A importância das políticas públicas de educação (Pibid) para a formação de alunos de licenciatura em ciências socias: relato de experiencia interdiciplinar

Anais do II Seminário Seminário Estadual PIBID do Paraná: tecendo saberes / organizado por Dulcyene Maria Ribeiro e Catarina Costa Fernandes — Foz do Iguaçu: Unioeste; Unila, 2014Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a importância de politicas publica de educação como o Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência Interdisciplinar (Pibid) para a formação de alunos de licenciatura em ciências sociais. Para a realização desta pesquisa a metodologia utilizada foi à observação participante, realizada no Colégio Estadual Lamenha Lins, que fica localizado no município de Curitiba- Paraná. Com esta pesquisa buscamos, por meio de relatos realizados pelos bolsistas e coordenadores do Pibid interdisciplinar da escola e do curso de ciências sociais demonstrarem a importância dessa experiência para a formação dos acadêmicos de licenciatur

Comparison of upper body strength gains between men and women after 10 weeks of resistance training

Resistance training (RT) offers benefits to both men and women. However, the studies about the differences between men and women in response to an RT program are not conclusive and few data are available about upper body strength response. The aim of this study was to compare elbow flexor strength gains in men and women after 10 weeks of RT. Forty-four college-aged men (22.63 +/- 2.34 years) and forty-seven college-aged women (21.62 +/- 2.96 years) participated in the study. The RT program was performed two days a week for 10 weeks. Before and after the training period, peak torque (PT) of the elbow flexors was measured with an isokinetic dynamometer. PT values were higher in men in comparison to women in pre-and post-tests (p 0.05). Effect sizes were 0.57 and 0.56 for men and women, respectively. In conclusion, the present study suggests that men and women have a similar upper body strength response to RT

Ability to predict repetitions to momentary failure is not perfectly accurate, though improves with resistance training experience

‘Repetitions in Reserve’ (RIR) scales in resistance training (RT) are used to control effort but assume people accurately predict performance a priori (i.e. the number of possible repetitions to momentary failure (MF)). This study examined the ability of trainees with different experience levels to predict number of repetitions to MF. One hundred and forty-one participants underwent a full body RT session involving single sets to MF and were asked to predict the number of repetitions they could complete before reaching MF on each exercise. Participants underpredicted the number of repetitions they could perform to MF (Standard error of measurements [95% confidence intervals] for combined sample ranged between 2.64 [2.36–2.99] and 3.38 [3.02–3.83]). There was a tendency towards improved accuracy with greater experience. Ability to predict repetitions to MF is not perfectly accurate among most trainees though may improve with experience. Thus, RIR should be used cautiously in prescription of RT. Trainers and trainees should be aware of this as it may have implications for the attainment of training goals, particularly muscular hypertrophy

The effects of resistance training intervention in the rehabilitation of patients with spinal cord injury: a literature review

Objective: To review the evidence in literature on the effects of resistan-ce training intervention in the rehabilitation of patients with spinal cord injury over time. Method: Data source: a systematic literature search of five databases (MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO, IBECS and Cochrane Library) was performed until August 2010. Results: Sixteen articles met the inclusion criteria. None reported any damage or injury for this population. Eight studies measured VO2 and found significant improvements of 10% to 30%. Strength and po-wer were analyzed in ten studies, but the magnitude varied in different ways (8% to 34% and 6% to 81%, respectively). The analysis of favora-ble resistance training response relating to functional scales (FIM, WISCI, WUSPI and Berg) or gait speed occurred in three studies. Conclusion: In all articles analyzed, responses to intervention were positive and favora-ble regarding physical improvement and increased functional capacity and, consequently, independence in daily activities. Authors suggest the inclusion of systematic resistance training in rehabilitation, according to the individual’s daily need, in favor of functional improvement, injury prevention, improved health and quality of life.Objetivo: Analisar os indícios na literatura sobre os efeitos do treinamento resistido como forma de intervenção na reabilitação de pacientes com lesão medular traumática ao longo do tempo. Método: Fontes das informações: uma busca sistematizada da literatura em cinco bancos de dados (MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO, IBECS e Biblioteca Cochrane) foi realizada até agosto de 2010. Resultados: Foram encontrados 16 artigos que preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Nenhum encontrou qualquer tipo de prejuízo ou lesão para essa população. Oito estudos avaliaram o VO2 e detectaram melhoras significativas entre 10% e 30%. Força e potência foram verificadas em dez estudos, mas a magnitude variou de forma distinta (8% a 34% e 6% a 81%, respectivamente). A análise da resposta favorável do treinamento resistido relacionada com escalas funcionais (FIM, WISCI, WUSPI e Berg) ou com velocidade de marcha ocorreu em três investigações. Conclusões: Em todos os artigos analisados, as respostas decorrentes da intervenção foram positivas e favoráveis à melhora física e funcional aumentando, conseqüentemente, a independência nas atividades diárias. Os autores sugerem a inclusão do treinamento resistido sistematizado na reabilitação de acordo com a demanda diária do indivíduo em prol de um ganho funcional, prevenção de lesões, melhora da saúde e da qualidade de vida

