Metabolic disturbances in children with respiratory diseases

The literature review provides information about the metabolic changes occurring during respiratory diseases in children. An attempt was made to summarize the scientific data on changes of protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in respiratory pathology in order to justify the need for a differentiated approach to the prescription of metabolic correctors, as well as to point to the need to develop the preclinical diagnostic methods for correction of the minor metabolic disorders by arresting the development of the disease. The introduction of new rehabilitation methods for patients in the acute stage of the disease will reduce the percentage of long-term forms and the chronization of inflammatory processes

Evaluation of the resulting quality level index for interregional passenger automobile transport

In order to improve transport services for the population, it is necessary to study and analyze the information on the quality of transport services on the basis of gained experience and wishes of the passengers. This paper, basing on the normative and technical documentation and expert assessments, provides the rationale for the selection of quality indicators for interregional passenger automobile transport. Quality evaluation indexes are supposed to be simple for calculation and use; quality indexes are supposed to be formed in the way to judge the participation of carriers in the improvement of the quality of the transport process, i. e. to separate the qualities, which depend and do not depend on their activities. Indexes, developed on the basis of the standards' requirements are used in this paper. Such approach in the management of interregional passenger transport can contribute to the quality improvement of interregional automobile transport services provided to the population. The results of statistical data processing of passengers' questionnaires are also given here. The transport quality indexes were quantified through the passengers' answers ranking, the evaluation of the interregional passenger automobile transport quality was carried out on the example of the Ulyanovsk State Technical University. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Metabolic disturbances in children with respiratory diseases

The literature review provides information about the metabolic changes occurring during respiratory diseases in children. An attempt was made to summarize the scientific data on changes of protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in respiratory pathology in order to justify the need for a differentiated approach to the prescription of metabolic correctors, as well as to point to the need to develop the preclinical diagnostic methods for correction of the minor metabolic disorders by arresting the development of the disease. The introduction of new rehabilitation methods for patients in the acute stage of the disease will reduce the percentage of long-term forms and the chronization of inflammatory processes

Metabolic disturbances in children with respiratory diseases

The literature review provides information about the metabolic changes occurring during respiratory diseases in children. An attempt was made to summarize the scientific data on changes of protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in respiratory pathology in order to justify the need for a differentiated approach to the prescription of metabolic correctors, as well as to point to the need to develop the preclinical diagnostic methods for correction of the minor metabolic disorders by arresting the development of the disease. The introduction of new rehabilitation methods for patients in the acute stage of the disease will reduce the percentage of long-term forms and the chronization of inflammatory processes

Metabolic disturbances in children with respiratory diseases

The literature review provides information about the metabolic changes occurring during respiratory diseases in children. An attempt was made to summarize the scientific data on changes of protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in respiratory pathology in order to justify the need for a differentiated approach to the prescription of metabolic correctors, as well as to point to the need to develop the preclinical diagnostic methods for correction of the minor metabolic disorders by arresting the development of the disease. The introduction of new rehabilitation methods for patients in the acute stage of the disease will reduce the percentage of long-term forms and the chronization of inflammatory processes

Immediate autogenous extracted tooth as a grafting material for fresh socket preservation: A systematic review

Objectives: To evaluate the use of extracted autogenous teeth for socket preservation after tooth extraction. Material and Methods: Cochrane, Scopus, and PubMed databases search was conducted to identify human clinical studies reporting the clinical, radiographic and/or histological outcomes of socket preservation techniques with autogenous extracted tooth Only studies published in English language in the last 10 years were included in the study. Results: In total, 82 articles were identified. Five articles were included in the review. They included 58 teeth that were prepared as a graft for socket preservation. The grafts derived from autogenous teeth were presented in three forms: Particles, blocks and powder. The mean bone loss ranged from 0.28 mm to 0.41mm in height and 0.15 mm in width. Conclusion: Immediate autogenous extracted tooth as a grafting material for fresh socket preservation is promising for future daily clinical practice. More clinical comparative studies are needed

Immediate autogenous extracted tooth as a grafting material for fresh socket preservation: A systematic review [Diente autógeno de extracción inmediata como material de injerto para la conservación de alvéolos frescos: Una revisión sistemática]

Objectives: To evaluate the use of extracted autogenous teeth for socket preservation after tooth extraction. Material and Methods: Cochrane, Scopus, and PubMed databases search was conducted to identify human clinical studies reporting the clinical, radiographic and/or histological outcomes of socket preservation techniques with autogenous extracted tooth Only studies published in English language in the last 10 years were included in the study. Results: In total, 82 articles were identified. Five articles were included in the review. They included 58 teeth that were prepared as a graft for socket preservation. The grafts derived from autogenous teeth were presented in three forms: Particles, blocks and powder. The mean bone loss ranged from 0.28 mm to 0.41mm in height and 0.15 mm in width. Conclusion: Immediate autogenous extracted tooth as a grafting material for fresh socket preservation is promising for future daily clinical practice. More clinical comparative studies are needed. © 2021, Universidad de Concepcion. All rights reserved

Rational Surface Design of Upconversion Nanoparticles with Polyethylenimine Coating for Biomedical Applications: Better Safe than Brighter?

Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) coated with polyethylenimine (PEI) are popular background-free optical contrast probes and efficient drug and gene delivery agents attracting attention in science, industry, and medicine. Their unique optical properties are especially useful for subsurface nanotheranostics applications, in particular, in skin. However, high cytotoxicity of PEI limits safe use of UCNP@PEI, and this represents a major barrier for clinical translation of UCNP@PEI-based technologies. Our study aims to address this problem by exploring additional surface modifications to UCNP@PEI to create less toxic and functional nanotheranostic materials. We designed and synthesized six types of layered polymer coatings that envelop the original UCNP@PEI surface, five of which reduced the cytotoxicity to human skin keratinocytes under acute (24 h) and subacute (120 h) exposure. In parallel, we examined the photoluminescence spectra and lifetime of the surface-modified UCNP@PEI. To quantify their brightness, we developed original methodology to precisely measure the colloidal concentration to normalize the photoluminescence signal using a nondigesting mass spectrometry protocol. Our results, specified for the individual coatings, show that, despite decreasing the cytotoxicity, the external polymer coatings of UCNP@PEI quench the upconversion photoluminescence in biologically relevant aqueous environments. This trade-off between cytotoxicity and brightness for surface-coated UCNPs emphasizes the need for the combined assessment of the viability of normal cells exposed to the nanoparticles and the photophysical properties of postmodification UCNPs. We present an optimized methodology for rational surface design of UCNP@PEI in biologically relevant conditions, which is essential to facilitate the translation of such nanoparticles to the clinical applications