Characterization of the mitochondrial genome of Arge bella Wei & Du sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Argidae)

We describe Arge bella Wei & Du sp. nov., a large and beautiful species of Argidae from south China, and report its mitochondrial genome based on high-throughput sequencing data. We present the gene order, nucleotide composition of protein-coding genes (PCGs), and the secondary structures of RNA genes. The nearly complete mitochondrial genome of A. bella has a length of 15,576 bp and a typical set of 37 genes (22 tRNAs, 13 PCGs, and 2 rRNAs). Three tRNAs are rearranged in the A. bella mitochondrial genome as compared to the ancestral type in insects: trnM and trnQ are shuffled, while trnW is translocated from the trnW-trnC-trnY cluster to a location downstream of trnI. All PCGs are initiated by ATN codons, and terminated with TAA, TA or T as stop codons. All tRNAs have a typical cloverleaf secondary structure, except for trnS1. H821 of rrnS and H976 of rrnL are redundant. A phylogenetic analysis based on mitochondrial genome sequences of A. bella, 21 other symphytan species, two apocritan representatives, and four outgroup taxa supports the placement of Argidae as sister to the Pergidae within the symphytan superfamily Tenthredinoidea

Characterization of the mitochondrial genome of Analcellicampa xanthosoma gen. et sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)

A new genus with a new species of the tribe Hoplocampini of Hoplocampinae was described from China: Analcellicampa xanthosoma Wei & Niu, gen. et sp. nov. Hoplocampa danfengensis G. Xiao 1994 was designated as the type species of the new genus. The characters of Analcellicampa danfengensis (G. Xiao) comb. nov. were briefly discussed. A key to the tribes and known genera of Hoplocampinae was provided. The nearly complete mitochondrial genome of A. xanthosoma was characterized as having a length of 15,512 bp and containing 37 genes (22 tRNAs, 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), and 2 rRNAs). The gene order of this new specimen was the same as that in the inferred insect ancestral mitochondrial genome. All PCGs were initiated by ATN codons and ended with TAA or T stop codons. All tRNAs had a typical cloverleaf secondary structure, except for trnS1. Remarkably, the helices H991 of rrnS and H47 of rrnL were redundant, while helix H563 of rrnL was highly conserved. A phylogeny based on previously reported symphytan mitochondrial genomes showed that A. xanthosoma is a sister group to Monocellicampa pruni, with high support values. We suggest that A. xanthosoma and M. pruni belong to the tribe Hoplocampini of Hoplocampinae

The first sawfly from the Oligocene of Céreste (Southern France) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)

Luberotenthredo cerestensis gen. et sp. nov. is the first record of the sawfly family Tenthredinidae from the Oligocene of Céreste (Southern France). This taxon is described and illustrated based on a well-preserved specimen. This genus resembles the extant genus Perineura (subfamily Tenthredininae, tribe Perineurini) with which it shares forewing venation similarities and numerous morphological characters. This new taxon is the first fossil representative of the tribe Perineurini and can be used as a calibration point for future investigation of the diversification of the family Tenthredinidae

phylogeny-nt

nt-SCGO-12-matrix75nt-SCGO-50-matrix75nt-SCGO-51nt-SCGO-51-timetree</p

Phylogeny-mt-71

AA_3996AA_3996_mtart_0.2AA_3996_IQtreeAA_phylobayes-CAT_GTRcds12_phylobayescds123_phylobayes_1(3h)cds123_phylobayes_2(25h)cds+rrnaMeng_MCMCtree-mt-71-NNmt-71-timetree</p

Predicted potential distribution

Predicted potential distribution made by Maxent.</p

Siobla annulicornis Niu & Wei, 2010, sp. nov.