The Effects of 6 Months of Progressive High Effort Resistance Training Methods upon Strength, Body Composition, Function, and Wellbeing of Elderly Adults

Purpose. The present study examined the progressive implementation of a high effort resistance training (RT) approach in older adults over 6 months and through a 6-month follow-up on strength, body composition, function, and wellbeing of older adults. Methods. Twenty-three older adults (aged 61 to 80 years) completed a 6-month supervised RT intervention applying progressive introduction of higher effort set end points. After completion of the intervention participants could choose to continue performing RT unsupervised until 6-month follow-up. Results. Strength, body composition, function, and wellbeing all significantly improved over the intervention. Over the follow-up, body composition changes reverted to baseline values, strength was reduced though it remained significantly higher than baseline, and wellbeing outcomes were mostly maintained. Comparisons over the follow-up between those who did and those who did not continue with RT revealed no significant differences for changes in any outcome measure. Conclusions. Supervised RT employing progressive application of high effort set end points is well tolerated and effective in improving strength, body composition, function, and wellbeing in older adults. However, whether participants continued, or did not, with RT unsupervised at follow-up had no effect on outcomes perhaps due to reduced effort employed during unsupervised RT

THE PRE-EXHAUSTION METHOD SEEMS INEFFECTIVE TO INCREASE ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC ACTIVITY

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the pre-exhaustion method on the electromyographic activity (temporal and spectral domain) at different intervals of a set of resistance training. Twenty adults with little or no experience in strength training performed two sets of the seated row exercise at 70%1RM until muscular failure, in a randomized order. Surface electrodes were placed over the latissimus dorsi, teres major, biceps brachii, and posterior deltoid muscles of the dominant side. Results showed that the pre-exhaustion did not increase EMG activity of all muscle analyzed at any intervals of a set. Furthermore, the EMG median frequency decreased in teres major and posterior deltoid muscles during initial and intermediate repetitions. Results suggest that the pre-exhaustion induces more fatigue when compared to traditional training

Avaliação e modificação do risco de queda em idosos com recurso à posturografia dinâmica computorizada

RESUMO: Os pontos de corte dos instrumentos de avaliação do equilíbrio são úteis na identificação de idosos ambulatórios na comunidade com elevado risco de queda ou de perda da mobilidade normal. O melhor ponto de corte da Escala CEEA para elevado risco de queda foi de 700 (pontuação total), com uma sensibilidade de 71,8% e uma especificidade de 73,7%. Para mulheres com idade entre 65 e 85 anos, o melhor ponto de corte da Escala CEEA para mobilidade normal foi de 800 (pontuação total), com uma sensibilidade de 70,1% e uma especificidade de 72,2%.--------------- ABSTRACT: Falls are one of the greatest health problems in the elderly, causing high mortality, morbidity, disability and premature institutionalization. The Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale evaluates balance in a broad set of activities. It was translated and adapted for several other languages and settings, including the Portugal-Portuguese “Escala CEEA”. This instrument lacks high risk of falling and normal mobility cut-off points

Isokinetic Dynamometry and 1RM Tests Produce Conflicting Results for Assessing Alterations in Muscle Strength

The purpose of this study was to compare strength gains in the lower limbs, assessed by one maximum repetition (1RM) and isokinetic peak torque (PT), in young men undergoing a resistance training (RT) program. Twenty-seven young men performed resistance training twice a week for 11 weeks. Training involved two exercises for the lower body, two for the upper body and one for the midsection performed with three sets of 8-12 repetitions to momentary muscle failure. Before and after the training period, participants performed the 1RM test in the 45° leg press and knee extension PT in isokinetic dynamometry. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to assess the relationship between the changes in 1RM and PT, and the Bland-Altman test was performed to check for agreement between the strength changes of both tests. There were significant changes in 1RM and PT of 23.98% and 15.96%, respectively (p \u3c 0.05). The changes in leg press 1RM were significantly higher than the ones in PT. The Bland-Altman analysis revealed that the tests were not equivalent. In conclusion, professionals and researchers involved in strength assessment should be aware that the results obtained by PT and 1RM are not equivalent when evaluating individual responsiveness and/or the efficacy of an intervention on muscle strength, as the results obtained show large variations and can be even conflicting