La ODA como estrategia pedag?gica para fortalecer la comprensi?n lectora, en los estudiantes de grado s?ptimo de la instituci?n educativa departamental Gustavo Uribe Ram?rez, ubicada en el municipio de Granada Cundinamarca

184 p. Recurso Electr?nicoEl presente proyecto de intervenci?n tiene como objetivo utilizar el subg?nero l?rico de la Oda como estrategia pedag?gica para fortalecer la comprensi?n lectora en estudiantes del grado s?ptimo de la INSTITUCI?N EDUCATIVA DEPARTAMENTAL GUSTAVO URIBE RAM?REZ, ubicada en el municipio de Granada Cundinamarca. Esta l?nea de acci?n surge de la observaci?n y an?lisis realizado, donde se identific? como problem?tica principal que el estudianteno entiende lo que lee, en consecuencia, no es capaz de comprender la tem?tica del texto, adem?s las estrategias del docente son poco llamativas. Metodol?gicamente esta investigaci?n se enmarca dentro del paradigma cualitativo, teniendo como base la IAP (investigaci?n acci?n participativa), debido a que el proceso ense?anza aprendizaje de la lectura significa el hecho de intercambiar y capturar experiencias en el lenguaje de los propios individuos, cu?les son susintereses y qu? implica el comprender la situaci?n y las condiciones del investigado. Para determinar la problem?tica y siguiendo la metodolog?a investigativa se llev? un proceso secuencial que permiti? obtener informaci?n: el Diario de campo dio vista global, el estudio de caso estableci? problem?ticas generales, la entrevista ampli? la magnitud del problema y el grupo focal determin? la falencia a fortalecer. El uso del subg?nero l?rico de la Oda es unametodolog?a innovadora; es un tipo de texto que requiere de una lectura inferencial para determinar el verdadero sentido de lo que est? plasmado, adem?s por su gran variedad de tem?ticas, contextos y estilos, permite el trabajo din?mico mediante nuevas estrategias que logran captar la atenci?n del estudiante. Palabras clave:Oda, poes?a, comprensi?n lectora, l?rica, pedagog?a, IAP, intervenci?n, interacci?n, comunicaci?n, lectura, educaci?n, estrategia.The present project of intervention has as aim use the lyric subkind of the Ode as pedagogic strategy to strengthen the reading comprehension in students of the seventh degree of the EDUCATIONAL DEPARTMENTAL INSTITUTION GUSTAVO URIBE RAMIREZ, located in the municipality of Granada Cundinamarca. This line of action arises from the observation and realized analysis, where there was identified as principal problematic that the student does not understand what he reads, in consequence, is not capable of understanding the subject matter of the text, in addition the slightly showy strategies of the educational sound. Methodologically this investigation places inside the qualitative paradigm, having as base the IAP (investigation participative action), due to the fact that the process education learning of the reading means the fact of exchanging and capturing experiences in the language of the own individuals, which are his interests and what implies understanding the situation and the conditions of the investigated one. To determine the problematic and following the methodology investigative one took a sequential process that allowed obtaining information: the Field diary gave global sight, the study of case established problematic personal details, the interview extended the magnitude of the problem and the focal group determined the failing to strengthen The use of the lyric subkind of the Ode is an innovative methodology; it is a type of text that it needs of a reading inferential to determine the real sense of what is formed, in addition for his great variety of subject matters, contexts and styles, allows the dynamic work by means of new strategies that manage to catch the attention of the student. Keywords: Ode, poetry, reading, lyric comprehension, pedagogy, IAP, intervention, interaction, communication, reading, education, strategy

Treatment strategy optimization for patients with non-small-cell lung cancer harboring EGFR mutation: a Delphi consensus

AIM: To stablish a consensus on the treatment strategy for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (aNSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor mutation (EGFRm) in Spain. METHODS: After a systematic literature review, the scientific committee developed 33 statements in 4 fields: molecular diagnosis (10 items); histologic profile and patient clinical characteristics (7 items); first-line (1L) treatment in EGFRm aNSCLC (8 items); and subsequent-line treatment (8 items). A panel of 31 experts completed 2 Delphi online questionnaires rating their degree of agreement/disagreement for each statement through a 1-9 range scale (1-3 = disagree, 7-9 = agree). Consensus was reached if 2/3 of the participants are in the median range. RESULTS: In the first Delphi round consensus was achieved for 24/33 of the statements. One of the assertions was deleted, proceeding to a second round with the eight remaining questions with no consensus or in the range of indeterminacy. Determination of the EGFR status from tissue and analysis of the different biomarkers are two important variables that influenced treatment decision in patients with aNSCLC. 1L treatment should be the best therapeutic option, independently of the subsequent lines of treatment. For patients with the most common activating mutations osimertinib was considered the most efficient and safe 1L option. In case of disease progression, a new biopsy was needed. CONCLUSIONS: A consensus document is proposed to optimize the treatment strategy for untreated patients with a NSCLC with EGFR sensitizing mutations

