst nematode race 9: a generalized linear modeling approach

The Female Index (FI) is a relative measure of host suitability of a soybean line for a particular nematode population and often shows a non-normal distribution. Moreover, most quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping methods assume that the phenotype follows a normal distribution such as composite interval mapping (CIM). Therefore, a generalized linear modeling (GLM) approach was employed to map QTL for resistance to race 9 of the soybean cyst nematode (SCN) using a total of 83 simple sequence repeat markers (SSR). Two GLM models were tested: model 1, where the FI was treated as a continuous variable, assuming a Gamma distribution with a logarithmic link function; and model 2, where the FI was treated as a categorical trait in a five-item hierarchy, assuming a multinomial distribution with a cumulative logit link function. The FI data of 108 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) confirmed the non-normal distribution for race 9 of the SCN (Shapiro-Wilk?s w=0.86, P<0.0001, skewness=1.52 and kurtosis=2.93). Eight RIL were confirmed to be resistant (FI≤10), and 23 to be highly susceptible (FI≥100). Both GLM models identified one QTL for SCN on the molecular linkage group G, between the markers Satt275 and Satt038 at 48.4 centiMorgans (P=0.017 and 0.033, for models 1 and 2, respectively). Additionally, these results were also compared with the CIM and Bayesian interval mapping (BIM) methods, assuming experimental data with a non-normal response, to determine the robustness and statistical power of these two methods for mapping QTLs. The results make clear that generalized linear modeling approach can be used as an efficient method to map QTLs in a continuous trait with a non-Gaussian distribution. CIM and BIM were robust enough for a reliable mapping of QTLs underlying nonnormally distributed data.Fil: Arriagada, Osvin. Universidad de Talca; ChileFil: Ferreira, Marcia F. S.. Universidade Federal Do Espirito Santo; BrasilFil: Cervigni, Gerardo Domingo Lucio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Rosario. Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (i); ArgentinaFil: Schuster, Ivan. Central Cooperative for Agricultural Research; BrasilFil: Scapim, Carlos A.. Universidade Estadual de Maringá; BrasilFil: Mora, Freddy. Universidad de Talca; Chil

Saturation of a durum wheat genetic map and detection of QTL associated to lipoxygenase activity

Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron la saturación de un mapa genético de trigo candeal y el posterior mapeo de QTL, a fin de identificar regiones genómicas relacionadas con la actividad de lipoxigenasas. También se estimó la utilidad de los marcadores ligados a estas regiones como herramientas de selección de genotipos para mejorar el color de la pasta. Para tal fin se utilizó una población de mapeo obtenida por el método de descendencia de una sola semilla constituida por 83 líneas recombinantes endocriadas (RILs) derivadas del cru­zamiento entre los trigos candeales Kofa y UC1113 (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum). Se mapearon 44 AFLPs, 9 RAPDs, 2 isoenzimas y 1 proteína de reserva sobre un mapa base de 269 marcadores. La longitud total del mapa resultante fue de 1847,4 cM, con una distancia promedio entre pares de marcadores de 5,68 cM. El mapeo por el método de intervalos compuestos (CIM) indicó la presencia de un QTL mayor, en el cromosoma 4B, que explica un 58% de la variación fenotípica de la actividad de lipoxigenasas. La posición más probable del QTL (LOD=19,00) fue obtenida entre los marcadores "ksm62" y "wmc617b". Estos resultados fueron consistentes en dos años y a dos pH diferentes.The aims of this work were (1) the saturation of a linkage map of durum wheat using AFPLs and RAPDs, (2) mapping of QTL related to lipoxygenase activity and (3) estimation of its usefulness in marker-assisted selection to increase pasta colour. A mapping population of 83 recombinant lines (RILs) derived from the cross between durum wheat Kofa and UC1113 (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) was evaluated for lipoxygenase activity during two growing seasons. It was used to generate a genetic map. Forty four AFLPs, 9 RAPDs, 2 isoenzymes and 1 storage protein were mapped onto a previous genetic map consisting on 269 markers. The total length of the map obtained was 1847.4 cM, with an average genetic distance between pairs of markers of 5.68 cM. The com-posite interval mapping (CIM) showed the presence of a major QTL explaining 58% of phenotypic variation in lipoxygenase activity on chromosome 4B. The highest LOD value (LOD=19,00) was obtained between the "ksm62" and "wmc617b" markers. These results were consistent in the two sampling years and at the two pH in which lipoxygenase activity was analyzed.Fil: Picca, Aurora Maria Teresita. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiarida. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiarida; ArgentinaFil: Roncallo, Pablo Federico. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiarida. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiarida; ArgentinaFil: Carrera, A.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiarida. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiarida; ArgentinaFil: Cervigni, Gerardo Domingo Lucio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiarida. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiarida; ArgentinaFil: Miranda, R.. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Agronomía; ArgentinaFil: Echenique, Carmen Viviana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiarida. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiarida; Argentin

