Future development of apricot blossom blight under climate change in Southern France

International audienceClimate change will have several consequences for agro-systems, one of which will concern changes to the development of pathogens. Because of the losses it causes, particularly in organic farming, Monilinia laxa is an important pathogen affecting apricot crops. This study focuses on the consequences of climate change regarding blossom and twig blight (Monilinia laxa) of apricot. To achieve this, a Climatic Index of cumulated Blight risk (CIB) was built, to obtain the weighted sum of blossom blight incidence throughout the blooming period. An epidemiological model to calculate the incidence of blossom blight during every potentially infectious episode and based on biological parameters, was calibrated using a trap pot experiment where trees were placed in orchards and subject to various meteorological conditions. The CIB derived from this model was evaluated on field data, and was shown to be a robust and useful tool to predict the effects of climate change on the development of apricot blight. Then, using the CIB with a phenological model to predict blooming periods in the future, we estimated the risks of apricot blight until 2100 on four contrasted apricot cultivars and in three geographical zones under climate change scenarios RCP 4.5 and 8.5. This study revealed different effects of climate change depending on the cultivar and altitude. Apricot trees would bloom earlier (up to a difference of 50 days between 1950 and 2100) under climate change. Under the combined effects of these shifts of blooming period and changing climatic conditions, late cultivars such as Bergarouge might see a reduction in the risk of blossom blight (down to 31%) because of warmer but dryer blooming periods. Other varieties (e.g.: Bergeron) could experience an increase in this risk by up to 27% with a shift of the blooming period towards rainier conditions at the highest altitudes. The results of this study could be used to anticipate future changes as well as be used at present as a decision-support tool for farmers

Adaptation du modèle STICS à la vigne (Vitis vinifera L.) (utilisation dans le cadre d'une étude d'impact du changement climatique à l'échelle de la France)

MONTPELLIER-SupAgro La Gaillarde (341722306) / SudocSudocFranceF

An interactive analysis of users, use and usability of phenological information

Phenology is the science that studies the timing of periodic plant and animal life cycle events, as well as their causes, interrelations, and variations in space and time. Phenological information has a plethora of use and hence of users. For example, this information is often used to study climate change because phenological timings respond to changes in environmental conditions. Besides this, phenological information helps to model the water, carbon and energy cycles, is necessary to monitor and manage natural and artificial man-made ecosystems and even supports nature lovers and public health practitioners. The well-established EGU session on “Phenology and seasonality in climate change” shows the diversity of phenological research and products and brings together multiple research communities: ecologists, agronomists, foresters, climatologists, geo-information and remote sensing scientists, and of course, citizen science experts. We believe that this diversity deserves attention and propose carrying out a first analysis of users, use and usability of phenological products by interacting with the participants of this EGU session. For this we will use a presentation software that allows posing questions to the audience and collecting their views in real-time. This presentation will then provide a better view of the phenological community, including their most commonly used data sources, tools, and needs. Special attention will be paid to identify major achievements and research and/or operational gaps that can help to define a phenological agenda for this new decade

Podcast ! Le nom du monde était forêt.

Podcast de 59mnNous avons changé le visage de la planète : forêts rasées ou plantées d’autres essences, transports d’espèces invasives dont nous ne sommes pas la dernière dans des écosystèmes ravagés, sols transformés en simples supports car vidés de leur substance. Démiurges s’autodétruisant que nous sommes, les modifications opérées par l’humanité peuvent-elles être bénéfiques

Phenology : follow the internal clock of the vines

Le développement de la vigne au cours de l’année est rythmé par l’apparition de stades clés comme le débourrement, la floraison et la véraison. Leur suivi précis à l’échelle d’un vignoble est indispensable pour une gestion technique performante. Il permet de connaître la précocité relative des parcelles d’une exploitation, de caractériser le millésime en cours et de positionner avec précision les opérations techniques comme les traitements phytosanitaires

Which climatic modeling to assess climate change impacts on vineyards?

The impact of climatic change on viticulture is significant: main phenological stages appear earlier, wine characteristics are changing,... This clearly illustrates the point that the adaptation of viticulture to climate change is crucial and should be based on simulations of future climate. Several types of models exist and are used to represent viticultural climates at various scales. In this paper, we propose a review of different types of climate models (methodology and uncertainties) and then few examples of its application at the scale of wine growing regions worldwide

La recherche et la filière vigne et vin travaillent conjointement pour relever le défi du changement climatique

International audienc

Assessing prediction quality of several phenological process based models using various types of data bases. A case study using Vitis vinifera data.

oral presentatio

La filière Vigne et Vin face au changement climatique : enseignements d’un forum de prospective pour le Val de Loire

International audienceThe article reports on the prospective forum organized in 2019 by INRAE and InterLoire to explore the possible futures of Loire Valley vineyards in the context of climate change. 90 players in the wine sector expressed their perceptions of the impact of climate change in 2050, voted for an adaptation scénario and proposed levers for action to make it happen. The positions and proposals are analysed and compared with those of the forums held in six other wine regions, showing the specificities of the Loire Valley, in particular on the links with environmental issues.L'article rend compte du forum de prospective organisé en 2019 par INRAE et InterLoire pour explorer les futurs possibles des vignobles du Val de Loire face au changement climatique. 90 acteurs de la filière ont exprimé leurs perceptions des conséquences du changement climatique en 2050, opté pour un scénario d’adaptation et proposé des leviers d’action pour qu’il se réalise. Les positions et propositions sont analysées et comparées à celles des forums réalisés dans six autres régions viticoles, montrant les spécificités du val de Loire, en particulier sur les liens avec les enjeux d’environnement

Measuring the phenology to more effectively manage the vineyard

Phenology is concerned with the periodic phenomenon of the vine growing cycle (bud burst, flowering, veraison (color change), in relation to the climate. It is a veritable biological clock of the vines. The timing of the numerous operations in the vineyard (phytosanitary protection, defoliation, crop thinning….) is undertaken in accordance with the phenological stages. Since the precociousness of the latter is directly linked to the temperature, the phenology is also a marker of global warming