Türk hekimlerinin uyku hastalıklarına bakışı

Bu çalışma ile Türkiye'deki hekimlerin uyku hastalıklarına bakışlarını ve bu konudaki tıbbi bilgilerini tespit etmeyi amaçladık. Yedi tanesi hekimlerin bu konuya bakış açılarını, 17 tanesi ise bu konudaki tıbbi bilgilerini ölçmeyi hedefleyen 24 soruluk bir anket formu hazırladık. Anketi Türkiye'nin başkenti ve ikinci en büyük kenti olan Ankara'daki üniversite ve eğitim hastanelerinde uyguladık. Beş farklı uzmanlık alanından 215 hekime ulaştık ve bunlardan 168 (%78)'i anket formunu tamamladı. Hekimlerin %47'si uyku hastalıkları hakkında çok az bilgi sahibi olduklarını belirttiler, %45'i ise bu konuda yeterli bilgi sahibi olduklarını ifade ettiler, ancak başarı oranları yüksek değildi. Soruların yalnızca %45.3'ü doğru olarak cevaplandırıldı. Bu anketin ışığında, Türkiye'deki uyku hastalıkları tıbbının kalitesini arttırmak için bu konudaki tıp eğitiminin hem süre hem de içerik olarak daha iyi hale getirilmesi gerektiği sonucuna vardık.We aimed to assess the knowledge of Turkish physicians about sleep disorders and the attitude of the physicians towards sleep medicine. We prepared a 24-item-questionnaire, 7 of the questions were about the attitudes of the physicians and 17 of them were about the knowledge of the physicians. We applied the questionnaire in all university and educational hospitals in Ankara, which is the capital city and the second largest city of Turkey. Two-hundred-fifteen medical doctors from 5 different specialties accepted to answer the-questionnaire, and 168 (78%) of them completed the questionnaire. 47% of the physicians rated themselves as they had little knowledge about sleep disorders, and 45% as they had enough knowledge about sleep disorders, however, the overall score was not high. They answered only 45.3% of the questions correctly. In the light of this survey, we concluded that medical education on sleep disorders should be extended both in length and in content to improve the quality of sleep disorders medicine in Turkey

Advanced analysis of finger-tapping performance: A preliminary study

Background: The finger-tapping test is a commonly employed quantitative assessment tool used to measure motor performance in the upper extremities. This task is a complex motion that is affected by external stimuli, mood and health status. The complexity of this task is difficult to explain with a single average intertap-interval value (time difference between successive tappings) which only provides general information and neglects the temporal effects of the aforementioned factors. Aims: This study evaluated the time course of average intertap-interval values and the patterns of variation in both the right and left hands of righthanded subjects using a computer-based finger-tapping system. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Methods: Thirty eight male individuals aged between 20 and 28 years (Mean±SD = 22.24±1.65) participated in the study. Participants were asked to perform single-finger-tapping test for 10 seconds of test period. Only the results of right-handed (RH) 35 participants were considered in this study. The test records the time of tapping and saves data as the time difference between successive tappings for further analysis. The average number of tappings and the temporal fluctuation patterns of the intertap-intervals were calculated and compared. The variations in the intertap-interval were evaluated with the best curve fit method. Results: An average tapping speed or tapping rate can reliably be defined for a single-finger tapping test by analysing the graphically presented data of the number of tappings within the test period. However, a different presentation of the same data, namely the intertap-interval values, shows temporal variation as the number of tapping increases. Curve fitting applications indicate that the variation has a biphasic nature. Conclusion: The measures obtained in this study reflect the complex nature of the finger-tapping task and are suggested to provide reliable information regarding hand performance. Moreover, the equation reflects both the variations in and the general patterns associated with the task.Background: The finger-tapping test is a commonly employed quantitative assessment tool used to measure motor performance in the upper extremities. This task is a complex motion that is affected by external stimuli, mood and health status. The complexity of this task is difficult to explain with a single average intertap-interval value (time difference between successive tappings) which only provides general information and neglects the temporal effects of the aforementioned factors. Aims: This study evaluated the time course of average intertap-interval values and the patterns of variation in both the right and left hands of righthanded subjects using a computer-based finger-tapping system. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Methods: Thirty eight male individuals aged between 20 and 28 years (Mean±SD = 22.24±1.65) participated in the study. Participants were asked to perform single-finger-tapping test for 10 seconds of test period. Only the results of right-handed (RH) 35 participants were considered in this study. The test records the time of tapping and saves data as the time difference between successive tappings for further analysis. The average number of tappings and the temporal fluctuation patterns of the intertap-intervals were calculated and compared. The variations in the intertap-interval were evaluated with the best curve fit method. Results: An average tapping speed or tapping rate can reliably be defined for a single-finger tapping test by analysing the graphically presented data of the number of tappings within the test period. However, a different presentation of the same data, namely the intertap-interval values, shows temporal variation as the number of tapping increases. Curve fitting applications indicate that the variation has a biphasic nature. Conclusion: The measures obtained in this study reflect the complex nature of the finger-tapping task and are suggested to provide reliable information regarding hand performance. Moreover, the equation reflects both the variations in and the general patterns associated with the task