QTL analysis of main and epistatic effects for flour color traits in durum wheat

The aim of this work was to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with flour yellow color (Fb*) and yellow pigment content (YPC) in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum). Additionally, QTLs affecting flour redness (Fa*) and brightness (FL*) color parameters were investigated. A population of 93 RILs (UC1113 × Kofa) was evaluated in three locations of Argentina over 2 years. High heritability values (>94%) were obtained for Fb* and YPC, whereas FL* and Fa* showed intermediate to high values. The main QTLs affecting Fb* and YPC overlapped on chromosome arms 4AL (4AL.2), 6AL (6AL.2), 7AS, 7AL, 7BS (7BS.2) and 7BL (7BL.2). The 7BL.1 QTL included the Psy-B1 locus, but one additional linked QTL was detected. A novel minor QTL located on 7AS affected Fb*, with an epistatic effect on YPC. An epistatic interaction occurred between the 7AL and 7BL.2 QTLs. The 4AL.2 QTL showed a strong effect on Fb* and was involved in two digenic epistatic interactions. The 6AL.2 QTL explained most of the variation for Fb* and YPC. The main QTLs affecting FL* and Fa* were located on 2BS and 7BL, respectively. These results confirm the complex inheritance of flour color traits and open the possibility of developing perfect markers to improve pasta quality in Argentinean breeding programsFil: Roncallo, Pablo F. CERZOS-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas/UNS. CCT. Laboratorio de Biotecnología Vegetal; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Agronomía; ArgentinaFil: Cervigni, Gerardo. CEFOBI-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Jensen, Carlos Alberto. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Barrow; ArgentinaFil: Miranda, Rubén. Asociación de Cooperativas Argentinas; ArgentinaFil: Carrera, Alicia Delia. CERZOS-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas/UNS. CCT. Laboratorio de Biotecnología Vegetal; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Agronomía; ArgentinaFil: Helguera, Marcelo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Marcos Juárez; ArgentinaFil: Echenique, Carmen Viviana. CERZOS-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas/UNS. CCT. Laboratorio de Biotecnología Vegetal; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Agronomía; Argentin

Inheritance pattern and selection criteria for resistance to soybean cyst nematode races 3 and 9

O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a herança da resistência da soja às raças 3 e 9 de Heterodera glycines Ichinhoe (nematóide-de-cisto-da-soja – NCS), e avaliar a eficiência da seleção direta e indireta em uma população de 112 linhagens recombiantes endogâmicas (RIL) derivadas da cultivar resistente Hartwig. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em Londrina, PR, Brasil. A herdabilidade em sentido restrito para resistência às raças 3 e 9 foi de 80,67 e 77,97%. O coeficiente de correlação genética (rg = 0,17; p < 0,01) demonstrou que alguns componentes genéticos para resistência às duas raças são herdados conjuntamente. O maior ganho pela seleção indireta foi obtido na raça 9, selecionando-se para a raça 3, devido à herança mais simples na raça 9, e não pelo compartilhamento de genes comuns para resistência às duas raças. A resistência da cultivar Hartwig nas raças 3 e 9 é determinada por 4 e 2 genes, respectivamente. Um desses genes confere resistência a ambas as raças, o que explica parte da correlação genética entre a resistência a estas raças de NCS. O padrão de herança descrito indica que a seleção para resistência ao NCS deve ser realizada em cada raça individualmente.The objective of this work was to determine soybean resistance inheritance to Heterodera glycines Ichinohe (soybean cyst nematode – SCN) races 3 and 9, as well as to evaluate the efficiency of direct and indirect selection in a soybean population of 112 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) derived from the resistant cultivar Hartwig. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, in Londrina, PR, Brazil. The estimated narrow-sense heritabilities for resistance to races 3 and 9 were 80.67 and 77.97%. The genetic correlation coefficient (rg = 0.17; p < 0.01) shows that some genetic components of resistance to these two races are inherited together. The greatest genetic gain by indirect selection was obtained to race 9, selecting to race 3 due to simpler inheritance of resistance to race 9 and not because these two races share common resistance genes. The resistance of cultivar Hartwig to races 3 and 9 is determined by 4 and 2 genes, respectively. One of these genes confers resistance to both races, explaining a fraction of the significant genetic correlation found between resistance to these SCN races. The inheritance pattern described indicates that selection for resistance to SCN must be performed for each race individually

QTLs for resistance to soybean cyst nematode, races 3, 9, and 14 in cultivar Hartwig