Pancreatic Cancer Malnutrition and Pancreatic Exocrine Insufficiency in the Course of Chemotherapy in Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer

Background: Malnutrition and cachexia are common in patients with advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and have a significant influence on the tolerance and response to treatments. If timely identified, malnourished PDAC patients could be treated to increase their capacity to complete the planned treatments and, therefore, possibly, improve their efficacy. Aims: The aim of this study is to assess the impact of nutritional status, pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI), and other clinical factors on patient outcomes in patients with advanced PDAC. Methods: PAncreatic Cancer MAlnutrition and Pancreatic Exocrine INsufficiency in the Course of Chemotherapy in Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer (PAC-MAIN) is an international multicenter prospective observational cohort study. The nutritional status will be determined by means of Mini-Nutritional Assessment score and laboratory blood tests. PEI will be defined by reduced fecal elastase levels. MAIN OUTCOME: adherence to planned chemotherapy in the first 12 weeks following the diagnosis, according to patients' baseline nutritional status and quantified and reported as "percent of standard chemotherapy dose delivered." SECONDARY OUTCOMES: rate of chemotherapy-related toxicity, progression-free survival, survival at 6 months, overall survival, quality of life, and the number of hospitalizations. ANALYSIS: chemotherapy dosing over the first 12 weeks of therapy (i.e., percent of chemotherapy received in the first 12 weeks, as defined above) will be compared between well-nourished and malnourished patients. SAMPLE SIZE: based on an expected percentage of chemotherapy delivered of 70% in well-nourished patients, with a type I error of 0.05 and a type II error of 0.20, a sample size of 93 patients per group will be required in case of a percentage difference of chemotherapy delivered of 20% between well-nourished and malnourished patients, 163 patients per group in case of a difference of 15% between the groups, and 356 patients per group in case of a 10% difference. Centers from Russia, Romania, Turkey, Spain, Serbia, and Italy will participate in the study upon Local Ethics Committee approval. Discussion: PAC-MAIN will provide insights into the role of malnutrition and PEI in the outcomes of PDAC. The study protocol was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04112836

Dos especies de garrapatas del g\ue9nero Amblyomma (Acari: Ixodidae) en perros del estado Aragua, Venezuela

Manzanilla J, Garc\ueda ME, Moissant E, Garc\ueda FA, Tortolero E. 2002. Two species of ticks of the genus Amblyomma (Acari: Ixodidae) on dogs of the Aragua state, Venezuela. Entomotropica 17(2):177-180. The first report of Amblyomma maculatum and A. parvum collected from Rottweiler and crossbred dogs, in Aragua state are presented. This is the first report of A. parvum on dogs in Venezuela.Manzanilla J, Garc\ueda ME, Moissant E, Garc\ueda FA, Tortolero E. 2002. Dos especies de garrapatas del g\ue9nero Amblyomma (Acari: Ixodidae) en perros del estado Aragua, Venezuela. Entomotropica 17(2):177-180. Se presenta el primer registro de Amblyomma maculatum y A. parvum para el estado Aragua, sobre perros de la raza Rottweiler y mestizo respectivamente. Es el primer registro de A. parvum sobre caninos en Venezuel

Plan de negocio para la implementaci?n de una empresa de servicios integrales basada en tecnolog?a UAV (drones) en fertilizaci?n y fumigaci?n de cultivos espec?ficos

El presente plan de negocios consiste en una empresa de servicios integrales basada en tecnolog?a UAV (Drones) en fertilizaci?n y fumigaci?n de paltos y c?tricos en Lima e Ica, para empresas exportadoras del sector agr?cola dedicadas a las paltas y c?tricos, aprovechando el potencial de uso de estas nuevas tecnolog?as. Se necesitan 366,161.38 soles, entre drones (226,219.7 soles), otros activos fijos y gastos operativos y marketing, para la fase preoperativa. El proyecto ser? llevado a cabo por una empresa nueva con capitales propios. En el primer a?o se llegar? al punto de equilibrio.Finalmente, despu?s del estudio se confirm? que este negocio es viable, como resultado de la evaluaci?n financiera tenemos una VAN de 341,108 soles y una TIR de 46.23%