Advanced analysis of finger-tapping performance: A preliminary study

Background: The finger-tapping test is a commonly employed quantitative assessment tool used to measure motor performance in the upper extremities. This task is a complex motion that is affected by external stimuli, mood and health status. The complexity of this task is difficult to explain with a single average intertap-interval value (time difference between successive tappings) which only provides general information and neglects the temporal effects of the aforementioned factors. Aims: This study evaluated the time course of average intertap-interval values and the patterns of variation in both the right and left hands of righthanded subjects using a computer-based finger-tapping system. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Methods: Thirty eight male individuals aged between 20 and 28 years (Mean±SD = 22.24±1.65) participated in the study. Participants were asked to perform single-finger-tapping test for 10 seconds of test period. Only the results of right-handed (RH) 35 participants were considered in this study. The test records the time of tapping and saves data as the time difference between successive tappings for further analysis. The average number of tappings and the temporal fluctuation patterns of the intertap-intervals were calculated and compared. The variations in the intertap-interval were evaluated with the best curve fit method. Results: An average tapping speed or tapping rate can reliably be defined for a single-finger tapping test by analysing the graphically presented data of the number of tappings within the test period. However, a different presentation of the same data, namely the intertap-interval values, shows temporal variation as the number of tapping increases. Curve fitting applications indicate that the variation has a biphasic nature. Conclusion: The measures obtained in this study reflect the complex nature of the finger-tapping task and are suggested to provide reliable information regarding hand performance. Moreover, the equation reflects both the variations in and the general patterns associated with the task.Background: The finger-tapping test is a commonly employed quantitative assessment tool used to measure motor performance in the upper extremities. This task is a complex motion that is affected by external stimuli, mood and health status. The complexity of this task is difficult to explain with a single average intertap-interval value (time difference between successive tappings) which only provides general information and neglects the temporal effects of the aforementioned factors. Aims: This study evaluated the time course of average intertap-interval values and the patterns of variation in both the right and left hands of righthanded subjects using a computer-based finger-tapping system. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Methods: Thirty eight male individuals aged between 20 and 28 years (Mean±SD = 22.24±1.65) participated in the study. Participants were asked to perform single-finger-tapping test for 10 seconds of test period. Only the results of right-handed (RH) 35 participants were considered in this study. The test records the time of tapping and saves data as the time difference between successive tappings for further analysis. The average number of tappings and the temporal fluctuation patterns of the intertap-intervals were calculated and compared. The variations in the intertap-interval were evaluated with the best curve fit method. Results: An average tapping speed or tapping rate can reliably be defined for a single-finger tapping test by analysing the graphically presented data of the number of tappings within the test period. However, a different presentation of the same data, namely the intertap-interval values, shows temporal variation as the number of tapping increases. Curve fitting applications indicate that the variation has a biphasic nature. Conclusion: The measures obtained in this study reflect the complex nature of the finger-tapping task and are suggested to provide reliable information regarding hand performance. Moreover, the equation reflects both the variations in and the general patterns associated with the task

Demographic and polysomnographic variables in all subjects.

<p>All values are presented as means ± S.E.M.</p

Results of eye chart visual acuity test for the without-CPAP group (A) and with-CPAP group (B) are presented in bar graph.

<p>There is no significant difference between groups. Error bars  =  S.E.M.</p

Visual acuity values of each patient.