O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar locos associados a características quantitativas (QTL) de efeito maior e menor para a resistência às raças 3, 9 e 14 do nematoide do cisto da soja (NCS) na cultivar Hartwig, mapear novos QTLs de resistência para estas raças e verificar a existência de interações epistáticas entre QTLs. A cultivar Hartwig é uma importante fonte de resistência ao NCS. Linhagens endogâmicas recombinantes (LER) obtidas do cruzamento entre 'Hartwig' (resistente) e Y23 (suscetível) foram avaliadas quanto à resistência às três raças. Novas regiões genômicas de resistência ao NCS foram identificadas por microssatélites. Quatro QTLs, que explicaram entre 12 e 34% da variância fenotípica, foram detectados para a resistência à raça 3 nos grupos de ligação (GL) A2, G, J e M. O QTL no GL G também é importante para a resistência à raça 9. Interações epistáticas foram detectadas entre loci, o que indica resistência às raças 9 e 14. Há QTLs de maior e menor efeito para a resistência ao NCS.The objective of this work was to identify major and minor-effect quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to races 3, 9, and 14 of soybean cyst nematode (SCN) in Hartwig cultivar; to map new resistance QTLs for these races; and to check for the existence of epistatic interactions between QTLs. Cultivar Hartwig is an important resistance source to SCN. Recombinant inbred lines (RIL) obtained from a cross between 'Hartwig' (resistant) and Y23 (susceptible) were evaluated regarding resistance to the three races. New genomic regions for resistance to SCN were identified by microsatellites. Four QTLs, which explained between 12 and 34% of phenotypic variance, were detected for resistance to race 3 in linkage groups (LG) A2, G, J, and M. The QTL in LG G is also important for resistance to race 9. Epistatic interactions were detected between loci, which indicate resistance to races 9 and 14. There are high and low-effect resistance QTLs to SCN

Main and epistatic QTL analyses for Sclerotinia Head Rot resistance in sunflower

Sclerotinia Head Rot (SHR), a disease caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is one of the most limiting factors in sunflower production. In this study, we identified genomic loci associated with resistance to SHR to support the development of assisted breeding strategies. We genotyped 114 Recombinant Inbred Lines (RILs) along with their parental lines (PAC2 –partially resistant–and RHA266 –susceptible–) by using a 384 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) Illumina Oligo Pool Assay to saturate a sunflower genetic map. Subsequently, we tested these lines for SHR resistance using assisted inoculations with S. sclerotiorum ascospores. We also conducted a randomized complete-block assays with three replicates to visually score disease incidence (DI), disease severity (DS), disease intensity (DInt) and incubation period (IP) through four field trials (2010–2014). We finally assessed main effect quantitative trait loci (M-QTLs) and epistatic QTLs (E-QTLs) by composite interval mapping (CIM) and mixed-model-based composite interval mapping (MCIM), respectively. As a result of this study, the improved map incorporates 61 new SNPs over candidate genes. We detected a broad range of narrow sense heritability (h2) values (1.86–59.9%) as well as 36 M-QTLs and 13 E-QTLs along 14 linkage groups (LGs). On LG1, LG10, and LG15, we repeatedly detected QTLs across field trials; which emphasizes their putative effectiveness against SHR. In all selected variables, most of the identified QTLs showed high determination coefficients, associated with moderate to high heritability values. Using markers shared with previous Sclerotinia resistance studies, we compared the QTL locations in LG1, LG2, LG8, LG10, LG11, LG15 and LG16. This study constitutes the largest report of QTLs for SHR resistance in sunflower. Further studies focusing on the regions in LG1, LG10, and LG15 harboring the detected QTLs are necessary to identify causal alleles and contribute to unraveling the complex genetic basis governing the resistance.Instituto de BiotecnologíaFil: Zubrzycki, Jeremias Enrique. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Biotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Maringolo, Carla Andrea. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Laboratorio de Patología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Filippi, Carla Valeria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Biotecnología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Quiroz, Facundo Jose. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Laboratorio de Patología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Nishinakamasu, Veronica. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Biotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Puebla, Andrea Fabiana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Biotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Di Rienzo, Julio Alejandro. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias. Cátedra de Estadística y Biometría; ArgentinaFil: Escande, Alberto. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Laboratorio de Patología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Lia, Veronica Viviana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Biotecnología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Heinz, Ruth Amelia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Biotecnología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Hopp, Horacio Esteban. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Biotecnología; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Cervigni, Gerardo Domingo Lucio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos; ArgentinaFil: Paniego, Norma Beatriz. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Biotecnología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Genomic analysis of resistance to races 3 and 9 of Heterodera glycines and assessment of genetic variavility for agronomic characters in soybean

