12,130 research outputs found
Rotating and counterrotating relativistic thin disks as sources of stationary electrovacuum spacetimes
A detailed study is presented of the counterrotating model (CRM) for
electrovacuum stationary axially symmetric relativistic thin disks of infinite
extension without radial stress, in the case when the eigenvalues of the
energy-momentum tensor of the disk are real quantities, so that there is not
heat flow. We find a general constraint over the counterrotating tangential
velocities needed to cast the surface energy-momentum tensor of the disk as the
superposition of two counterrotating charged dust fluids. We then show that, in
some cases, this constraint can be satisfied if we take the two counterrotating
tangential velocities as equal and opposite or by taking the two
counterrotating streams as circulating along electro-geodesics. However, we
show that, in general, it is not possible to take the two counterrotating
fluids as circulating along electro-geodesics nor take the two counterrotating
tangential velocities as equal and opposite. A simple family of models of
counterrotating charged disks based on the Kerr-Newman solution are considered
where we obtain some disks with a CRM well behaved. We also show that the disks
constructed from the Kerr-Newman solution can be interpreted, for all the
values of parameters, as a matter distribution with currents and purely
azimuthal pressure without heat flow. The models are constructed using the
well-known "displace, cut and reflect" method extended to solutions of vacuum
Einstein-Maxwell equations. We obtain, in all the cases, counterrotating
Kerr-Newman disks that are in agreement with all the energy conditions.Comment: 22 pages, 7 figures, Late
The onset of solar cycle 24: What global acoustic modes are telling us
We study the response of the low-degree, solar p-mode frequencies to the
unusually extended minimum of solar surface activity since 2007. A total of
4768 days of observations collected by the space-based, Sun-as-a-star
helioseismic GOLF instrument are analyzed. A multi-step iterative
maximum-likelihood fitting method is applied to subseries of 365 days and 91.25
days to extract the p-mode parameters. Temporal variations of the l=0, 1, and 2
p-mode frequencies are then obtained from April 1996 to May 2009. While the
p-mode frequency shifts are closely correlated with solar surface activity
proxies during the past solar cycles, the frequency shifts of the l=0 and l=2
modes show an increase from the second half of 2007, when no significant
surface activity is observable. On the other hand, the l=1 modes follow the
general decreasing trend of the solar surface activity. The different
behaviours between the l=0 and l=2 modes and the l=1 modes can be interpreted
as different geometrical responses to the spatial distribution of the solar
magnetic field beneath the surface of the Sun. The analysis of the low-degree,
solar p-mode frequency shifts indicates that the solar activity cycle 24
started late 2007, despite the absence of activity on the solar surface.Comment: To be accepted by A&A (with minor revisions), 4 pages, 3 figures, 1
tabl
Psychometric properties of the Brief-COPE for the evaluation of coping strategies in the Chilean population
The Brief-COPE is an abbreviated version of the COPE (Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced) Inventory, a self-report questionnaire developed to assess a broad range of coping responses. Currently, it is one of the best validated and most frequently used measures of coping strategies. The aim of this study was to validate a culturally appropriate Chilean version of the Brief-COPE, assess its psychometric properties and construct and congruent validity. The Spanish version of the Brief-COPE was administrated in a community sample of 1847 Chilean adult (60.4% women) exposed to a variety of stressful experiences. The factorial structure of the inventory was examined by comparing four different models found in previous studies in Latin American population. The results of confirmatory factor analyses revealed, as in the original studies, a 14-factor structure of the Brief-COPE. These dimensions showed adequate internal structure and consistency. The factorial invariance comparing women and men confirmed strict invariance. Additionally, the results showed significant correlation between some Brief-COPE scales, such as denial and substance use, with perceived stress and emotional support and active coping with subjective well-being. Overall, the present work offers a valid and reliable tool for assessing coping strategies in the Chilean population.This study was funded by CONICYT/FONDECYT (grant number 1180134) awarded to Felipe E. Garcia
- …