65,877 research outputs found
Nuclear shape coexistence in Po isotopes: An interacting boson model study
Background: The lead region, Po, Pb, Hg, and Pt, shows up the presence of
coexisting structures having different deformation and corresponding to
different particle-hole configurations in the Shell Model language.
Purpose: We intend to study the importance of configuration mixing in the
understanding of the nuclear structure of even-even Po isotopes, where the
shape coexistence phenomena are not clear enough.
Method: We study in detail a long chain of polonium isotopes, 190-208Po,
using the interacting boson model with configuration mixing (IBM-CM). We fix
the parameters of the Hamiltonians through a least-squares fit to the known
energies and absolute B(E2) transition rates of states up to 3 MeV.
Results: We obtained the IBM-CM Hamiltonians and we calculate excitation
energies, B(E2)'s, electric quadrupole moments, nuclear radii and isotopic
shifts, quadrupole shape invariants, wave functions, and deformations.
Conclusions: We obtain a good agreement with the experimental data for all
the studied observables and we conclude that shape coexistence phenomenon is
hidden in Po isotopes, very much as in the case of the Pt isotopes.Comment: To be published in Physical Review C. arXiv admin note: text overlap
with arXiv:1312.459
The influence of intruder states in even-even Po isotopes
We study the role of intruder states and shape coexistence in the even-even
Po isotopes, through an interacting boson model with configuration
mixing calculation. We analyzed the results in the light of known systematics
on various observable in the Pb region, paying special attention to the
unperturbed energy systematics and quadrupole deformation. We find that shape
coexistence in the Po isotopes behaves in very much the same way as in the Pt
isotopes, i.e., it is somehow hidden, contrary to the situation in the Pb and
the Hg isotopes.Comment: Contribution to the Nuclear Structure and Dynamics 2015 (Portorose,
Slovenia) proceeding
Selecting fast folding proteins by their rate of convergence
We propose a general method for predicting potentially good folders from a
given number of amino acid sequences. Our approach is based on the calculation
of the rate of convergence of each amino acid chain towards the native
structure using only the very initial parts of the dynamical trajectories. It
does not require any preliminary knowledge of the native state and can be
applied to different kinds of models, including atomistic descriptions. We
tested the method within both the lattice and off-lattice model frameworks and
obtained several so far unknown good folders. The unbiased algorithm also
allows to determine the optimal folding temperature and takes at least 3--4
orders of magnitude less time steps than those needed to compute folding times
Estimate of CP Violation for the LBNE Project and $\delta_{CP}
Measurements of CP violation (CPV) and the basic parameter are
the goals of the LBNE Project, which is being planned. Using the expected
energy and baseline parameters for the LBNE Project, CPV and the dependence of
CPV on are estimated, to help in the planning of this project.Comment: 7 pages, 1 figur
Shape evolution and shape coexistence in Pt isotopes: comparing interacting boson model configuration mixing and Gogny mean-field energy surfaces
The evolution of the total energy surface and the nuclear shape in the
isotopic chain Pt are studied in the framework of the interacting
boson model, including configuration mixing. The results are compared with a
self-consistent Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov calculation using the Gogny-D1S
interaction and a good agreement between both approaches shows up. The
evolution of the deformation parameters points towards the presence of two
different coexisting configurations in the region 176 A 186.Comment: Submitted to PR
Theory for the optimal control of time-averaged quantities in open quantum systems
We present variational theory for optimal control over a finite time interval
in quantum systems with relaxation. The corresponding Euler-Lagrange equations
determining the optimal control field are derived. In our theory the optimal
control field fulfills a high order differential equation, which we solve
analytically for some limiting cases. We determine quantitatively how
relaxation effects limit the control of the system. The theory is applied to
open two level quantum systems. An approximate analytical solution for the
level occupations in terms of the applied fields is presented. Different other
applications are discussed
A theoretical description of energy spectra and two-neutron separation energies for neutron-rich zirconium isotopes
Very recently the atomic masses of neutron-rich Zr isotopes, from Zr
to Zr, have been measured with high precision. Using a schematic
Interacting Boson Model (IBM) Hamiltonian, the evolution from spherical to
deformed shapes along the chain of Zr isotopes, describing at the same time the
excitation energies as well as the two-neutron separation energies, can be
rather well reproduced. The interplay between phase transitions and
configuration mixing of intruder excitations in this mass region is succinctly
addressed.Comment: Accepted in European Journal of Physics
Nuclear binding energies: Global collective structure and local shell-model correlations
Nuclear binding energies and two-neutron separation energies are analyzed
starting from the liquid-drop model and the nuclear shell model in order to
describe the global trends of the above observables. We subsequently
concentrate on the Interacting Boson Model (IBM) and discuss a new method in
order to provide a consistent description of both, ground-state and
excited-state properties. We address the artefacts that appear when crossing
mid-shell using the IBM formulation and perform detailed numerical calculations
for nuclei situated in the 50-82 shell. We also concentrate on local deviations
from the above global trends in binding energy and two-neutron separation
energies that appear in the neutron-deficient Pb region. We address possible
effects on the binding energy, caused by mixing of low-lying intruder
states into the ground state, using configuration mixing in the IBM framework.
We also study ground-state properties using a deformed mean-field approach.
Detailed comparisons with recent experimental data in the Pb region are amply
discussed.Comment: 69 pages, TeX (ReVTeX). 23 eps figures. 1 table. Modified version.
Accepted in Nucl. Phys.
NASA technology utilization program: The small business market
Technology transfer programs were studied to determine how they might be more useful to the small business community. The status, needs, and technology use patterns of small firms are reported. Small business problems and failures are considered. Innovation, capitalization, R and D, and market share problems are discussed. Pocket, captive, and new markets are summarized. Small manufacturers and technology acquisition are discussed, covering external and internal sources, and NASA technology. Small business and the technology utilization program are discussed, covering publications and industrial applications centers. Observations and recommendations include small business market development and contracting, and NASA management technology
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