Neste trabalho foram realizados os experimentos: (1) estimativa da herdabilidade da resistência às raças 3 e 9 do nematóide de cisto da soja (NCS), (2) mapeamento de locos de resistência ao NCS e (3) avaliação da variabilidade genética de caracteres agronômicos em soja. Nos três experimentos foi utilizada uma população de linhagens endogâmicas recombinantes derivada do cultivar norte- americano Hartwig (genitor resistente ao NCS) e a linhagens brasileira Y23 (genitor suscetível ao NCS). A herdabilidade no sentido amplo para raça 3 foi estimada em 80,97%, e para raça 9 em 80,39%. Com a finalidade de identificar e mapear QTLs associados à resistência para as raças 3 e 9, a genotipagem da população acima mencionada foi realizada com 40 marcadores microssatélites. A análise de regressão linear simples identificou 6 e 2 marcadores associados à resistência para as raças 3 e 9, respectivamente. Porém, na regressão linear múltipla, apenas o marcador Satt038 foi significativo para as duas raças, explicando 25,38% (P>F=0,0001) da variação fenotípica da raça 3 e 12,60% (P>F=0,0001) da raça 9 do NCS. O QTL ligado ao marcador Satt038 foi identificado como correspondendo ao gene rhg1, mapeado na extremidade do grupo de ligação G. Para o terceiro experimento foram avaliados treze caracteres agronômicos. A identificação de QTLs realizou-se através do contraste de médias e pela regressão linear simples. Foram identificados QTLs para doze dos treze caracteres considerados. Os QTLs identificados foram localizados nos grupos de ligação B2, O, G, E e H. A variabilidade genética detectada na população foi significativa para as treze características, sugerindo que a população é útil para realizar estudos genéticos e de mapeamento de QTLs.In this works were accomplished the experiments: (1) estimating of resistance to race 3 and 9 of the sobean cyst nematode (SCN), (2) mapping loci for resistance to SCN and (3) assesment of genetic variability for agronomic characters in soybean. In the three experiments were carried out to using a population of recombianant inbred lines derived from Hartwig (resistant parent) and Y23 (susceptible parent). Broad sense heritability estimates for race 3 was 80,97% and 80,39% for race 9. To mapping quantitative tratis loci (QTLs) for resistance to SCN and each agronomic characters, forty SSRs markers were amplified in the population. Single linear regression identified 6 and 2 SSRs associates to resistance for races 3 and 9, respectively. However, evaluation through multiple regression, showed that only Satt038 was significant for both races. This marker explained 25.38% (P>F=00001) of the phenotypic variation of race 3, and 12.60% (P>F=0.0001) of race 9 of NCS. QTL linked to Satt038 was identified as rhg1 gene, and mapped at the extreme of the linkage group G. In the third experiment thirteen characters were mensured. QTLs identification were accomplished comparing the mean for each allelic form. The proportion of the phenotypic variance explained by markers linked to a QTL was investigated by simple linear regression analysis. QTLs for all characters were identified and positioned in the linkage groups B2, O, G, E and H. The genetic variability detected in the RIL population was significant for the thirteen traits. It is suggested that the population will be useful to accomplish further genetic studies and QTLs mapping.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorTese importada do Alexandri

QTL mapping and analysis of epistatic interactions for grain yield and yield-related traits in Triticum turgidum L. var. durum

A quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis of grain yield and yield-related traits was conducted on 93 durum wheat Recombinant Inbred Lines (RIL) derived from the cross UC1113 × Kofa. The mapping population and the parental lines were evaluated in environments of Argentina for 19 traits, including grain yield (Yld), heading date (Hd), flowering time (Flt), plant height (Ph), biomass per plant (Bpp), and spikelet number per ear (Sne). A total of 223 QTLs with LOD ≥ 3 and 47 additional QTLs with LOD > 2.0 were detected. These QTLs were clustered in 36 regions with pleiotropic QTLs and 12 genomic regions each associated with only one phenotypic trait. The regions with highest number of pleiotropic and stable QTLs were 3BS.1, 3BS.2,2BS.1, 1BL.1, 3AL.1, 1AS and 4AL.3. In addition, effects of epistatic QTLs and QTL x environment interactions were detected.Fil: Roncallo, Pablo Federico. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Agronomía; ArgentinaFil: Akkiraju, Pavan C.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Agronomía; ArgentinaFil: Cervigni, Gerardo Domingo Lucio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Centro de Estudios Fotosinteticos y Bioquimicos. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Cs.bioquímicas y Farmaceuticas. Centro de Estudios Fotosinteticos y Bioquimicos; ArgentinaFil: Echenique, Carmen Viviana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Agronomía; Argentin