<p>Values are given as Snellen units.</p

Uykunun fonksiyonel sonuçları ölçeğinin (FOSQ) Türk toplumuna uyarlanması

Uyku anketinin fonksiyonel sonuçlarının Türk versiyonu (FOSQ.tr), obstrüktifuyku apne hipopne sendrorn (OUAHS)'lu hastalarda psikometrik özellikleri yönünden değerlendirildi. FOSQ testi önce Türkçe'ye çevrilip, sonra tekrar ingilizce'ye çevrildi. Psikometrik değerlendirme amacıyla, ardarda seçilmiş 73 hasta ile birlikte 73 kontrol olgusuna test uygulandı. Testlerin geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışmaları yapıldı. FOSQ.tr'nin tümünde (a= 0.92) ve alt skalalarında (o= 0.76-0.80) Cronbach's alfa değerleri, anketin iç güvenilirliğinin tam olduğunu düşündürdü. FOSQ.tr'nin test, retest geçerliliği sosyal sonuçlardan farklı olarak, tüm skorlar (r= 0.7) ve alt skalalar için anlamlıydı (r= 0.5'den 0.8'e kadar, toplamda p< 0.01). FOSQ.tr Epworth uykululuk skalası ile korelasyon gösteriyordu; korelasyon katsayısı alt skalalar için r= -0.5'den-0.62'ye kadar (p< 0.05) ve tüm skor için r= 0.64 (p< 0.01) olarak değişiyordu. Diskriminant analiz sonucu FOSQ.tr'nin normal birey ile hastanın anlamlı derecede ayırt edilebileceğini göstermiştir (p< 0.03). Sonuç olarak, FOSQ.tr'nin psikometrik özellikleri davranışlarda gündüz aşırı uyku halinin etkilerinin saptanmasında geçerli ve güvenilir bir test olduğu gösterilmiştir.Turkish version of functional outcomes of sleep questionnaire (FOSQ.tr) was examined for its psychometric properties in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea hypopnoea syndrome (OSAHS). The FOSQ was translated into Turkish using a for-ward-backward translation. For the psychometric evaluation, 73 consecutive patients were selected along with 73 control subjects. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, concurrent and discriminant validity were investigated. Values of Cronbach's alpha for the total FOSQ.tr (u= 0.92) and its subscales (a= 0.76-0.80) suggest that the questionnaire was consistent internally. Test-retest reliability of the FOSQ.tr was significant for the total score (r= 0.7) and the sub-scales apart from sodal outcome (r= 0.5 to 0.8, all p< 0.01). FOSQ.tr correlated moderately with Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), with coefficients ranging from r= -0.5 to -0.62, (all p< 0.05) for the sub-scales, and r= -0.64 (p< 0.01) for total score. Discriminant analysis showed that FOSQ.tr could significantly distinguish the patients from normal subjects (p< 0.03). The psychometric properties of the FOSQ.tr suggest that it is a valid and reliable instrument for the assessment of the impact of disorders of excessive sleepiness on daily behaviour

Pre and post sleep comparison of left and right corneal thickness of each group.

<p>Values are given as microns for corneal thickness (means ± S.E.M.).</p>*<p>p = 0.0025 very significant (t = 4.134 with 9 degrees of freedom). The comparison is between Pre-Sleep and Post-Sleep of left corneal thickness in without-CPAP group.</p>**<p>p< 0.0001 extremely significant (t = 9.257 with 9 degrees of freedom). The comparison is between Pre-Sleep and Post-Sleep of right corneal thickness in without-CPAP group.</p

Results of post-sleep questionnaire of “with-CPAP” (CPAP) and “without-CPAP” (wo/CPAP) groups.

<p>The questionnaire is made-up of four categories, which are Blurred Vision (BV) – panel A, Dimmer Vision (DV) – panel B, Clear Vision (CV) – panel C and Eye Discomfort (ED) –panel D. Statistically significant (i.e., accepted as p<0.05) p values are shown in the figure. Non-significant p values are not shown. The possible three answers to each of the categories are summarized as “Less answer” =  “Less”, “Same answer”  =  “SameMore” and “More answer”  =  “SameMore” to make an easy interpretation of data.</p

The protective effect of thymoquinone on ethanol-induced acute gastric damage in the rat

Previous studies have indicated a pivotal role of reactive oxygen species in the pathomechanism of gastric ulcer. Recent studies demonstrated that thymoquinone (TQ) had an antioxidant effect on injuries caused by various toxic agents in different experimental models. The present study was planned to test whether TQ, the main constituent of the volatile oil of Nigella sativa seeds, was capable to exert beneficial effects on acute gastric ulcer model in rats. We examined antiulcerative and antioxidant effects of TQ on ethanol (EtOH)-induced gastric lesions in rats. The data we collected showed that gastric ulcer caused by absolute EtOH induction resulted in an increase in lipid peroxidation, represented by malondialdehyde level as well as by superoxide dismutase level, an antioxidant enzyme, whereas it resulted in a decrease in glutathione content in rat stomach tissue. Thymoquinone (20 mg/kg) administration reduced the ulcer index and the malondialdehyde level, and reversed the glutathione depletion. However, it did not statistically change the high superoxide dismutase activity induced by EtOH. These results suggest that TQ could inhibit the development of EtOH-induced gastric ulcer, and gastroprotective action of TQ might be in part dependent on its antioxidant property. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved