Effect of Land Application of Poultry Waste on Pesticide Loss

The poultry industry in Arkansas is a large, concentrated, growing industry that produces a high volume of fecal waste. Most of this waste is surface applied as pasture fertilizer. Pesticides are commonly used in the poultry industry for fly and litter beetle contro land are often a component of the surface-applied poultry waste. No information exists in the scientific literature regarding the transport of this pesticide component to nearby water supplies.Our research focused on cyromazine, a feed-through larvicide used to control flies in caged-layer hen houses. Tetrachlorvinphos and carbaryl are also used in poultry waste, but these pesticides have a relatively low solubility in water and rapid decomposition rate. Cyromazine, however, is highly soluble and stable in water. Since it may be readily washed from the pasture by heavy rainfall and may persist in surface and soil water, cyromazine appears to be potentially a much greater long-term threat to water quality than either carbaryl or tetrachlorvinphos. Therefore, the objective of this investigation was to examine the extent of cyromazine loss as a result of land application of caged layer manure. To quantify cyromazine loss from pasture plots treated with caged layer manure,research was conducted at the University of Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station at Fayetteville. Plots of uniform slope were bordered to isolate surface runoff, fitted with runoff collectors, and established in fescue pasture. Suction lysimeters were placed at the 60 cm depth to sample soil water in the unsaturated zone. Caged layer manure was analyzed for cyromazine concentration and applied to the plots at three different rates. Rainfall was applied by simulator at two intensities. Surface runoff and lysimeter samples were measured and analyzed for cyromazine concentration. A solid phase extraction procedure was used to separate the cyromazine from the water samples and analysis was done by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results showed that a heavier manure application increased both the runoff and cyromazine concentration. Higher rainfall intensity also increased total cyromazine loss in the runoff, but provided enough runoff volume to decrease the cyromazine concentration. Soil water from the unsaturated zone was monitored for a year following the manure application, but neither cyromazine nor its metabolite, melamine, were detected

Isolated proteinuria in asymptomatic patients

Presentation of the Forum is made possible by grants from Smith Kline & French Laboratories, Hoechst-Roussel Pharmaceuticals Inc., CIBA Pharmaceutical Company, GEIGY Pharmaceuticals, and Boehringer Ingelheim Ltd

The Synthesis of 2-Chloro-4,6-bis-(ethyl-[l-14C]-amino)-s-triazine( Simazine)

The herbiciide 2-chloro-4,6-bis-(ethylamino)-s-triazine (Simazine), (III) labeled with 14 C in the ring was prepared by the Geigy Agricultural Chemicals Co

Karl F. Jorda: An Anthology Remembering the Remarkable Life of an IP Icon and Beloved Professor

[Excerpt] “In May 2016 I was sad to hear that Professor Karl Jorda had passed away. For twenty-five years, Karl had been my professor, while earning my LL.M. (IP) degree, as well as Faculty colleague, ardent supporter of the Library, and friend. For almost two decades, he made annual donations from his grand personal library. These materials, on the spectrum from continuing education practice monographs to exotic treatises on IP in foreign languages, helped add to the unique holdings of the IP Library. Upon retiring, he donated over a dozen cabinets of his papers, many are the foundation of the web collection of his works. The law school community was swift in expressing the loss; “Karl was a titan in the world of intellectual property law,” said Jordan Budd, Interim Dean at UNH Law. “He was also sincere and kind-hearted, and a tremendous mentor to our students and faculty. He left an immensely positive imprint on UNH Law. Everyone here is lucky to have called him a colleague and a friend.

Development of Modern Plant Protection Products: Why and How

The future success of plant protection business depends to a great extent on the acceptance of the new generation of plant protection agents by both the market and the public. Accordingly, the complex development process in Ciba-Geigy fully reflects the requirements of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and the principle of maximal carefulness for farmers (users), consumers, and the environment. Some basic facts on the necessity of plant protection measures, on IPM, biological and chemical pest control, possible contributions of biotechnology, the position of Ciba-Geigy in plant protection, and stages of the development of a new plant protection product from the discovery up to a successful market introduction are briefly presented and commented on

Vibratory Finishing of Stereolithography Parts

Rapid Prototype polymer resin models produced by Stereolithography have, by the nature of the process, a relatively poor surface roughness, particularly on concave and convex surfaces. In many cases this is unacceptable, and slow and tedious manual finishing techniques are often used to improve the surface. An investigation has been conducted into a range of automated finishing techniques with the aim of producing an acceptable surface roughness. This paper presents the results from two techniques, Vibratory Bowl Abrasion and Ultrasonic Abrasion using components made from Ciba-Geigy XB5081-1 and XB 5143 resins. Initial results from Scanning Electron Microscopy and surface topography analyses suggest that both techniques are capable of improving the model surfaces.Mechanical Engineerin

Development of lightweight fire retardant, low-smoke, high-strength, thermally stable aircraft floor paneling

Fire resistance mechanical property tests were conducted on sandwich configurations composed of resin-fiberglass laminates bonded with adhesives to Nomex honeycomb core. The test results were compared to proposed and current requirements for aircraft floor panel applications to demonstrate that the fire safety of the airplane could be improved without sacrificing mechanical performance of the aircraft floor panels

Development of lightweight, fire-retardant, low-smoke, high-strength, thermally stable aircraft floor paneling

Extensive fire resistance and mechanical property tests were conducted on sandwich configurations composed of resin-fiberglass laminates bonded with adhesive to Nomex honeycomb and foam core. The test results were used to select a combination of materials that would improve the fire safety of the airplane without sacrificing mechanical performance of the aircraft floor panels. A test panel is being service evaluated in a commercial aircraft

The Synthesis of 2-Chloro-4,6-bis-(ethyl-[l-14C]-amino)-s-triazine( Simazine)

The herbiciide 2-chloro-4,6-bis-(ethylamino)-s-triazine (Simazine), (III) labeled with 14 C in the ring was prepared by the Geigy Agricultural Chemicals Co