At-vessel fishing mortality for six species of sharks caught in the northwest Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico

From 1994-2005 the Commercial Shark Fishery Observer Program (CSFOP) placed fishery observers aboard US bottom longline vessels engaged in directed fishing for sharks in the region from New Jersey to Louisiana, USA. Observers routinely recorded species specific at-vessel mortality as related to enduring the stress oflongline capture. Data for 5 species of sharks (sandbar Carcharhinus plumbeus, blacktip Carcharhinus limbatus, dusky Carcharhinus obscurus, tiger Galeocerdo cuvier, scalloped hammerhead Sphyrna lewini, and great hammerhead Sphyrna mokilrran) were analyzed in this study. Multiple stepwise linear regressions indicate that age group, soak time and bottom water temperature can be used as predictors of at-vessel mortality and that size restrictions, size selective gear, restricting the soak time and time/area closures may be beneficial to fisheries targeting large coastal sharks

Aboriginal migration to Sydney since World War II

This article considers the experiences of Aboriginal people who moved to Sydney over the second half of the twentieth century, particularly those who moved into public housing in Western Sydney, and their strategies for maintaining communal bonds and cultural identities in response to pressures to assimilate. Urban relocation had gendered effects on Aboriginal families too. The design of urban spaces and residential architecture together with the moral regulation that many experienced, especially those who were suburban tenants of the New South Wales Housing Commission, worked against the fulfilment of obligations to country and family