Siobla annulicornis sp. nov. (Plate. 3) Description. Holotype: Ψ. Body length 13 mm. Body black, 4 th to 7 th antennomeres, 2 nd and 3 rd abdominal tergites entirely, 4 th abdominal tergite except narrow posterior margin, 2 nd to 4 th abdominal sternites, cerci, yellow brown; apex of sheath brown. Legs pale yellowish brown, all coxae, fore and middle trochanters largely, apical 4 / 7 of hind femur black, central part of middle femur dorsally with faint black macula. Body hairs pale brown. Wings yellowish hyaline, weakly but distinctly infuscate at apex, stigma yellowish brown, most of vein C and other veins dark brown (Figs. 3 a, b). Clypeus evenly punctured, interspaces narrow, distinctly shiny; head above antennal sockets, posterior orbit densely and coarsely punctured, without shiny interspaces, matt, punctures small; malar space microsculptured; dorsum of pronotum, lateral sides and posterior corner of prescutum, inner margin of scutum, mesoscutellum entirely, elevated part of mesepisternum densely and coarsely punctured, without shiny interspaces, punctures small; anterior collar of pronotum sparsely punctured, shiny; middle of prescutum, most of scutum densely punctured, with linear shiny interspaces; appendage of mesoscutellum, anterior carina of metascutellum basin, anterior margin of mesepimeron, and most of metepimeron shiny, almost impunctate; metapostnotum microsculptured, anterior and ventral part of mesepisternum sparsely punctured, shiny; basal four abdominal tergites without punctures or microsculpture, other tergites with shallow and sparse punctures and fine microsculpture. Anterior margin of clypeus almost truncate, slightly incised at middle; malar space as long as radius of ocellus; inner margins of eyes distinctly convergent, shortest distance between eyes as long as eye height; middle fovea large and shallow, lateral fovea small and deep; supra-antennal tubercles low and obtuse, slightly elevated; frontal walls very low, indistinct; interocellar furrow distinct, bifurcate near middle ocellus, slightly deeper than postocellar furrow; postocellar area slightly elevated, wider than long as 15: 11, posterior part as high as top of ocelli, with fine middle longitudinal carina; lateral furrows curved, deep, strongly divergent posteriorly; head behind eyes shorter than eyes in dorsal view (23: 32), lateral sides curved, distinctly convergent posteriorly; occipital carina sharp, complete (Fig. 3 e). Antenna with pedicel longer than broad as 3: 2, relative length of third to fifth antennomeres as 26: 15: 13, fifth to eighth antennomeres slightly dilated, compressed, inner and outer sides with shallow middle furrows. Mesepisternum angularly elevated, with indistinct corner; mesoscutellum elevated roundly, as high as top of scutum, without carina (Fig. 3g); appendage flat, anterior margin distinctly elevated at middle. Inner tibial spur of hind leg slightly shorter than half length of metabasitarsomere. Hairs on temple and mesoscutellum as long as diameter of ocellus. Ovipositor 1.5 times as long as metabasitarsomere, sheath in lateral view distinctly longer than basal plate (10: 7), ventral margin straight, apex obliquely truncate, lower corner distinctly angulated (Fig. 3 h). Lancet distinctly broadened just before apex, with 14 serrulae, middle serrulae each with 1 inner and 7–8 outer subbasal teeth; middle scleroras each about 5 times as long as broad, dorsal margin of sclerora flat, almost straight (Figs. 3 i, j, k). PLATE 3. Siobla annulicornis sp. nov. (a). Female adult in dorsal view; (b). Female adult in lateral view; (c). Male adult in dorsal view; (d). Male adult in lateral view; (e). Head of female in dorsal view; (f). Head of male in dorsal view; (g). Mesonotum in lateral view; (h). Sheath in lateral view; (i). Lancet; (j). Middle serrulae; (k). Apical serrulae; (l). Harpe and parapenis; (m). Penis valve. Male: Body length 10.5 mm (Figs. 3 c, d). Colour similar to female except apex of 3 rd antennomere ventrally yellow brown, outer sides of fore and middle femora basally, apical ring of hind tibia black, lateral sides of 3 rd and 4 th abdominal tergites black, 5 th abdominal sternite yellow white; 3 rd to 10 th abdominal tergites with distinct, sparse punctures; malar space linear, shortest distance between eyes shorter than eye height as 4: 5, head behind eyes distinctly shorter than eyes in dorsal view as 5: 9 (Fig. 3 f); hairs on temple slightly longer than diameter of ocellus, apices curved; anterior margin of subgenital plate round; genitalia as in Figs. 1 l and 1m. Variability: No variability is found in the five type specimens. Etymology: The specific epithet refers to the yellow brown middle antennomeres. Specimen examined: Holotype: Ψ, Mt. Zhongnan, Shaanxi (33 ° 59.506´N, 108 ° 58.356´E), alt. 1555 m, 27 May, 2006, YANG Qin leg.; Paratypes: 4 ɗɗ, same data as for holotype. Distribution: China (Shaanxi). Remarks: See the above key for the differences between S. annulicornis and S. leucocincta.Published as part of Niu, Gengyun & Wei, Meicai, 2010, Revision of the Siobla annulicornis, acutiscutella and sheni groups (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), pp. 45-65 in Zootaxa 2643 on pages 51-53, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19864

Siobla sheni

sheni group Diagnosis: Body black, without metallic tinge, apical antennomeres and mesoscutellum pale yellow brown or white, abdomen and legs partly pale; apex of fore wing distinctly infuscate; head dorsally densely and coarsely punctured, temple with linear shiny interspaces; anterior slope of mesoscutellum evenly punctured, interspaces about 1 / 3 diameter of punctures, shiny; posterior slope coarsely punctured, matt; body hairs straight, shorter than diameter of lateral ocellus; ovipositor much longer than metabasitarsomere; sheath short and broad in lateral view, round at apex; lancet strongly sclerotized, subapical part not broadened, several apical annular sutures entire, serrulae low, slightly protruding. This is a small group including one known species only at present.Published as part of Niu, Gengyun & Wei, Meicai, 2010, Revision of the Siobla annulicornis, acutiscutella and sheni groups (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), pp. 45-65 in Zootaxa 2643 on page 61, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19864

Siobla acutiscutella Wei & Nie 1999

Siobla acutiscutella Wei & Nie, 1999 (Plate 5) Siobla acutiscutella Wei & Nie, 1999 b, 102–103. Variability: Body length varies from 11.5 to 12.5 mm. Specimens examined: Ψ, holotype, Baotianman, Neixiang, Henan, alt. 1600m, 15 July, 1998, WEI Mei- Cai leg.; 1 Ψ, paratype, Baotianman, Neixiang, Henan, alt. 1300–1700m, 22 July, 2004, LIU Wei-Xing leg. Distribution: China (Henan).Published as part of Niu, Gengyun & Wei, Meicai, 2010, Revision of the Siobla annulicornis, acutiscutella and sheni groups (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), pp. 45-65 in Zootaxa 2643 on page 55, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19864

Siobla weni Niu & Wei, 2010, sp. nov.

Siobla weni sp. nov. (Plate 7) Description. Holotype: Ψ. Body length 13 mm. Body yellow brown with following black: 3 rd and 4 th antennomeres ventrally, 5 apical antennomeres entirely, middle of 5 th abdominal tergite, 6 th to 10 th abdominal tergites entirely, a small round spot on posterior side of hind femur apically, apical 2 / 5 of hind tibia; middle of metabasitarsomere infuscate; clypeus, mouthparts, posterior part of mesoscutellum, appendage of mesoscutellum, each trochanter, basal 2 / 3 of hind tibia, and hind tarsomeres pale yellow. Body hairs yellow brown. Wings yellowish hyaline, apex of fore wing with a large smoky macula, inner margin of macula convex and reaching 1 r-m, vein C and stigma yellow brown, other veins blackish brown (Figs. 7 a, b). Clypeus with sparse punctures, other parts of head densely punctured, without shiny interspaces, matt; pronotum rugose, tegula, propleuron and metapleuron except a middle stripe strongly shiny, without distinct punctures and microsculpture; mesoscutum densely punctured, feebly shiny; mesoscutellum with large punctures, interspaces narrow, matt; posterior slope of mesoscutellum densely punctured not shiny; appendage of mesoscutellum microsculptured; metascutellum densely punctured; elevated part of mesepisternum densely and coarsely punctured, anterior and posterior part sparsely punctured, shiny; venter of mesepisternum with sparse and shallow punctures, shiny; first abdominal tergite without microsculpture, shiny, other tergites indistinctly microsculptured, apical 5 tergites with shallow and sparse punctures. Anterior margin of clypeus rounded, with small middle incision; malar space as long as diameter of ocellus; inner margin of eyes distinctly convergent downwards, shortest distance between eyes as long as eye height; middle fovea large and deep, merging with frontal basin; lateral fovea small; supra-antennal tubercles slightly elevated, narrow, connected to fine frontal ridge; interocellar furrow, postocellar furrow indistinct; lateral furrows deep, straight, parallel to each other posteriorly; postocellar area slightly elevated, slightly lower than top of ocelli, without middle carina, as long as broad; head behind eyes distinctly shorter than eye in dorsal view (14: 19), lateral sides curved, distinctly convergent posteriorly; occipital carina sharp, complete (Fig. 7 e). Antenna slightly longer than abdomen, relative length of third to fifth antennomeres as 42: 24: 23, fifth to eighth antennomeres slightly dilated, compressed, inner and outer sides of each with a distinct furrow. Mesepisternum angularly elevated, with indistinct corner; mesoscutellum strongly elevated, much higher than top of scutum, apex feebly acute, anterior slope convex (Fig. 7 h). Metabasitarsomere as long as following 4 tarsomeres together. Hairs on temple dense, slightly shorter than diameter of ocellus. Hairs on mesoscutellum sparse, much shorter than diameter of ocellus. Ovipositor longer than metabasitarsomere as 8: 7; sheath slender in lateral view (Fig. 7g). Lancet long and slender (Fig. 7 k), with 14–15 serrulae, middle serrulae each with 1 inner and 8–9 outer subbasal teeth (Fig. 7 l), apical 3 to 4 serrulae continuous. PLATE 7. Siobla weni sp. nov. (a). Female adult in dorsal view; (b). Female adult in lateral view; (c). Male adult in dorsal view; (d). Male adult in lateral view; (e). Head of female in dorsal view; (f). Head of male in dorsal view; (g). Sheath in lateral view; (h). Mesonotum in lateral view; (i). Head of female in frontal view; (j). Head of male in frontal view; (k). Lancet; (l). Middle serrulae; (m). Penis valve; (n). Harpe and parapenis. Male: Body length 11 mm (Figs. 7 c, d). Body yellow brown with face, lower part of inner orbit, frons, ocellar area, and lower part of hind orbit black; antenna black, scape, pedicel, and base and apex of 3 rd antennomere reddish brown; anterior margin of pronotum, dorsum of scutum except a triangular middle spot (Fig. 7 f), mesopleuron, metapleuron, posterior part of metapostnotum, basal part of first abdominal tergite, lateral macula of 4 th tergite, 5 th to 8 th tergites and 7 th to 8 th abdominal sternites black; legs yellow brown, most of coxae, base of fore femur dorsally, broad stripe on dorsum of middle and of hind femur, extreme base and apical 1 / 3 of hind tibia black, hind tarsus pale yellow. Wings indistinctly grayish hyaline, apical 1 / 3 distinctly infuscate, vein C and stigma yellow brown, other veins black. Body hairs pale brown. Punctation and structure similar to female except malar space hardly as long as radius of ocellus, shortest distance between eyes slightly narrower than eye height; head behind eyes as long as half of eye in dorsal view (Fig. 7 j); subgenital plate as long as wide, apex round; genitalia as in Figs. 5 k, j. Etymology: This species is named for the collector of the holotype. Specimens examined: Holotype: Ψ, Mt. Badagong, Sangzhi, Hunan, alt. 1250m, 13 Aug, 2001, WEN Jun, HUANG Ning-Ting leg.; paratypes: 1 ɗ, Mt. Huping, Shimen, Hunan, alt. 1500m, 19 July, 2002, WEI Mei-Cai leg. Distribution: China (Hunan). Remarks: The new species is similar to S. acutiserrula., but differs from the latter by the following: body robust; clypeus roundly protruding and slightly incised medially; the peak of the mesoscutellum not very acute; the shortest distance between eyes as long as eye height in female; lancet with 15–16 serrulae, the middle serrulae each with 1 inner subbasal tooth and 8–9 outer subbasal teeth; most of head yellowish brown with face, lower part of inner orbit, frons, ocellar area, and lower part of hind orbit black, mesoscutellum yellowish brown include anterior part; lower parts of volsella and gonolacinia large. PLATE 8. Siobla zhangi Wei, 2005. (a). Female adult in dorsal view; (b). Female adult in lateral view; (c). Male adult in dorsal view; (d). Male adult in lateral view; (e). Head of female in dorsal view; (f). Head of male in dorsal view; (g). Mesonotum in lateral view; (h). Sheath in lateral view; (i). Lancet; (j). Apical serrulae; (k). Penis valve; (l). Harpe and parapenis.Published as part of Niu, Gengyun & Wei, Meicai, 2010, Revision of the Siobla annulicornis, acutiscutella and sheni groups (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), pp. 45-65 in Zootaxa 2643 on pages 58-60, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19864