Primary malignant melanoma of the biliary tract: A case report and literature review

BACKGROUND: Primary malignant melanoma of the biliary tract (MBT) is a rare condition whose diagnosis requires excluding a primary origin in another location. This paper reviews the most important characteristics of MBT cases published in the literature and reports a new case. The patient reported here is the first case of primary malignant melanoma of the biliary tract with pulmonary metastasis treated with immunotherapy. This patient remains disease-free 36 mo after the treatment of metastatic lung lesions. CASE SUMMARY: A 51-year-old man was admitted to the gastrointestinal department to study obstructive jaundice of a 1 wk clinical course. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography revealed dilatation of the intrahepatic biliary tract and stenosis of the common hepatic duct. Given the suspicion of biliary tract neoplasia, cholecystectomy and resection of the common hepatic duct were performed with hepatic jejunostomy free of complications. Anatomo-pathological diagnosis was melanoma. After intervention, the patient was referred to the Department of Medical Oncology, where a primary origin was excluded in the skin, mucosa, and eyes. This confirmed diagnosis of primary biliary tract melanoma. Computed tomography was performed 12 mo after the procedure revealed several subcentimetric lung nodules. Wedge resection was performed. After confirming the diagnosis of pulmonary metastasis of primary melanoma of the biliary tract, the patient was started on immunotherapy with nivolumab. Tolerance to treatment was excellent. The patient remains disease-free 36 mo after the treatment of metastatic lung lesions. CONCLUSION: The patient reported here is the first case of primary malignant melanoma of the biliary tract with lung metastases successfully treated with immunotherapy

Molecular Characteristics of Extraintestinal Pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC), Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), and Multidrug Resistant E. coli Isolated from Healthy Dogs in Spain. Whole Genome Sequencing of Canine ST372 Isolates and Comparison with Human Isolates Causing Extraintestinal Infections

Under a one health perspective and the worldwide antimicrobial resistance concern, we investigated extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC), uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), and multidrug resistant (MDR) E. coli from 197 isolates recovered from healthy dogs in Spain between 2013 and 2017. A total of 91 (46.2%) isolates were molecularly classified as ExPEC and/or UPEC, including 50 clones, among which (i) four clones were dominant (B2-CH14-180-ST127, B2-CH52-14-ST141, B2-CH103-9-ST372 and F-CH4-58-ST648) and (ii) 15 had been identified among isolates causing extraintestinal infections in Spanish and French humans in 2015 and 2016. A total of 28 (14.2%) isolates were classified as MDR, associated with B1, D, and E phylogroups, and included 24 clones, of which eight had also been identified among the human clinical isolates. We selected 23 ST372 strains, 21 from healthy dogs, and two from human clinical isolates for whole genome sequencing and built an SNP-tree with these 23 genomes and 174 genomes (128 from canine strains and 46 from human strains) obtained from public databases. These 197 genomes were segregated into six clusters. Cluster 1 comprised 74.6% of the strain genomes, mostly composed of canine strain genomes (p < 0.00001). Clusters 4 and 6 also included canine strain genomes, while clusters 2, 3, and 5 were significantly associated with human strain genomes. Finding several common clones and clone-related serotypes in dogs and humans suggests a potentially bidirectional clone transfer that argues for the one health perspective

Independence in CLP Languages

Studying independence of goals has proven very useful in the context of logic programming. In particular, it has provided a formal basis for powerful automatic parallelization tools, since independence ensures that two goals may be evaluated in parallel while preserving correctness and eciency. We extend the concept of independence to constraint logic programs (CLP) and prove that it also ensures the correctness and eciency of the parallel evaluation of independent goals. Independence for CLP languages is more complex than for logic programming as search space preservation is necessary but no longer sucient for ensuring correctness and eciency. Two additional issues arise. The rst is that the cost of constraint solving may depend upon the order constraints are encountered. The second is the need to handle dynamic scheduling. We clarify these issues by proposing various types of search independence and constraint solver independence, and show how they can be combined to allow dierent optimizations, from parallelism to intelligent backtracking. Sucient conditions for independence which can be evaluated \a priori" at run-time are also proposed. Our study also yields new insights into independence in logic programming languages. In particular, we show that search space preservation is not only a sucient but also a necessary condition for ensuring correctness and eciency of parallel execution